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Applied Sciences
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Feature Review Paper in "Applied Microbiology" Section
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Feature Review Paper in "Applied Microbiology" Section

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2024) | Viewed by 3905

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Akikazu Sakudo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Science, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
Interests: antimicrobial resistance; bacteria; disinfectants; disinfection and sterilization technologies; food safety; infectious diseases; medical device; prion; public health; virus
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to collect high-quality papers from the field of applied microbiology. We encourage researchers from this field to contribute papers to this Special Issue.

We expect these papers to be widely read and highly influential within the field. We also plan for all papers included in this Special Issue to be published in the form of a print edition book and widely promoted within the scientific community.

This Special Issue calls for original articles and reviews on topics including, but not limited to:

  • Algae
  • Bacteria
  • Archaea, bacteria
  • Fungi
  • Microbes
  • Microorganisms
  • Prions
  • Protozoa
  • Viruses

Prof. Dr. Akikazu Sakudo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • algae
  • bacteria
  • archaea, bacteria
  • fungi
  • microbes
  • microorganisms
  • prions
  • protozoa
  • viruses

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 1615 KiB  
Article
The Antifungal Effect of Weissella confusa WIKIM51 (Wilac D001) on Vaginal Epithelial Cells Infected by Candida albicans
by Gain Lee, Young-Ah You, Abuzar Ansari, Yoon-Young Go, Sunwha Park, Young Min Hur, Soo-Min Kim, Sang Min Park and Young Ju Kim
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 2676; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14072676 - 22 Mar 2024
Viewed by 543
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a genital infection caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). Weissella confusa WIKIM51 (Wilac D001) is known to be detected in dandelion kimchi, produce lactic acid, and have an anti−inflammatory ability; however, its diverse antifungal effects have not [...] Read more.
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a genital infection caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). Weissella confusa WIKIM51 (Wilac D001) is known to be detected in dandelion kimchi, produce lactic acid, and have an anti−inflammatory ability; however, its diverse antifungal effects have not been studied. Here, we investigated the antifungal effect of Wilac D001 in C. albicans compared to Lactobacillus species on vaginal epithelial cells (VECs). To test the antifungal ability of Wilac D001 against C. albicans on VECs, an adhesion test, pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8) analysis, and a disk diffusion test were performed. The acid tolerance test was conducted to investigate the viability of Wilac D001 in various acidic conditions. Lactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) and L. rhamnosus were used as positive controls. Wilac D001 showed the capacity to inhibit the colonization of C. albicans by adhering to VECs, with an inhibitory effect similar to that of positive controls. Both pro−inflammatory cytokines including IL−6 and IL−8 concentrations were significantly decreased when Wilac D001 was treated on C. albicans-infected VECs, respectively (p < 0.001). The result of the disk diffusion test indicates that the inhibitory ability of Wilac D001 is comparable to L. reuteri and L. rhamnosus on agar plates infected with C. albicans. Our results demonstrate that Weissella confusa WIKIM51 has antifungal effects against VECs infected by C. albicans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Review Paper in "Applied Microbiology" Section)
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17 pages, 7312 KiB  
Article
Species Diversity, Nitrogen Fixation, and Nutrient Solubilization Activities of Endophytic Bacteria in Pea Embryos
by Junjie Hao, Xiaoyan Zhang, Shizuo Qiu, Fengjing Song, Xianghua Lyu, Yu Ma and Hao Peng
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(2), 788; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14020788 - 17 Jan 2024
Viewed by 932
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria, especially those that participate in nitrogen fixation, play critical roles in supplying essential nutrients for legume plant growth. Despite that there have been numerous investigations targeting bacterial microbiomes in legume roots and nodules, little is known about embryonic bacteria that facilitate [...] Read more.
Endophytic bacteria, especially those that participate in nitrogen fixation, play critical roles in supplying essential nutrients for legume plant growth. Despite that there have been numerous investigations targeting bacterial microbiomes in legume roots and nodules, little is known about embryonic bacteria that facilitate plant nutrient utilization after seed germination. Here, we collected and investigated endophytic bacterial microbiome in edible pea (Pisum sativum) embryos using five representative cultivars and a pea sprout (shoot of pea [SHP]) control. Twenty-six nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) were isolated from pea embryos, with three strains found in fresh grain pea (FGP) and snow pea (SP) exhibiting the strongest nitrogenase activity of above 85 nmol C2H4/mL/h. Some NFB isolates are also potassium-solubilizing bacteria (KSB) or phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) utilizing inorganic and/or organic phosphorus. All 26 NFB showed variable levels (0.41 to 7.10 μg/mL) of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) secretion. The nutrient-solubilizing NFB identified in our research are potential targets for biofertilizer development. They could be useful in converting nitrogen, potassium, and/or phosphorus into usable forms for the plants. At the microbiome level, high-throughput 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing of 40 bacterial collections from pea embryos generated 4234 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) using 97% identity as the threshold for clustering high-quality effective reads (valid tags). Analysis of OTU annotation results revealed similar species community structures, abundance, and diversity in most samples. Our embryo-derived endophytic bacterial pool provides a microbiome platform for seed dormancy and germination research of edible peas, as well as for digging new biofertilizer resources in general. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Review Paper in "Applied Microbiology" Section)
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13 pages, 2062 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterococcus spp.: A Retrospective Study in Hospitals of Southeast Romania
by Alina-Viorica Iancu, Manuela Arbune, Eliza-Andreea Zaharia, Dana Tutunaru, Nicoleta-Maricica Maftei, Lucian-Daniel Peptine, George Țocu and Gabriela Gurău
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 3866; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063866 - 17 Mar 2023
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Abstract
Enterococci cause infections with various localizations, the most common being urinary infections. The purpose of the study was to identify the profile of the antimicrobial resistance of enterococci species (AMRE) isolated from patients hospitalized in three hospitals in Romania. We evaluated AMRE retrospectively [...] Read more.
Enterococci cause infections with various localizations, the most common being urinary infections. The purpose of the study was to identify the profile of the antimicrobial resistance of enterococci species (AMRE) isolated from patients hospitalized in three hospitals in Romania. We evaluated AMRE retrospectively (2019–2021) in various biological samples. The microbiological diagnosis was sustained by classical methods of bacteria culture and automatic identification. The sensitivity testing was performed by the Kirby–Bauer method, and the antibiotic minimum inhibitory concentration was tested by the automated Vitek system. We analyzed 86 strains of Enterococcus spp., identifying the following species: 47.7% E. faecalis, 47.7% E. faecium, 3.55% E. gallinarum, and 1% E. hirae. Most of the bacterial strains were isolated from urocultures (38.4%) and hemocultures (32.6%). Overall, the rate of vancomycin resistance was 5.8% for E. faecalis and 15.1%. for E. faecium. The prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains was found to be 100% in E. gallinarum, 75.6% in E. faecium, and 21.9% in E. faecalis. The results confirm the high level of AMRE, which creates difficulties with adequate antibiotic prescriptions. The continuous monitoring of AMRE is essential for updating the local diagnostic and treatment protocols for enterococcal infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Review Paper in "Applied Microbiology" Section)
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