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Recent Advances in Antennas and Propagation
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Recent Advances in Antennas and Propagation

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Electrical, Electronics and Communications Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2025 | Viewed by 4680

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Enrique González Plaza

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, University of Oviedo, c/Federico García Lorca, 33007 Oviedo, Spain
Interests: antennas; lenses; transmitarrays; regression models; artificial neural networks; solar radiation models
Prof. Dr. Costantino De Angelis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
Interests: integrated optics; plasmonics; optical antennas; nonlinear optics; microwaves; energy harvesting; photonics; telecommunications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the interest of antenna researchers has shifted to topics related to 5G and other novel technologies, which are the basis for the Internet of Things. Most of these systems were designed to function in different frequency bands, as well as in polarizations. Therefore, antennas that work in several bands or polarizations are one of the key points in most recent research, as they enable the possibility to combine several systems into smaller ones. In addition, antennas that are capable of adapting to the requirements of any particular system, in terms of radiation pattern or bandwidth, are also of great importance. 

Alongside that, cheap-to-manufacture or low-profile antennas pose a good solution to these new technologies. Not only is this important to reduce the overall cost of a system, but it also helps increase its versatility. This is important for this new generation of antennas that are used in the wide range of applications of IoT, varying from wearable devices to the bulkier base stations.

Thus, you are encouraged to participate in this Special Issue sharing research with the scientific community to help us work together to push the boundaries of our knowledge. Original research articles and reviews are welcome.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Enrique González Plaza
Prof. Dr. Costantino De Angelis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dual-band
  • dual-polarized
  • 5G
  • arrays
  • multibeam
  • beam-forming
  • broadband antennas
  • printed antennas

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 8791 KiB  
Article
Innovative Integration of High-Performance Floating Patch Antennas in Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguides
by Darío Herraiz Tirado, Marcos D. Fernandez, David Herraiz-Zanon, Ignacio Galeote Carballo, Akram Alomainy and Angel Belenguer
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(8), 4549; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15084549 - 20 Apr 2025
Viewed by 154
Abstract
Substrate Integrated Circuits (SICs) represent a significant advancement in microwave communication systems due to their high efficiency, performance, and integration capabilities. Empty Substrate-Integrated Waveguides (ESIWs) are a type of SIC that offers benefits such as cost-effectiveness while maintaining high performance. This paper presents [...] Read more.
Substrate Integrated Circuits (SICs) represent a significant advancement in microwave communication systems due to their high efficiency, performance, and integration capabilities. Empty Substrate-Integrated Waveguides (ESIWs) are a type of SIC that offers benefits such as cost-effectiveness while maintaining high performance. This paper presents the design and implementation of the first floating patch antenna integrated into an ESIW, fed by a metallic rod. The proposed antenna is designed to operate in the X-band (8–12 GHz), with a resonance peak at 10 GHz. The patch antenna is square, which provides interesting radiation characteristics. It is excited by a metallic rod that connects the patch to the ESIW line, resulting in excellent performance in terms of measured radiation efficiency (over 90%) and −10 dB impedance bandwidth (approximately 20%). The prototype demonstrates minimal differences between the simulated and manufactured versions. These results highlight the potential of ESIW-fed floating patch antennas for advanced satellite communication systems. This will enable the integration of complete communication systems within ESIWs and facilitate the straightforward development of 2D element arrays. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Antennas and Propagation)
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17 pages, 6527 KiB  
Article
Eco-Friendly Metadome-Antenna Innovations for Wearable Millimeter Wave Radar Sensing
by María Elena de Cos Gómez, Alicia Flórez Berdasco and Fernando Las-Heras Andrés
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 2674; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15052674 - 2 Mar 2025
Viewed by 808
Abstract
A compact and low-cost meta-radomized wearable grid array antenna (MTR-GAA) for radar sensing application at 24 GHz is presented. It is based on eco-friendly aluminum-cladded Polypropylene (PP) substrate. The overall MTR-GAA size is 40 × 40 × 1.74 mm3. Prototypes are [...] Read more.
A compact and low-cost meta-radomized wearable grid array antenna (MTR-GAA) for radar sensing application at 24 GHz is presented. It is based on eco-friendly aluminum-cladded Polypropylene (PP) substrate. The overall MTR-GAA size is 40 × 40 × 1.74 mm3. Prototypes are fabricated and tested, achieving consistent agreement between simulation and measurements and meeting typical requirements for the envisioned Electronic Travel Aid (ETA) radar sensing applications to aid visually impaired people. A comparison with state-of-the-art 24 GHz wearable radar antennas is also provided to endorse the advantages of the proposed metadome-antenna ensemble for the target application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Antennas and Propagation)
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18 pages, 4600 KiB  
Article
A New Low-Cost Compact Antenna for the 2.45 and 5.8 GHz ISM Bands
by Ognadon Assogba, Arnaud Bréard and Yvan Duroc
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(4), 1912; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15041912 - 12 Feb 2025
Viewed by 684
Abstract
This paper presents the design of a high-performance dual-band antenna for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band applications. The proposed prototype consists of a low-cost patch antenna, 40 mm × 24 mm in size (i.e., 0.36λ0 × 0.19λ0, with λ [...] Read more.
This paper presents the design of a high-performance dual-band antenna for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band applications. The proposed prototype consists of a low-cost patch antenna, 40 mm × 24 mm in size (i.e., 0.36λ0 × 0.19λ0, with λ0 the wavelength corresponding to the low frequency), with a relatively wideband for both operational bands (up to 140 MHz at 2.45 GHz and 510 MHz at 5.8 GHz), and a radiation efficiency of over 90%. The antenna has a quasi-omnidirectional radiation pattern with gains of 2.41 dBi and 5.22 dBi at 2.45 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively. The design methodology is detailed and illustrated by simulation results showing the optimization steps and the characteristics associated with the antenna. Experimental results based on a fabricated prototype are presented and compared with simulation results from the design stage. Finally, the proposed antenna prototype is also compared with similar antennas available in the literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Antennas and Propagation)
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17 pages, 6210 KiB  
Article
A Small Implantable Compact Antenna for Wireless Telemetry Applied to Wireless Body Area Networks
by Zongsheng Gan, Dan Wang, Lu Liu, Xiaofeng Fu, Xinju Wang and Peng Chen
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(3), 1385; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031385 - 29 Jan 2025
Viewed by 2475
Abstract
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are human-centric wireless networks, and implantable antennas represent a vital communication component within WBANs. The dielectric properties of human tissue are highly complex, with each layer exhibiting distinct dielectric constants that significantly influence the performance of implanted antennas. [...] Read more.
Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are human-centric wireless networks, and implantable antennas represent a vital communication component within WBANs. The dielectric properties of human tissue are highly complex, with each layer exhibiting distinct dielectric constants that significantly influence the performance of implanted antennas. It is therefore imperative that a compact broadband implantable antenna be designed in order to address the instability in communication of medical implant devices. The antenna, coated in silicone, is a single-layer structure fed by a coaxial cable, with a volume of just 6 mm × 6 mm× 0.53 mm. A metallic patch is etched on the upper surface of the substrate, and the compact antenna design is enhanced with the introduction of S-shaped, F-shaped, and rectangular slots on the patch. The bottom side of the substrate is etched with rectangular ground planes, which broaden the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The simulation results demonstrate that the antenna attains an impedance bandwidth of 23.8% (2.08–2.64 GHz), encompassing the entirety of the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band (2.4–2.48 GHz). In order to simulate the working environment of the antenna within the human body, physical tests were conducted on the antenna in pork tissue. The test results demonstrate that the antenna exhibits a measured bandwidth of 28% (2.3–3.03 GHz), with a radiation pattern that displays omnidirectional radiation characteristics. The antenna’s impedance matching and radiation characteristics remain essentially consistent in both bent and unbent states, indicating structural robustness. In comparison to other implantable antennas, this antenna displays a wider impedance bandwidth, a lower Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), and superior implant performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Antennas and Propagation)
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