Oxidative/Nitrosative Stress and Antioxidant Strategies in Inflammatory Respiratory Diseases

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2026) | Viewed by 1780

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Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
Interests: rare respiratory diseases; alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency; primary ciliary dyskinesia; cystic fibrosis; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammatory respiratory diseases include, among others, COPD, asthma, interstitial lung diseases, and infectious diseases of the airways. The pathophysiology of these diseases is not fully understood. However, numerous studies have shown that oxidative/nitrosative stress plays an important role in developing these pathologies, which leads to the rationale for using antioxidant strategies to treat these diseases.

Although preclinical studies have shown that antioxidant therapies may be useful in treating these diseases, none of these strategies have demonstrated efficacy in clinical practice. These data suggest that it is necessary to deepen our understanding of the molecular processes related to oxidative/nitrosative stress involved in tissue damage in respiratory inflammatory diseases. This Special Issue aims to collect original research articles, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews with meta-analyses related to oxidative/nitrosative stress and antioxidant strategies in respiratory inflammatory diseases. Both pre-clinical and clinical research studies are welcome. Articles discussing new drugs and/or new drug delivery systems targeting oxidative/nitrosative stress are highly encouraged.

Prof. Dr. Francisco Dasí
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • antioxidant therapies
  • respiratory diseases

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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18 pages, 1225 KB  
Systematic Review
Antioxidants as Therapeutic Tools in the Management of COPD: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
by Manuel López-Denis, Bernardo Cálamo-Guzmán, Silvia Castillo-Corullón, Joaquín Carrasco-Luna, María José Herrero, Cruz González-Villaescusa, Jaime Signes-Costa and Francisco Dasí
Antioxidants 2026, 15(4), 446; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox15040446 - 2 Apr 2026
Viewed by 767
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Beyond established risk factors such as smoking and exposure to pollutants increasing evidence emphasizes the role of oxidative stress (OS) in COPD pathophysiology. OS contributes to chronic inflammation, to [...] Read more.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Beyond established risk factors such as smoking and exposure to pollutants increasing evidence emphasizes the role of oxidative stress (OS) in COPD pathophysiology. OS contributes to chronic inflammation, to the progression of the disease and affects both lung function and exacerbations, which opens a rationale for the use of antioxidant and redox-modulating substances in the treatment of the disease. Although numerous substances with antioxidant capacity have been evaluated in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), their clinical relevance remains uncertain. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effects of these therapies in COPD. Also, a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects on exacerbations was performed. Nineteen RCTs meet the eligibility criteria and were included in the study. Quantitative analyses were performed using random-effects models. N-acetylcysteine-based interventions were associated with a significant reduction in exacerbation risk (risk ratio 0.80; 95% confidence interval 0.66–0.98), corresponding to a 20% relative reduction. No study reported serious adverse effects. These findings suggest that antioxidant-based strategies may have clinically meaningful benefits in COPD. However, larger, more robust RCTs are required to confirm these results and establish optimal therapeutic strategies. Full article
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