Infection Immunity, Diagnosis and Prevention of Avian Influenza

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 August 2025 | Viewed by 744

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Interests: avian influenza; virus; poultry immunity

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Pirbright Institute, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
Interests: avian influenza virus host range; pathogenesis; evolution; innate immunity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce an upcoming Special Issue on ‘Infection Immunity, Diagnosis, and Prevention of Avian Influenza’. Avian influenza continues to be a significant global health threat with the potential to cause widespread outbreaks in both animals and humans. The immune response to avian influenza viruses is complex, involving both innate and adaptive immunity. Key areas of interest include the mechanisms by which various avian influenza virus strains evade immune detection and the differential host immune response to virus infection. In addition, there is a increasing need for improved diagnostic tools that can rapidly detect avian influenza viruses, especially in resource-limited settings where timely and accurate diagnosis is critical for outbreak control. The development of vaccines and antiviral agents that provide broad protection against various avian influenza strains remains a top priority for researchers and public health officials. This Special Issue aims to bring together the latest research in these areas to improve our understanding and management of avian influenza.

We invite submissions on, but not limited to, the following topics related to avian influenza:

  • Molecular and cellular mechanisms of infection: Understanding how avian influenza viruses infect host cells, replicate, and cause disease, with a focus on virus–host interactions and immune modulation.
  • Immunity to avian influenza: Investigations into the immune response to infection, including the roles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, antibodies, and the cytokine response.
  • Cross-species transmission and evolution: Research on how avian influenza viruses evolve and adapt to new hosts.
  • Diagnostic technologies for avian influenza: Advances in molecular, serological, and imaging-based diagnostic methods for detecting avian influenza in poultry and wildlife, including rapid and field-based testing techniques.
  • Vaccine development and prevention strategies: Novel approaches to developing vaccines that provide broad protection against diverse avian influenza strains.
  • Surveillance and epidemiology: Global surveillance strategies to monitor avian influenza outbreaks, track virus spread, and assess risk factors for new outbreaks.

We encourage original research articles, reviews, and perspectives that address these key areas. Contributions that bring new insights into avian influenza’s immunology, diagnosis, and prevention are particularly welcome.

Dr. Manman Dai
Dr. Jiayun Yang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • avian influenza
  • immune response
  • virus–host interactions
  • diagnostic methods
  • vaccine development
  • zoonotic transmission
  • epidemiology
  • surveillance

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 1228 KiB  
Article
Development of a Monoclonal Antibody Against Duck IFN-γ Protein and the Application for Intracellular Cytokine Staining
by Yingyi Chen, Wei Song, Junqiang Chen, Chenyang Jin, Jiewei Lin, Ming Liao and Manman Dai
Animals 2025, 15(6), 815; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15060815 - 13 Mar 2025
Viewed by 516
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a member of the Type II IFN family, is a crucial cytokine in the immune system and serves as an important indicator of immune response. Intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) is a technique used to analyze the production of cytokines within individual [...] Read more.
Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a member of the Type II IFN family, is a crucial cytokine in the immune system and serves as an important indicator of immune response. Intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) is a technique used to analyze the production of cytokines within individual cells, and it has a wide range of applications in the fields of immunological monitoring, vaccine trials, and the study of infectious diseases. This study aimed to prepare monoclonal antibodies against duck IFN-γ protein and to establish an ICS protocol for detecting the duck IFN-γ protein. The duIFN-γ-His or duIFN-γ-Fc gene was cloned into the pEE12.4 expression vector and expressed as a recombinant protein of size 20.2 KDa or 54.9 KDa in 293F cells. The purified recombinant proteins were inoculated into BALB/c mice to generate splenic lymphocytes capable of secreting anti-duIFN-γ antibodies, and hybridoma cells were obtained after fusion with SP2/0 cells. A new hybridoma cell line named 24H4, which stably secreted IgG3 κ subtype antibody against duck IFN-γ, was established. This monoclonal antibody (mAb) was identified by Western blot to recognize duck IFN-γ antibodies, and the indirect ELISA results showed that its ability to recognize IFN-γ protein reached 0.001 μg/mL. The established ICS method was used to stain PBMCs after Concanavalin A (ConA) stimulation, and duck IFN-γ protein was successfully detected by flow cytometry, indicating that the ICS method was successful. In this study, we provide a crucial tool for subsequent research on duck cellular immune responses by using the monoclonal antibody 24H4. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infection Immunity, Diagnosis and Prevention of Avian Influenza)
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