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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Effect of Antimicrobials on Fungal Biofilms
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Effect of Antimicrobials on Fungal Biofilms

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiofilm Strategies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2024) | Viewed by 5559

Special Issue Editors

Dr. José António Baptista Machado Soares

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Microbiology Institute, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Quito, Ecuador
Interests: diagnosis of pathogens; biofilms; biomedical engineering; clinical and forensic analytical toxicology; development of methodologies; virulence of microorganisms
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Sadri Znaidi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Institut Pasteur International Network, LR16IPT01, Tunis, Tunisia
2. Department of Mycology, Fungal Biology & Pathogenicity, Paris, France
Interests: molecular mycology; antifungal agents; antifungal drug resistance; host-fungal interactions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial resistance and the ability to establish biofilms by fungi represent a significant burden on the public health system and worldwide. The use of broad-spectrum antifungals, parenteral nutrition, indwelling catheters, the presence of immunosuppression, or the disruption of mucosal barriers (due to surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy) are among the most important predisposing factors for invasive fungal infection. Fungal infection is one of the most common causes of nosocomial bacteremia in patients, requiring intensive care, and fungal biofilm are in the clinical settings.

Traditional antifungal therapies are unable to fully eradicate the fungal biofilm; unfortunately, this often leads to high recurrence rates of infections among patients and an increased mortality rate. To overcome antifungal therapy failure and recurrence of fungal infections, new strategies, including antiseptics, probiotics, endolysins, and essential oils, have been proposed to treat fungal biofilms. This Special Issue seeks manuscript submissions that improve our understanding of the impact of fungal biofilm on antimicrobial resistance and alternative therapies against them. Submissions on the response of fungal pathogens to novel strategies used to treat fungal biofilms are especially encouraged.

Dr. José António Baptista Machado Soares
Dr. Sadri Znaidi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fungi
  • biofilms
  • antifungal resistance
  • alternative therapies
  • nosocomial infections
  • treatments

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1420 KiB  
Article
Voriconazole Admixed with PMMA—Impact on Mechanical Properties and Efficacy
by Barbara Krampitz, Julia Steiner, Andrej Trampuz and Klaus-Dieter Kühn
Antibiotics 2023, 12(5), 848; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12050848 - 4 May 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2196
Abstract
Background: There are currently no recommendations to direct the optimal diagnosis and treatment of fungal osteoarticular infections, including prosthetic joint infections and osteomyelitis. Active agents (fluconazole; amphotericin B) are regularly applied per os or intravenously. Other drugs such as voriconazole are used less [...] Read more.
Background: There are currently no recommendations to direct the optimal diagnosis and treatment of fungal osteoarticular infections, including prosthetic joint infections and osteomyelitis. Active agents (fluconazole; amphotericin B) are regularly applied per os or intravenously. Other drugs such as voriconazole are used less frequently, especially locally. Voriconazole is less toxic and has promising results. Local antifungal medication during primary surgical treatment has been investigated by implanting an impregnated PMMA cement spacer using intra-articular powder or by daily intra-articular lavage. The admixed dosages are rarely based on characteristic values and microbiological and mechanical data. The purpose of this in vitro study is to investigate the mechanical stability and efficacy of antifungal-admixed PMMA with admixed voriconazole at low and high concentrations. Methods: Mechanical properties (ISO 5833 and DIN 53435) as well as efficacy with inhibition zone tests with two Candida spp. were investigated. We tested three separate cement bodies at each measuring time (n = 3) Results: Mixing high dosages of voriconazole causes white specks on inhomogeneous cement surfaces. ISO compression, ISO bending, and DIN impact were significantly reduced, and ISO bending modulus increased. There was a high efficacy against C. albicans with low and high voriconazole concentrations. Against C. glabrata, a high concentration of voriconazole was significantly more efficient than a dose at a low concentration. Conclusions: Mixing voriconazole powder with PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) powder homogeneously is not easy because of the high amount of dry voriconazole in the powder formulation. Adding voriconazole (a powder for infusion solutions) has a high impact on its mechanical properties. Efficacy is already good at low concentrations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Antimicrobials on Fungal Biofilms)
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Review

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16 pages, 1426 KiB  
Review
Essential Oils against Candida auris—A Promising Approach for Antifungal Activity
by Adam Kowalczyk
Antibiotics 2024, 13(6), 568; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13060568 - 19 Jun 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2728
Abstract
The emergence of Candida auris as a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen represents a significant global health challenge, especially given the growing issue of antifungal drug resistance. This review aims to illuminate the potential of essential oils (EOs), which are volatile plant secretions containing complex [...] Read more.
The emergence of Candida auris as a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen represents a significant global health challenge, especially given the growing issue of antifungal drug resistance. This review aims to illuminate the potential of essential oils (EOs), which are volatile plant secretions containing complex mixtures of chemicals, as alternative antifungal agents to combat C. auris, thus combining traditional insights with contemporary scientific findings to address this critical health issue. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from 2019 to 2024, and using the Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) protocol to identify relevant studies on the antifungal efficacy of EOs or their components against C. auris. Of the 90 articles identified, 16 were selected for detailed review. The findings highlight the diverse mechanisms of action of EOs and their components, such as disrupting fungal cell membranes, inducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and impeding biofilm formation, suggesting that some of them may be as effective as, or better than, traditional antifungal drugs while potentially limiting the development of resistance. However, issues such as variability in the composition of EOs and a paucity of clinical trials have been identified as significant obstacles. In conclusion, EOs and their active ingredients are emerging as viable candidates for creating effective treatments for C. auris, underscoring their importance as alternative or complementary antifungal agents in the face of increasing drug resistance. The call for future research underscores the need for clinical trials and standardization to unlock the full antifungal potential of EOs against C. auris. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effect of Antimicrobials on Fungal Biofilms)
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