Soil Nutrient Dynamics in Agriculture: Cycling, Chemistry and Climate Resilience

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil and Plant Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2027 | Viewed by 884

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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to advancing the understanding of soil nutrient dynamics in the context of environmental stress and sustainable agricultural development. Soil nutrient dynamics constitute a key component of agroecosystem functioning, determining both agricultural productivity and environmental quality. Under increasing climate change pressures, there is a growing need for a deeper and more quantitative understanding of the links between nutrient cycling and the resilience of soil–plant systems to environmental stress.

This Special Issue focuses on two main complementary research pillars:

(i) Coupling nutrient cycling with measurable climate resilience indicators, such as yield stability, nutrient use efficiency, and reductions in nutrient losses;

(ii) The application of innovative materials and technologies in nutrient management, including waste-derived materials, engineered sorbents (e.g., biochar, zeolites), and advanced modeling approaches (process-based and machine learning).

To ensure high scientific quality and thematic coherence, priority will be given to studies based on:

  • Field experiments and long-term (multi-year) pot experiments;
  • Integrative approaches and process-based modeling;
  • System-level assessments considering soil–plant–environment interactions.

The following are out of scope:

  • Short-term studies;
  • Purely laboratory-based experiments without validation under conditions reflecting real system functioning.

Topics of interest include:

  • Nutrient cycling linked to measurable resilience indicators in agricultural systems;
  • Nutrient losses (e.g., leaching) and mitigation strategies;
  • Application of waste-derived and engineered materials (e.g., biochar, zeolites) in nutrient management;
  • Coupling of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles under environmental stress;
  • Soil–plant interactions influencing nutrient use efficiency;
  • Process-based and data-driven modeling approaches in nutrient dynamics research.

This Special Issue aims to provide a coherent and high-quality collection of studies supporting the development of efficient and resilient nutrient management systems in agriculture.

Dr. Monika Mierzwa-Hersztek
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • soil nutrient dynamics
  • nutrient cycling
  • soil chemistry
  • biogeochemical processes
  • climate resilience
  • sustainable agriculture
  • nutrient use efficiency
  • soil health
  • organic amendments
  • soil–plant–microbe interactions

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

25 pages, 7269 KB  
Article
Agricultural and Hydrogeochemical Controls on Nitrate and Sulfate in a Karst Surface Water–Groundwater System
by Haowen Liu, Longxinyue Qin, Ailin Zhan, Shuang Liu, Qiang Li, Lin Zhang, Cuishan Liu and Junliang Jin
Agronomy 2026, 16(13), 1281; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy16131281 - 2 Jul 2026
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 604
Abstract
Agricultural karst watersheds are highly vulnerable to nutrient loss because strong surface water–groundwater (SW–GW) connectivity can rapidly transfer nitrogen and sulfur species from soils, agricultural activities, and human settlements into aquatic systems. However, the coupled behavior and contrasting controls of nitrate (NO3 [...] Read more.
Agricultural karst watersheds are highly vulnerable to nutrient loss because strong surface water–groundwater (SW–GW) connectivity can rapidly transfer nitrogen and sulfur species from soils, agricultural activities, and human settlements into aquatic systems. However, the coupled behavior and contrasting controls of nitrate (NO3) and sulfate (SO42−) in such agroecosystems remain insufficiently understood, limiting effective nutrient and groundwater-quality management. In this study, a typical karst agricultural watershed in Southwest China was selected to investigate the sources, transformation processes, and transport pathways of NO3 and SO42− under strong SW–GW interactions. During the rainy season, 44 groundwater and 40 surface water samples were collected for major hydrochemical and nitrate–sulfate stable isotope analyses. An integrated framework combining hydrochemical analysis, self-organizing maps (SOM), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and MixSIAR were used to identify dominant sources, quantify source contributions, and clarify controlling processes. The results showed that groundwater was mainly characterized by carbonate-controlled Ca-HCO3 facies, whereas surface water exhibited higher mineralization and a shift toward Ca-SO4 facies, indicating stronger external inputs and rapid hydrological responses. Nitrate was primarily controlled by external nitrogen inputs, with manure and sewage and soil nitrogen contributing 39–62% and 16–33%, respectively. Nitrate was also regulated by nitrification under oxic conditions, while denitrification was negligible. In contrast, sulfate was predominantly governed by geogenic processes, with sulfide oxidation contributing 63–83%, while other sources were minor. These contrasting controls resulted in distinct spatial and process behaviors: nitrate showed source-driven variability associated with agricultural and domestic inputs, whereas sulfate displayed process-driven accumulation mainly controlled by water–rock interactions. Strong SW–GW connectivity enhanced the transfer of anthropogenic nutrient signals, while subsurface mixing and buffering regulated their expression in groundwater and surface water. These findings demonstrate a clear decoupling between nitrate and sulfate controls in agricultural karst systems and provide a scientific basis for nutrient pollution control, groundwater protection, and sustainable agricultural water management in vulnerable karst regions. Full article
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