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Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials
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Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2022) | Viewed by 21029

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Seong-Cheol Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Sangyeok-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu, Korea
Interests: concrete structures; concrete; structural engineering

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Concrete is one of the most widely used construction materials since the 20th century. Much research has been conducted to develop a new advanced concrete that improves the properties of conventional concrete. However, in order for practical application of the new materials, structural performance shall be verified for the member or structures where the new materials are fully or partially employed.

The Special Issue “Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials” is intended to address structural behaviors of new construction materials, such as fiber-reinforced concrete, nano-concrete, high-performance concrete, etc. These advanced concrete materials have been recently developed in order to improve the properties of the conventional concrete. The topic of ‘Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials’ covers a vast research area, including but not limited to advanced concrete materials, experimental investigation, theoretical work with structural modeling and analysis, development of design guidelines, interaction with conventional reinforcing bars, practical applications, etc. The present Special Issue is devised as a collection of articles reporting both concise reviews of recently obtained results, and new findings produced in this broad research area.

Prof. Dr. Seong-Cheol Lee
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • concrete
  • fiber-reinforced
  • nano-concrete
  • high-performance concrete
  • structural behavior
  • structural analysis
  • structural modeling
  • design guideline

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 4898 KiB  
Article
The Behavior of Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Elements: A New Stress-Strain Model Using an Evolutionary Approach
by Ali A. Abdulhameed, Alaa Hussein Al-Zuhairi, Salah R. Al Zaidee, Ammar N. Hanoon, Ahmed W. Al Zand, Mahir M. Hason and Haider A. Abdulhameed
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(4), 2245; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12042245 - 21 Feb 2022
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 5415
Abstract
Several stress-strain models were used to predict the strengths of steel fiber reinforced concrete, which are distinctive of the material. However, insufficient research has been done on the influence of hybrid fiber combinations (comprising two or more distinct fibers) on the characteristics of [...] Read more.
Several stress-strain models were used to predict the strengths of steel fiber reinforced concrete, which are distinctive of the material. However, insufficient research has been done on the influence of hybrid fiber combinations (comprising two or more distinct fibers) on the characteristics of concrete. For this reason, the researchers conducted an experimental program to determine the stress-strain relationship of 30 concrete samples reinforced with two distinct fibers (a hybrid of polyvinyl alcohol and steel fibers), with compressive strengths ranging from 40 to 120 MPa. A total of 80% of the experimental results were used to develop a new empirical stress-strain model, which was accomplished through the application of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. It was discovered in this investigation that the new stress-strain model predictions are consistent with the remaining 20% of the experimental stress-strain curves obtained. Case studies of hybrid–fiber–reinforced concrete constructions were investigated in order to better understand the behavior of such elements. The data revealed that the proposed model has the highest absolute relative error (ARE) frequencies (ARE 10%) and the lowest absolute relative error (ARE > 15%) frequencies (ARE > 15%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials)
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15 pages, 3997 KiB  
Article
Engineering Properties and Economic Feasibility Evaluation of Eco-Friendly Rainwater Detention System with Red Clay Water-Permeable Block Body
by Hojin Kim, Heeyong Choi, Taegyu Lee and Hyeonggil Choi
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1193; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031193 - 24 Jan 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2592
Abstract
An integrated rainwater management system is necessary due to the frequent occurrence of localized torrential rainfall and heat waves caused by an abnormal climate. It is necessary to develop a rainwater detention system that can implement rainwater infiltration and detention simultaneously. In this [...] Read more.
An integrated rainwater management system is necessary due to the frequent occurrence of localized torrential rainfall and heat waves caused by an abnormal climate. It is necessary to develop a rainwater detention system that can implement rainwater infiltration and detention simultaneously. In this study, the safety, durability, and eco-friendliness of an eco-friendly rainwater detention system developed using an eco-friendly inorganic binder, which involves red clay, were evaluated and its economic feasibility was compared with that of the existing detention system. After 14 days, analysis of the maximum compression load and computational finite element analysis confirmed that the strength standard was satisfied and the structure was safe. No heavy metals or organic compounds were detected in the leaching test. Thus, the eco-friendly rainwater detention system is structurally safe and eco-friendly with no impact on the soil and groundwater environment, and is economically feasible because the construction cost and life cycle cost are approximately 30% and 58% lower, respectively, than those of the existing polyethylene infiltration detention tank system. These results indicate that improved safety, eco-friendliness, and economic feasibility can be achieved, compared to those of the existing system, if the eco-friendly rainwater detention system is applied in the field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials)
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11 pages, 4749 KiB  
Article
Study on the Increase of the Supporting Capacity of a Cement Milk Pile with Expansive Additives
by Hyeonggil Choi, Taegyu Lee, Heesup Choi, Kangsoo Lee and Dong-Eun Lee
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(21), 9922; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11219922 - 23 Oct 2021
Viewed by 1880
Abstract
In this study, an engineering characteristic test was conducted on cement milk using expansive additives during the construction of bored piles. Expansive additive mixtures with various mixing ratios were prepared according to the construction standards of the Korea Expressway Corporation. Segregation resistance, compressive [...] Read more.
In this study, an engineering characteristic test was conducted on cement milk using expansive additives during the construction of bored piles. Expansive additive mixtures with various mixing ratios were prepared according to the construction standards of the Korea Expressway Corporation. Segregation resistance, compressive strength, frictional resistance stress, scanning electron microscope images, porosity, and economic feasibility were analyzed. It was found that segregation effects due to expansive additive incorporation were insignificant, and it was confirmed that all specimens exceeded 0.5 N/mm2, the compressive strength standard of the Korea Expressway Corporation pile bearing capacity. Given a water–binder ratio of 83% mixed with 10% expansive additives, frictional resistance increased up to ~35%, skin friction force was significantly improved, and a cost-saving effect of up to ~33.24% was achieved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials)
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17 pages, 7537 KiB  
Article
Development of Narrow Loop Joint for Precast Concrete Slabs with Fiber-Reinforced Mortar: Experimental Investigation of Material Properties and Flexural Behavior of Joint
by Shuichi Fujikura, Minh Hai Nguyen, Shotaro Baba, Hiromi Fujiwara, Hisao Tategami and Hiroyasu Murai
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(17), 8235; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11178235 - 5 Sep 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3265
Abstract
In the replacement of the reinforced concrete slab in existing steel girder bridges, a loop joint is commonly used to join precast concrete slabs on site. However, a relatively wide joint is needed, and considerable time and effort are consumed to construct the [...] Read more.
In the replacement of the reinforced concrete slab in existing steel girder bridges, a loop joint is commonly used to join precast concrete slabs on site. However, a relatively wide joint is needed, and considerable time and effort are consumed to construct the joint due to the addition of transverse reinforcements to the joint on site. These disadvantages affect the progress of on-site construction and should be addressed, especially when this method is applied to highway bridges, where early traffic opening is necessary in many cases. This study proposes a narrow loop joint that has fiber-reinforced mortar without transverse reinforcements. Several material tests were conducted to determine a suitable material for the joint. A series of flexural loading tests of slabs was conducted to investigate the flexural behavior of the proposed loop joint with the selected material (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers). The results showed that the flexural capacity and deformation performance of the proposed joint with PVA fibers are equivalent to those of the conventional loop joint. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials)
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15 pages, 2249 KiB  
Article
Temperature Impact on Engineered Cementitious Composite Containing Basalt Fibers
by Pouya Rafiei, Hoofar Shokravi, Seyed Esmaeil Mohammadyan-Yasouj, Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor and Michal Petrů
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(15), 6848; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11156848 - 26 Jul 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4143
Abstract
Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is a new generation of fiber-reinforced concrete with high ductility and exceptional crack control capabilities. However, ECC can suffer a substantial reduction in ductility when exposed to elevated temperatures resulting in a loss of crack-bridging ability. In this study, [...] Read more.
Engineered cementitious composite (ECC) is a new generation of fiber-reinforced concrete with high ductility and exceptional crack control capabilities. However, ECC can suffer a substantial reduction in ductility when exposed to elevated temperatures resulting in a loss of crack-bridging ability. In this study, the effect of adding basalt fiber (BF), which is an inorganic fiber with high-temperature resistance for the production of ECC, was studied. Moreover, the change in the mechanical properties of ECC, including compressive, tensile, and flexural strength, was experimentally investigated under elevated temperatures up to 400 °C. The results showed that the addition of BF to reinforced ECC improved the tensile and flexural strength of concrete effectively, but compressive strength marginally decreased. A significant decrease was observed in the range from 300 to 400 °C, while it increased smoothly when heated up to 300 °C. The compressive and flexural strength diminished after a slight strain gained when heated up to 100 °C. This work paves the way for future investigations focusing on the development of high-temperature resistance ECC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials)
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12 pages, 4692 KiB  
Article
Effect of Electrospun Nanofiber Additive on Selected Mechanical Properties of Hardened Cement Paste
by Tri N.M. Nguyen, Do Hyung Lee and Jung J. Kim
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(21), 7504; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217504 - 26 Oct 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2670
Abstract
This study presents an estimation of the mechanical property enhancing mechanism of electrospun-nanofiber-blended cementitious materials. Four types of electrospun nanofibers (NFs) were introduced into Portland cement: nylon 66 nanofibers, tetraethyl orthosilicate/polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers (TEOS/PVP), hybrid nanofibers containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nylon 66, and [...] Read more.
This study presents an estimation of the mechanical property enhancing mechanism of electrospun-nanofiber-blended cementitious materials. Four types of electrospun nanofibers (NFs) were introduced into Portland cement: nylon 66 nanofibers, tetraethyl orthosilicate/polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofibers (TEOS/PVP), hybrid nanofibers containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nylon 66, and hybrid nanofibers containing carbon nanotubes and TEOS/PVP (CNTs-TEOS/PVP NFs). Due to the mechanical strength results, there was an increase of 27.3% and 33.4% in compressive strength when adding TEOS/PVP nanofibers and the hybrid nanofibers containing carbon nanotubes and TEOS/PVP into the pastes, respectively. In addition, there was an increase of 25.7% and 54.3% in tensile strength when adding nylon 66 nanofibers and the hybrid nanofibers containing carbon nanotubes and nylon 66 into the pastes, respectively. The highest toughness of 61.7% was obtained by the paste blended with CNTs-TEOS/PVP NFs. The results observed from scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis clarified the change in the microstructure of the modified pastes, as well as the mechanical property enhancing mechanism of the electrospun-nanofiber-blended cementitious materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Application of Advanced Concrete Materials)
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