Role of Antioxidants in the Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 1972

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Microbiology and Virology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy
Interests: immunology; microbiology; nutrition; mucosal immunity; nutraceuticals; polyphenols; pathology; obesity; cytokines
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E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
2. Microbiology and Virology Unit, Policlinico University, Rome, Italy
Interests: human microbiota; clinical microbiology; infectious diseases; host-microbe interactions; anti-microbial resistance; probiotics; microbial by-products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and thus contributing to the maintenance of human health. However, factors such as gender, age, and lifestyle (e.g., physical activity, diet) influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota, leading to several diseases (e.g., cardiovascular disease) and immune-related disorders. Physical activity changes the gut microbiota's composition, increasing the bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids. These metabolites exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects that can improve intestinal barrier function, reduce endotoxemia, and enhance cardiovascular function. This can be facilitated through a high dietary intake of natural products with antioxidant properties. Similarly, alterations in microbial diversity and richness are associated with low-grade systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly in the elderly population. In this Special Issue, we will explore the relationship between the gut microbiota, physical activity, cardiovascular diseases, diet, and the effects of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants in reducing oxidative stress.

Dr. Thea Magrone
Prof. Dr. Luigi Santacroce
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • antioxidants
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • diet
  • gut microbiota
  • physical activity
  • signalling pathways
  • senescence

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

28 pages, 645 KB  
Review
Antioxidants, Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Programming: Unraveling a Triad of Early-Life Interactions
by Chien-Ning Hsu, Ying-Jui Lin, Chih-Yao Hou, Yu-Wei Chen, Guo-Ping Chang-Chien, Shu-Fen Lin and You-Lin Tain
Antioxidants 2025, 14(9), 1049; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14091049 - 26 Aug 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1763
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of global mortality, despite advances in adult-focused prevention and therapy. Mounting evidence supports the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) paradigm, which identifies early-life exposures as critical determinants of long-term cardiovascular health. Among the key [...] Read more.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of global mortality, despite advances in adult-focused prevention and therapy. Mounting evidence supports the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) paradigm, which identifies early-life exposures as critical determinants of long-term cardiovascular health. Among the key mechanistic pathways, oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis have emerged as central, interrelated contributors to cardiovascular programming. Prenatal and postnatal insults can induce sustained redox imbalance and disrupt microbial homeostasis. This disruption creates a feed-forward loop that predisposes offspring to CVD later in life. Antioxidants offer a promising reprogramming strategy by targeting both oxidative stress and gut microbiota composition. Preclinical studies demonstrate that maternal antioxidant interventions—such as vitamins, amino acids, melatonin, polyphenols, N-acetylcysteine, and synthetic agents—can restore redox homeostasis, modulate gut microbial communities, and attenuate cardiovascular risk in offspring. This review synthesizes current evidence on how oxidative stress and gut microbiota act together to shape cardiovascular trajectories. It also examines how antioxidant-based therapies may disrupt this pathological axis during critical developmental windows. Although human data remain limited due to ethical and practical constraints, advancing microbiota-targeted antioxidant interventions may offer a transformative approach to prevent CVD at its origins. Full article
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