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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Disease
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Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Disease

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2023) | Viewed by 12463

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Aranzazu M. De Marañón

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cancer Research@UCC, College of Medicine and Health, University College Cork, T12 HY8E Cork, Ireland
Interests: mitochondria; metabolic diseases; cancer drug resistance; autophagy; mitophagy; inflammation
Dr. Celia Banuls

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Dr Peset-FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain
Interests: oxidative stress; metabolism; obesity; mitochondria; inflammation; functional foods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dysregulations of the metabolism are a common shared feature of different diseases. In some diseases, such as diabetes, these are at the very basis of the pathogenic process; in others, such as cancer, it is part of the disease development. However, in all cases, metabolic dysregulation is linked to the generation of cellular oxidative stress, which interferes with normal cellular function and promotes disease progression.

Different mechanisms have been proposed as main sources of oxidative stress: mitochondrial dysfunction, excess of glycolytic metabolism, activation of the innate and adaptative inflammation pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress and hypoxia are all among those driving factors. Which of these is the ruling pathway in a particular disease is key to understanding its pathophysiology. Moreover, modulating the activation of those pathways could provide new therapeutic opportunities.  

This Special Issue will be focusing on the importance of oxidative stress in most diseases as a driving mechanism or a promoter of disease progression. We cordially invite you to submit your latest findings and contribute to this field of knowledge by submitting reviews or research articles.

Dr. Aranzazu M. De Marañón
Dr. Celia Banuls
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammation
  • redox stress
  • metabolic disease
  • mitochondrial function
  • obesity
  • diabetes
  • cancer
  • dyslipidaemia
  • metabolic syndrome
  • stress pathways
  • hypoxia

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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27 pages, 7289 KiB  
Article
Enhancement of Antioxidant and Anti-Glycation Properties of Beeswax Alcohol in Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein: Safeguarding against Carboxymethyllysine Toxicity in Zebrafish
by Kyung-Hyun Cho, Seung-Hee Baek, Hyo-Seon Nam and Ashutosh Bahuguna
Antioxidants 2023, 12(12), 2116; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122116 - 14 Dec 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2746
Abstract
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities of beeswax alcohol (BWA) are well reported in animal and human clinical studies, with a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood, reduced liver steatosis, and decreased insulin. However, there has been insufficient information to explain BWAs [...] Read more.
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities of beeswax alcohol (BWA) are well reported in animal and human clinical studies, with a significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) in the blood, reduced liver steatosis, and decreased insulin. However, there has been insufficient information to explain BWAs in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity owing to its limited solubility in an aqueous buffer system. Herein, three distinct reconstituted high-density lipoproteins (rHDL) were prepared with palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC), cholesterol, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), and BWA at molar ratios of 95:5:1:0 (rHDL-0), 95:5:1:0.5 (rHDL-0.5), and 95:5:1:1 (rHDL-1) and examined for antioxidant and anti-glycation effects. A rHDL containing BWA, precisely rHDL-1, displayed a remarkable anti-glycation effect against fructose (final 250 mM), induced glycation of HDL, and prevented proteolytic degradation of apoA-I. Also, BWA incorporated rHDL-0.5, and rHDL-1 displayed substantial antioxidant activity by inhibiting cupric ion-mediated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation. In contrast to rHDL-0, a 20 and 22% enhancement in ferric ion reduction ability (FRA) and paraoxonase (PON) activity was observed in HDL treated with rHDL-1, signifying the effect of BWA on the antioxidant activity enhancement of HDL. rHDL-1 efficiently inhibits Nε-carboxylmethyllysine (CML)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis in zebrafish embryos, consequently improving embryo survivability and developmental deformities impaired by the CML. The dermal application of rHDL-1 to the CML-impaired cutaneous wound of the adult zebrafish inhibited ROS production and displayed potent wound-healing activity. Conclusively, incorporating BWA in rHDL significantly enhanced the anti-glycation and antioxidant activities in rHDL via more stabilization of apoA-I with a larger particle size. The rHDL containing BWA facilitated the inherent antioxidant ability of HDL to suppress the CML-induced toxicities in zebrafish embryos and ameliorate CML-aggravated chronic wounds in adult zebrafish. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Disease)
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17 pages, 3320 KiB  
Article
Ramon Flour (Brosimum alicastrum Swartz) Ameliorates Hepatic Lipid Accumulation, Induction of AMPK Phosphorylation, and Expression of the Hepatic Antioxidant System in a High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model
by Trinidad Eugenia Cu-Cañetas, Laura A. Velázquez-Villegas, Mariana Manzanilla-Franco, Teresa del Rosario Ayora-Talavera, Juan José Acevedo-Fernández, Enrique Barbosa-Martín, Claudia C. Márquez-Mota, Adriana M. López-Barradas, Lilia G. Noriega, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solís and Azalia Avila-Nava
Antioxidants 2023, 12(11), 1957; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12111957 - 2 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2913
Abstract
Excessive consumption of fat and carbohydrates, together with a decrease in traditional food intake, has been related to obesity and the development of metabolic alterations. Ramon seed is a traditional Mayan food used to obtain Ramon flour (RF) with high biological value in [...] Read more.
Excessive consumption of fat and carbohydrates, together with a decrease in traditional food intake, has been related to obesity and the development of metabolic alterations. Ramon seed is a traditional Mayan food used to obtain Ramon flour (RF) with high biological value in terms of protein, fiber, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. However, few studies have evaluated the beneficial effects of RF. Thus, we aimed to determine the metabolic effects of RF consumption on a high-fat-diet-induced obesity mouse model. We divided male BALB/c mice into four groups (n = 5 each group) and fed them for 90 days with the following diets: Control (C): control diet (AIN-93), C + RF: control diet adjusted with 25% RF, HFD: high-fat diet + 5% sugar in water, and HFD + RF: high-fat diet adjusted with 25% RF + 5% sugar in water. The RF prevented the increase in serum total cholesterol (TC) and alanine transaminase (ALT) that occurred in the C and HFD groups. Notably, RF together with HFD increased serum polyphenols and antioxidant activity, and it promoted a decrease in the adipocyte size in white adipose tissue, along with lower hepatic lipid accumulation than in the HFD group. In the liver, the HFD + RF group showed an increase in the expression of β-oxidation-related genes, and downregulation of the fatty acid synthase (Fas) gene compared with the HFD group. Moreover, the HFD + RF group had increased hepatic phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), along with increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression compared with the HFD group. Thus, RF may be used as a nutritional strategy to decrease metabolic alterations during obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Disease)
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16 pages, 21608 KiB  
Article
Pharmacological and Genetic Suppression of VDAC1 Alleviates the Development of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Endothelial and Fibroblast Cell Cultures upon Hyperglycemic Conditions
by Konstantin N. Belosludtsev, Dmitriy A. Serov, Anna I. Ilzorkina, Vlada S. Starinets, Mikhail V. Dubinin, Eugeny Yu. Talanov, Maxim N. Karagyaur, Alexandra L. Primak and Natalia V. Belosludtseva
Antioxidants 2023, 12(7), 1459; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12071459 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2844
Abstract
Prolonged hyperglycemia related to diabetes and its complications leads to multiple cellular disorders, the central one being the dysfunction of mitochondria. Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) of the outer mitochondrial membrane control the metabolic, ionic, and energy cross-talk between mitochondria and the rest of [...] Read more.
Prolonged hyperglycemia related to diabetes and its complications leads to multiple cellular disorders, the central one being the dysfunction of mitochondria. Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC) of the outer mitochondrial membrane control the metabolic, ionic, and energy cross-talk between mitochondria and the rest of the cell and serve as the master regulators of mitochondrial functions. Here, we have investigated the effect of pharmacological suppression of VDAC1 by the newly developed inhibitor of its oligomerization, VBIT-4, in the primary culture of mouse lung endotheliocytes and downregulated expression of VDAC1 in human skin fibroblasts on the progression of mitochondrial dysfunction upon hyperglycemic stress. The cells were grown in high-glucose media (30 mM) for 36 h. In response to hyperglycemia, the mRNA level of VDAC1 increased in endotheliocytes and decreased in human skin fibroblasts. Hyperglycemia induced overproduction of mitochondrial ROS, an increase in the susceptibility of the organelles to mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore opening and a drop in mitochondrial membrane potential, which was accompanied by a decrease in cell viability in both cultures. Treatment of endotheliocytes with 5 µM VBIT-4 abolished the hyperglycemia-induced increase in susceptibility to spontaneous opening of the MPT pore and ROS generation in mitochondria. Silencing of VDAC1 expression in human skin fibroblasts exposed to high glucose led to a less pronounced manifestation of all the signs of damage to mitochondria. Our data identify a mitochondria-related response to pharmacological and genetic suppression of VDAC activity in vascular cells in hyperglycemia and suggest the potential therapeutic value of targeting these channels for the treatment of diabetic vasculopathies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Disease)
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36 pages, 3108 KiB  
Systematic Review
Genetic and Transcriptomic Background of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Therapies in Late Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
by Gašper Tonin, Vita Dolžan and Jasna Klen
Antioxidants 2024, 13(3), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030277 - 24 Feb 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3106
Abstract
This systematic review extensively investigated the role of the genetic and transcriptomic factors in late complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the current approaches targeting oxidative-stress-related pathways with antioxidant therapies. To cover our broad research area, we have conducted two systematic [...] Read more.
This systematic review extensively investigated the role of the genetic and transcriptomic factors in late complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the current approaches targeting oxidative-stress-related pathways with antioxidant therapies. To cover our broad research area, we have conducted two systematic searches, the first focusing on genetic and transcriptomic factors affecting oxidative stress and the second one focusing on the antioxidant therapies in late complications of T2DM. The final review included 33 genetic and transcriptomic studies and 23 interventional randomized clinical trials. The conducted systematic review highlights the important role of oxidative stress in the development of late complications in T2DM patients. However, the current level of evidence does not support the use of genetic and transcriptomic factors as predictive and prognostic biomarkers for the development of T2DM late complications. Further studies are needed to elucidate the potential of targeting oxidative-stress-related pathways for novel preventative and therapeutic approaches. Additionally, antioxidants both in dietary and supplement form have been shown to improve different metabolic and biochemical parameters in T2DM patients with developed late complications. In recent years, studies have improved in methodological quality despite still mainly focusing on microvascular late complications of T2DM. Furthermore, the observed interventional studies suggest non-homogeneity in the duration of observation. As many studies do not provide post-intervention follow-up testing, it is difficult to assess the long-term health benefits of antioxidant supplementation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Disease)
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