Al-Bustān: Recreational Estates in the Islamic West and Sicily—Architectures and Spaces of Prestige as Symbols of Power

A special issue of Arts (ISSN 2076-0752).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 3042

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of History of Art, Archeology and Music, Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, Córdoba University, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
Interests: Muqarnas decoration; Western/Eastern Islamic art from the beginning to 15th century; Andalusi art; Sharq al-Andalus; Mardanishi art
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Archaeology and Architecture of the City, Escuela de Estudios Árabes (CSIC), Cuesta del Chapiz, 22, 18010 Granada, Spain
Interests: western Islamic architecture and archaeology; Andalusi archaeology; Sharq al-Andalus; Mardanishi architecture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are grateful for the opportunity to guest edit this Special Issue of the Arts journal devoted to “Al-Bustān: Recreational Estates in the Islamic West and Sicily—Architectures and Spaces of Prestige as Symbols of Power”.

Historically, almunias or pleasure estates (al-Bustān) were not only places of leisure and recreation for the urban elite but also agricultural and livestock farms that provided significant economic benefits to their owners. Their establishment was a display of power and prestige, and their architecture reflected the status of their promoters; this fact explains why some of the most well-known examples in the Islamic West and Sicily preserve monumental remains of the highest caliber in their palaces, pools, and walls. Examples of some of these almunias include Genoardo and Favara in Palermo, Agdal and Menara in Marrakech, Aljafería in Zaragoza, Castillejo de Monteagudo, or Generalife in Granada—all founded during the Middle Ages.

The aim of this Special Issue is to share findings from recent excavations with the scientific community, along with research conducted through the exploration of written sources and architectural and artistic analyses. Additionally, works related to the study of the architectural typologies used in the almunias, their potential origins in Greco-Roman antiquity, their remaking during the Middle Ages, and their transferal to the Renaissance will be presented.

Prof. Dr. Alicia Carrillo
Dr. Julio Navarro Palazón
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Al-Bustān
  • belvedere
  • qubba
  • botanical gardens
  • Nymphaeum
  • pools

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

54 pages, 27840 KiB  
Article
Citrus: From Symbolism to Sensuality—Exploring Luxury and Extravagance in Western Muslim Bustān and European Renaissance Gardens
by Diego Rivera, Julio Navarro, Inmaculada Camarero, Javier Valera, Diego-José Rivera-Obón and Concepción Obón
Arts 2024, 13(6), 176; https://doi.org/10.3390/arts13060176 - 21 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2303
Abstract
This study delves into the multifaceted realm of citrus fruits, exploring their significance and socioeconomic implications from their early introduction to Western Muslim and Renaissance gardens, tracing their journey throughout history. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, drawing from biological, archaeobotanical, iconographic, and textual sources, [...] Read more.
This study delves into the multifaceted realm of citrus fruits, exploring their significance and socioeconomic implications from their early introduction to Western Muslim and Renaissance gardens, tracing their journey throughout history. Employing a multidisciplinary approach, drawing from biological, archaeobotanical, iconographic, and textual sources, our study offers a comprehensive exploration of citrus symbolism and cultural significance, integrating historical, artistic, horticultural, and socioeconomic viewpoints. The genus Citrus (Rutaceae) comprises around thirty species and its natural habitat spans from the southern slopes of the Himalayas to China, Southeast Asia, nearby islands, and Queensland. Originating from only four of these species, humans have cultivated hundreds of hybrids and thousands of varieties, harnessing their culinary, medicinal, and ornamental potential worldwide. We delve into the symbolic value of citrus fruits, which have served as indicators of economic status and power. From their early presence in Mediterranean religious rituals to their depiction in opulent Roman art and mythical narratives like the Garden of the Hesperides, citrus fruits have epitomized luxury and desire. Christian lore intertwines them with the forbidden fruit of Eden, while Islamic and Sicilian gardens and Renaissance villas signify their prestige. We analyze diverse perspectives, from moralists to hedonists, and examine their role in shaping global agriculture, exemplified by rare varieties like aurantii foetiferi. Full article
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