Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Animal Anesthesiology
A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2025 | Viewed by 11377
Special Issue Editor
Interests: pharmacokinetics; antibiotics; anesthetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
Anesthesia is the state of immobilization and elimination of pain, which is essential to all surgical procedures. The ideal anesthetic preserves cardiac output and other physiologic parameters, provides intraoperative analgesia that extends to the postoperative period, and is reversible and safe for the patient, operator, and environment. A variety of anesthetic agents are available for experimental surgery and may be administered parenterally or by inhalation.
Pharmacokinetics explains what happens to a drug in the body, whereas pharmacodynamics describes the actions produced by the drug in the body. Therefore, the effects of a drug result from a combination of its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics in the individual. Wherever possible, drug administration should be based on a measured patient response, which will incorporate both of these aspects of its pharmacology.
Often, there are few registered drugs for minor or exotic species, which causes the use of different drugs under exceptional prescription by adapting or extrapolating the recommended dosage from major species. This extrapolation can cause potential overdosing or underdosing, with the risks of toxicity or clinical unsuccess.
The aim of this Special Issue is to publish original research papers or reviews about the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of anesthetics in animals.
We invite you to share your recent findings through this Special Issue.
Dr. Pedro Marín Carrillo
Guest Editor
Manuscript Submission Information
Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.
Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.
Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.
Keywords
- pharmacodynamics
- pharmacokinetics
- anesthesia
- sedation
- monitoring
- recovery
Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue
- Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
- Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
- Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
- External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
- e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.
Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.
Planned Papers
The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.
Title: Determining the Pharmacokinetic Properties of Two Different Doses of Meloxicam in Barred Owls (Strix varia) Undergoing Rehabilitation
Authors: Mark A. Mitchell
Affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
Abstract: Anthropogenic activities have negatively affected the lives of many birds, including owls. These interactions have led to a rise in cases being admitted to wildlife rehabilitation facilities, especially with traumatic injuries. For example, the Wildlife Hospital of Louisiana has seen a > two-fold increase in barred owls (Strix varia) presented over the past five years (2020, 95; 2014, 42). Because most of these animals present with traumatic injuries, it is essential that analgesics are included as a component of their treatment plan. To date, there have been no studies evaluating analgesics in barred owls. It is important to pursue evidence-based research to guide clinicians and ensure best treatment practices so that these animals can be successfully rehabilitated for release. The goals of this study were to determine the harmonic means, times to maximum concentration, and elimination half-lives for single intramuscular doses of 1.0 mg/kg and 2.0 mg/kg meloxicam. Our hypotheses were that both doses would be safe and provide adequate plasma concentrations of meloxicam, but that there would be significant differences in the pharmacokinetics between doses. Barred owls admitted to the Wildlife Hospital of Louisiana and undergoing rehabilitation were recruited for this study. Dosing was randomly assigned. All birds were clinically normal based on examination and complete blood counts. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein 15 minutes prior to meloxicam administration and at 30, 45, 60-, 120-, 240-, and 720-minutes post-meloxicam. Samples were placed in lithium heparin tubes and plasma removed following sample centrifugation. Samples were stored at -80oC until being analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. There was a significant difference in the maximum concentrations between the 1 and 2 mg/kg doses, but neither achieved therapeutic concentrations after 4 hours. These findings suggest pharmacokinetic studies for meloxicam need to be done on a species-by-species basis.