Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
5.5
2.5
Journals
Applied Sciences
Special Issues
Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition
applsci-logo
Submit to Applied Sciences Review for Applied Sciences Propose a Special Issue

Journal Menu

► Journal Menu

Journal Browser

► Journal Browser
share announcement

Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2026) | Viewed by 10064

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mauro Malvè

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía s/n, Edificio de los Pinos, E-31005 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
Interests: fluid–structure interaction; biofluid mechanics; computational modelling in biomechanics; cardiovascular biomechanics in healthy and diseased conditions; animal biomechanics; respiratory mechanics; medical devices
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last decades, the improvement of the computational technology has allowed for the introduction of advanced numerical models and high-performance simulations in several fields of the engineering. In particular, biomedical engineering, which can be considered as a bridge discipline between engineering and medicine, and combines the knowledge of several aspects of both fields, has received great attention from the scientific community for its direct relation to human health. In a more general meaning, biomedical engineering also includes the study of the processes related to nature and animals.

Specific applications can be found in the understanding of human pathologies and diseases; in the advancement of the medical health care; and in the improvement of the diagnosis, of the therapies, and of the clinical outcomes, among other aspects. However, biomedical engineering should theoretically also help to reduce the number of tests in animals, and should also contribute to the improvement of their health care. More recent applications can be found in the analysis of biological problems, such as the cells’ culture and motility, and the microfluidic and diffusion processes.

This Special Issue is focused on the numerical modelling of the complex problems in the field of biomechanical and biomedical engineering, which include, but are not limited to, cardiovascular mechanics, computational biofluid dynamics, the application of novel numerical algorithms to the biomedical engineering, advances on constitutive modelling in biomechanics, diffusion models in tissue engineering, and the use of the stenting technique in humans and animals. As such, high-quality original research papers are welcome.

Dr. Mauro Malvè
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • computational biomechanics
  • numerical modeling of medical devices
  • computational biofluid mechanics
  • patient-specific-based numerical models
  • finite element method
  • diffusion models in the tissue engineering
  • constitutive models
  • numerical methods in the biomedical engineering
  • numerical algorithms and imaging technique

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Related Special Issues

Published Papers (7 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

16 pages, 1788 KB  
Article
Fluid Flow Effects on Permeability and Shear Stress in Gyroid Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering
by Felipe Espinoza, Jennifer Rodríguez-Guerra, Pedro González-Mederos and Nicolás Amigo
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(7), 3304; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16073304 - 29 Mar 2026
Viewed by 282
Abstract
This study investigates the flow behavior of gyroid scaffolds using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and three rheological models, Newtonian, Power-law, and Carreau, to assess the influence of pore size, inlet velocity, and scaffold size on wall shear stress (WSS) and permeability. The results [...] Read more.
This study investigates the flow behavior of gyroid scaffolds using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and three rheological models, Newtonian, Power-law, and Carreau, to assess the influence of pore size, inlet velocity, and scaffold size on wall shear stress (WSS) and permeability. The results show that non-Newtonian models yield substantially higher and broader WSS distributions than the Newtonian model, reflecting the importance of shear-dependent viscosity for physiologically realistic simulations. Larger pore size reduces the WSS and increases the permeability. Nevertheless, localized high-shear regions persist, particularly for the non-Newtonian fluids. Higher inlet velocities produce an increase in both WSS and permeability. However, this effect is lees remarkable for the Newtonian model. Comparisons between small and large scaffolds show lower wall shear stress levels in the larger geometry due to reduced local velocity gradients and a more evenly distributed flow field. Overall, rheological models influence the magnitude and heterogeneity of WSS. These findings highlight the need to incorporate non-Newtonian models when evaluating the scaffold performance in tissue engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

20 pages, 1768 KB  
Article
Towards Patient Anatomy-Based Simulation of Net Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow in the Intracranial Compartment
by Edgaras Misiulis, Algis Džiugys, Alina Barkauskienė, Aidanas Preikšaitis, Vytenis Ratkūnas, Gediminas Skarbalius, Robertas Navakas, Tomas Iešmantas, Robertas Alzbutas, Saulius Lukoševičius, Mindaugas Šerpytis, Indrė Lapinskienė, Jewel Sengupta and Vytautas Petkus
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(2), 611; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16020611 - 7 Jan 2026
Viewed by 591
Abstract
Biophysics-based, patient-specific modeling remains challenging for clinical translation, particularly for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow where anatomical detail and computational cost are tightly coupled. We present a computational framework for steady net CSF redistribution in an MRI-derived cranial CSF domain reconstructed from T2 [...] Read more.
Biophysics-based, patient-specific modeling remains challenging for clinical translation, particularly for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow where anatomical detail and computational cost are tightly coupled. We present a computational framework for steady net CSF redistribution in an MRI-derived cranial CSF domain reconstructed from T2-weighted imaging, including the ventricular system, cranial subarachnoid space, and periarterial pathways, to the extent resolvable by clinical MRI. Cranial CSF spaces were segmented in 3D Slicer and a steady Darcy formulation with prescribed CSF production/absorption was solved in COMSOL Multiphysics®. Geometrical and flow descriptors were quantified using region-based projection operations. We assessed discretization cost–accuracy trade-offs by comparing first- and second-order finite elements. First-order elements produced a 1.4% difference in transmantle pressure and a <10% difference in element-wise mass-weighted velocity metric for 90% of elements, while reducing computation time by 75% (20 to 5 min) and peak memory usage five-fold (150 to 30 GB). This proof-of-concept framework provides a computationally tractable baseline for studying steady net CSF pathway redistribution and sensitivity to boundary assumptions, and may support future patient-specific investigations in pathological conditions such as subarachnoid hemorrhage, hydrocephalus and brain tumors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 4673 KB  
Article
The Effect of Degenerative Changes on the Stressed State of the Intervertebral Disc and Adjacent Tissues: A Finite Element Study
by Oleg Ardatov, Artūras Kilikevičius and Vidmantas Alekna
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(20), 11108; https://doi.org/10.3390/app152011108 - 16 Oct 2025
Viewed by 894
Abstract
The work presents a finite element analysis of the mechanical interaction of adjacent tissues in degenerative conditions of the intervertebral disc. To address this, we developed a three-dimensional finite element model that included the L1–L2 vertebrae, the intervertebral disc, and the hyaline endplate. [...] Read more.
The work presents a finite element analysis of the mechanical interaction of adjacent tissues in degenerative conditions of the intervertebral disc. To address this, we developed a three-dimensional finite element model that included the L1–L2 vertebrae, the intervertebral disc, and the hyaline endplate. Nonlinear elasticity theory was employed for the numerical computations, allowing for the consideration of hyperelastic properties of soft tissues. The research findings revealed significant trends associated with the increase in stiffness of the intervertebral disc: in the model with severe degeneration of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus, the yield strength on the cortical bone is reached at a displacement of 3.2 mm, whereas with moderate stiffness of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus, the bone’s strength reserve is significantly higher, and the maximum stresses under such loading conditions reach 50 MPa. In cases with a healthy intervertebral disc, the established stress values differed by almost 50 percent, the maximum value being 41 MPa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

22 pages, 5725 KB  
Article
Patient-Specific Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Anticancer Agent Distribution in Superselective Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Oral Cancer
by Yasuaki Okuma, Hiroaki Kitajima, Yasuharu Yajima, Toshinori Iwai and Kenji Mitsudo
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(18), 9929; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15189929 - 10 Sep 2025
Viewed by 1092
Abstract
Superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy (SSIAC) presents a promising approach for treating oral cancer by delivering high concentrations of anticancer agents directly to the tumor-feeding arteries. However, drug distribution can be unpredictable, particularly in patients with vascular variations, such as the linguofacial trunk. In this [...] Read more.
Superselective intra-arterial chemotherapy (SSIAC) presents a promising approach for treating oral cancer by delivering high concentrations of anticancer agents directly to the tumor-feeding arteries. However, drug distribution can be unpredictable, particularly in patients with vascular variations, such as the linguofacial trunk. In this study, we conducted a patient-specific computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis using contrast-enhanced computed tomography data obtained from two patients with oral cancer. We created 40 catheter placement models to simulate both the conventional and SSIAC techniques. We analyzed the blood and agent flows using a zero-dimensional resistance boundary model validated in a previous study. The agent distribution ratios to the lingual artery and facial artery varied significantly, whereas the blood flow distribution remained consistent across all the models. High anticancer agent concentration gradients were observed within 2 mm of the catheter tip, indicating that local flow dynamics governed the drug delivery process. No significant correlation was observed between the bifurcation flow angles and agent distribution. This study demonstrates that agent delivery in SSIAC is highly sensitive to the catheter tip location and local blood flow, independent of the blood flow bifurcation angles. Patient-specific CFD may assist clinicians in preoperatively determining the optimal catheter positioning to improve the treatment efficacy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 880 KB  
Article
Comparative Analysis of Lower Limb Muscle Activity During Isometric External Rotation in Static and Dynamic Modeling Approaches
by Miłosz Chrzan, Robert Michnik, Sławomir Suchoń, Michał Burkacki and Katarzyna Nowakowska-Lipiec
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(11), 6354; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15116354 - 5 Jun 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2334
Abstract
This study investigates differences in lower limb muscle activity during isometric external hip rotation while standing using static and dynamic models within the AnyBody Modeling System. Thirty-three participants performed controlled isometric rotations using a custom-designed device capable of simultaneously measuring rotational moments and [...] Read more.
This study investigates differences in lower limb muscle activity during isometric external hip rotation while standing using static and dynamic models within the AnyBody Modeling System. Thirty-three participants performed controlled isometric rotations using a custom-designed device capable of simultaneously measuring rotational moments and ground reaction forces. Both static and dynamic simulations were conducted for each subject using personalized biomechanical models. Muscle activity values at the point of peak rotational moment were analyzed for twelve key muscles involved in hip rotation and stabilization of the knee joint, and statistical differences were assessed for significance. Muscles from the gluteal group (Gluteus minimus, medius, and maximus) generally showed lower activation in dynamic simulations, although this trend was not statistically significant for all muscles or test conditions. The mean difference in muscle activity values between static and dynamic simulations was between 0.03 and 0.08 for the gluteal group muscles and up to 0.15 for the Iliopsoas. Static models overestimated the role of stabilizers. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05, Wilcoxon signed-rank test) were observed between the two approaches in terms of predicted muscle activation. In conclusion, discrepancies in muscle activity predictions between static and dynamic simulations highlight the need for task-specific simulation design and careful result interpretation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 5340 KB  
Article
A New Approach to the Parameterization of Streamlined Surfaces of the Left Heart and Aorta, Taking into Account the Twisted Structure of Blood Flow
by Ivan Beglov, Eugene Talygin, Yaroslav Zharkov and Alexandre Gorodkov
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(10), 5291; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15105291 - 9 May 2025
Viewed by 758
Abstract
Using the normal dynamic anatomy of the left heart and aorta as an example, it has been shown that the streamlined surfaces of the flow channels in this segment of the circulation can be approximated with sufficient accuracy by the dependences for the [...] Read more.
Using the normal dynamic anatomy of the left heart and aorta as an example, it has been shown that the streamlined surfaces of the flow channels in this segment of the circulation can be approximated with sufficient accuracy by the dependences for the streamlines obtained from the exact solution of the basic equations of hydrodynamics for the class of centripetal swirling viscous fluid flows. It has been shown that, in three consecutive segments of the blood channel, from the left atrium to the end of the aorta, at the moment of maximum flow velocity, the geometrical configuration of the channel satisfies the condition of constancy of the product of the longitudinal and the square of the radial coordinate, and the zone of jet initiation is limited by a concave streamlined surface. The curvature of the flow channel axis has no effect on the hydrodynamic structure of the flow, since it is coherent with the directions of the streamlines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 2695 KB  
Article
Sound-Induced Round Window Vibration—Experiment and Numerical Simulations of Energy Transfer Through the Cochlea of the Human Ear
by Robert Zablotni, Sylwester Tudruj, Jaroslaw Latalski, Marcin Szymanski, Andrzej Kucharski, Grzegorz Zając and Rafał Rusinek
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(1), 301; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010301 - 31 Dec 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2783
Abstract
This study investigates the dynamic properties of the human middle ear and the energy transfer phenomena between the stapes footplate (SF) and the round window membrane (RWM) under sound stimulation. A series of laboratory tests were conducted, and a numerical model of the [...] Read more.
This study investigates the dynamic properties of the human middle ear and the energy transfer phenomena between the stapes footplate (SF) and the round window membrane (RWM) under sound stimulation. A series of laboratory tests were conducted, and a numerical model of the system was prepared. During the experiments, vibrations in human temporal bones were recorded using a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV), and the frequency response functions (FRFs) of the RWM and SF footplate were computed. Key resonances were identified, with notable differences in vibration amplitude depending on whether the artificial external ear canal was left open or closed. To evaluate the amplification of acoustic waves within the cochlea, the authors proposed a novel index defined as the ratio of the FRF of the RWM and SF, respectively. The performed computations showed that signal amplification is particularly noticeable in the frequency range from 1 to 2 kHz. Subsequently, a simplified computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the cochlea was developed to simulate internal pressure distribution within the scala vestibuli (SV) and scala tympani (ST) spaces. The numerical computations of acoustic signal amplification showed good agreement with the experimental data, particularly at the frequencies of 1 and 2 kHz. These findings provide new insights into cochlear acoustics and offer a potential tool for evaluating pathological disorders and designing prosthetic devices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Simulation in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering-3rd Edition)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-7
Back to TopTop