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Research Advances of Removal of Pollutants by Advanced Oxidation Technologies

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2020) | Viewed by 9434

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Marcos Larriba

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Chemical Engineering Department, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: the development of novel separation processes based on liquid-liquid extraction using alternative solvents, such as ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Silvia Álvarez-Torrellas

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Grupo de Catálisis y Procesos de Separación-CyPS, Dept Ingeniería Química y de Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Complutense University, Avda Complutense S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: adsorption processes; heterogeneous catalysis; modelling; nanostructured carbon materials
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Prof. Dr. Juan García Rodríguez

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Catalysis and Separation Processes Group (CyPS), Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
Interests: adsorption processes; catalytic wet air oxidation; synthesis and characterization of carbon materials; wastewater treatments; 3-D printing of carbon materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wastewater treatment plants produce wastes that contain many potential contaminants. Today, as a consequence of stricter legislations, more efficient wastewater treatment technologies are necessary. In this context, advances in chemical water and wastewater treatment have led to the continuous development of a range of processes denominated advanced oxidation technologies. These technologies have shown great potential in treating pollutants at low and high concentrations compared to conventional technologies such as adsorption, air stripping, and biodegradation and have found applications as diverse as industrial, groundwater, and municipal wastewater treatment, industrial sludge destruction, etc. This Special Issue is focused on recent advances in oxidation processes as alternative treatment methods for wastewater contaminants. Original research papers, reviews, and short reviews discussing hybrid processes, heterogeneous semiconductor photocatalysis, persulphate oxidation, catalytic wet air oxidation, catalytic wet peroxide oxidation, advanced electrochemical oxidation technologies, and synthesis and characterization of new heterogeneous catalysts are invited for submission.

Prof. Dr. Marcos Larriba Martínez
Prof. Dr. Silvia Álvarez-Torrellas
Prof. Dr. Juan García Rodríguez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

Organic contaminants
Wastewater treatment
Hybrid processes
Advanced oxidation technologies
Reaction intermediates and mechanisms
Heterogeneous catalysts
Activity and stability of catalysts

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1629 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Catalytic Degradation of 4-Ethylpyridine in Water by Heterogeneous Photo-Fenton Process

by Nasr Bensalah, Mohammad I. Ahmad and Ahmed Bedoui

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(23), 5073; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9235073 - 25 Nov 2019

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2709

Abstract

In this work, the degradation of 4-ethylpyridine (4EP) in water by a heterogeneous photo-Fenton process (H₂O₂/Fe₃O₄/ultraviolet irradiation (UV)) was investigated. More rapid and effective 4EP degradation was obtained with H₂O₂/Fe₃O₄/UV than Fenton-like (H₂O₂/Fe₃O₄) and UV/H₂O_2, which is due to the larger production of hydroxyl radicals from the chemical and photolytic decomposition of H₂O₂. The operational conditions were varied during 4EP degradation experiments to evaluate the effects of pH, catalyst, concentration, and temperature on the kinetics and efficiency of H₂O₂/Fe₃O₄/UV oxidation. Under optimal conditions (100 mg/L 4EP, [H₂O₂] = 1000 mg/L, Fe₃O₄ = 40 mg/L, pH = 3 and room temperature, 300 rpm), 4EP was totally declined and more than 93% of the total organic carbon (TOC) was eliminated. Liquid chromatography analysis confirmed the formation of aromatic and aliphatic intermediates (4-hydroxypyridine, 4-pyridone, malonic, oxalic, and formic acids) that resulted in being mineralized. Ion chromatography analysis demonstrated the stoichiometric release of NH4⁺ ions during 4EP degradation by heterogeneous photo-Fenton oxidation. The reuse of the heterogeneous catalyst was evaluated after chemical and heat treatment at different temperatures. The heat-treated catalyst at 500 °C presented similar activity than the pristine Fe₃O₄. Accordingly, heterogeneous photo-Fenton oxidation can be an alternative method to treat wastewaters and groundwater contaminated with pyridine derivatives and other organic micropollutants. The combination of heterogeneous photo-Fenton oxidation with classical biological methods can be proposed to reduce the overall cost of the treatment in large-scale water treatment plants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Advances of Removal of Pollutants by Advanced Oxidation Technologies)

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11 pages, 1554 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Degradation of UV Filter Ethyl 4-Aminobenzoate (Et-PABA) Using a UV-Activated Persulfate Oxidation Process

by Ruirui Han, Qiang Wu, Chihao Lin, Lingfeng Zhang, Zhicai Zhai, Ping Sun, Yingsen Fang, Jiaqiang Wu and Hui Liu

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(14), 2873; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9142873 - 18 Jul 2019

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2908

Abstract

In this paper, the ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PDS) combined oxidation process was used to remove the ethyl 4-aminobenzoate (Et-PABA), one of the typical 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)-type UV filters. The effects of various factors on the removal of Et-PABA using the UV/PDS process were investigated, and the degradation mechanisms of Et-PABA were explored. The results showed that the UV/PDS process can effectively remove 98.7% of Et-PABA within 30 min under the conditions: UV intensity of 0.92 mW·cm⁻², an initial concentration of Et-PABA of 0.05 mM, and a PDS concentration of 2 mM. The removal rate of Et-PABA increased with the increase in PDS dosage within the experimental range, whereas humic acid (HA) had an inhibitory effect on Et-PABA removal. Six intermediates were identified based on HPLC–MS and degradation pathways were then proposed. It can be foreseen that the UV/PDS oxidation process has broad application prospects in water treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Advances of Removal of Pollutants by Advanced Oxidation Technologies)

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Review

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17 pages, 1905 KiB

Open AccessReview

Contaminants of Emerging Concern Removal by High-Energy Oxidation-Reduction Processes: State of the Art

by Andrea G. Capodaglio

Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(21), 4562; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9214562 - 27 Oct 2019

Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3308

Abstract

The presence of ‘emerging contaminants’, i.e., chemicals yet without a regulatory status and poorly understood impact on human health and environment, in wastewater and aquatic environments is widely reported. No established technology, to date, can simultaneously and completely remove all these contaminants, even though some Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs,) have demonstrated capacity for some degradation of these compounds. High-energy, radiolytic processing of water matrices using various sources: electron beam (EB), ɣ-rays or non-thermal plasma (NTP) have shown excellent results in many applications, although these remain at the moment isolated examples and scarcely known. High-energy irradiation constitutes an additive-free process that uses short-lived, highly reactive radicals (both oxidating and reducing) generated by water radiolysis, which can instantaneously decompose organic pollutants. Several studies have demonstrated its effectiveness, as a stand-alone process or combined with others, in the rapid decomposition (up to complete mineralization) of organic compounds in pure and complex solutions, and in the removal or inactivation of microorganisms and parasites, without production of leftover residual compounds in solution. High-energy oxidation processes (a.k.a. Advanced Oxidation & Reduction Processes—AORPs) could have a primary role in future strategies addressing emerging contaminants. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Advances of Removal of Pollutants by Advanced Oxidation Technologies)

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