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Agriculture
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Advances in Agrometeorology and Climatology
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Advances in Agrometeorology and Climatology

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Ecosystem, Environment and Climate Change in Agriculture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2023) | Viewed by 10309

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Swatantra Kumar Dubey

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
Interests: agriculture; climate change; water–energy–food nexus; crop production; water and soil analysis; sustainability; remote sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Pankaj Kumar Gupta

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Wetland Hydrology Research Laboratory, Faculty of Environment, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
Interests: soil and groundwater pollution; fate and transport of napls; multiphase flow; remediation, restoration, and management of polluted sites; soil microbiome; wetland hydrology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, as the global population has grown, there has been an exponential increase in the requirement to produce nutritious food that is safe to eat and of high quality. Acting on several fronts, but primarily by introducing new technology in the agricultural and agri-food sectors, this expectation has been met with success. Buildings for agriculture, livestock, agro-industries, and agrarian infrastructure are being constructed in this context using sophisticated designs that integrate environmental, landscape, and occupational safety; new building materials; new facilities; mechanization; and cutting-edge automatic systems. Crop production must also be accomplished sustainably, without harming the environment or decreasing farmers' income. However, given the expected level of climate change, agricultural productivity will become more vulnerable, with projected effects depending on the geographic area being either favorable or unfavorable. Many techniques, including process-based models, agro-ecosystem models, and statistical models based on historical data, have been used to study the effects and adaptations.

Original research and reviews on the relationships between agriculture, ecosystems, the environment, and climate change are the main topics of this Special Issue. Studies on the efficient and sustainable use of resources, the optimization of agricultural processes, the assessment and mitigation of environmental impact, and the sustainable exploitation of by-products and waste are all welcome within this framework, as are manuscripts on other related topics in the form of both specialized and interdisciplinary manuscripts.

Dr. Swatantra Kumar Dubey
Dr. Pankaj Kumar Gupta
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agriculture is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • agriculture
  • climate change
  • impact assessment
  • precision agriculture and livestock
  • water–energy–food nexus
  • water management
  • soil management and weather prediction

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 5437 KiB  
Article
Air Frosts in Poland in the Thermal Growing Season (AT > 5 °C)
by Czesław Koźmiński, Agnieszka Mąkosza, Jadwiga Nidzgorska-Lencewicz and Bożena Michalska
Agriculture 2023, 13(6), 1228; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13061228 - 10 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1065
Abstract
Frosts cause damage to plants in field crops and also trees, thus contributing to heavy economic losses in agriculture. One of the consequences of climate warming is the lengthening of the thermal growing season (AT > 5 °C) and acceleration of phenological phases [...] Read more.
Frosts cause damage to plants in field crops and also trees, thus contributing to heavy economic losses in agriculture. One of the consequences of climate warming is the lengthening of the thermal growing season (AT > 5 °C) and acceleration of phenological phases as well as the lengthening of the frost-free period. This favourable element allows the extension of the range of cultivated plants to include plants requiring warmth and a longer development period. The present study concerns the area of Poland. The data on mean and minimum 24-h period air temperature (200 cm above ground level) were obtained from 52 meteorological stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB) for the period 1971–2020. A day with air frost was identified when the recorded minimum air temperature was below 0.0 °C and the mean 24-h period air temperature was above 0.0 °C. All calculations concerning frosts were limited to the period with mean 24-h period air temperature >5 °C (the growing season) as determined with the Gumiński method. The obtained results show that in the thermal growing season (AT > 5 °C) in Poland, no statistically significant change in the average number of days with air frosts in the period 1971–2020 was found. On average, in Poland, in the years 1971–2020, a lengthening of the thermal growing season by 6.2 days over 10 years was identified. Earlier disappearance of the latest air frosts in spring was identified as 2 to 3 days over 10 years, and the later occurrence of air frosts in autumn as 1 to 4 days over 10 years. The share of severe (−4.1°C ÷ −6.0 °C) and very severe (<−6.0 °C) frosts in the total number of days with air frosts in Poland amounts to, on average, 5.8% in spring and 2.6% in autumn. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Agrometeorology and Climatology)
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19 pages, 3833 KiB  
Article
Risk Assessment of Rice Damage Due to Heavy Rain in Taiwan
by Yuan-Chih Su and Bo-Jein Kuo
Agriculture 2023, 13(3), 630; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030630 - 06 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3153
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a crucial staple crop globally but is damaged under extreme precipitation. Risk assessment for heavy rain (HR) damage events is essential for developing strategies for adapting to climate change. In this study, weather and rice damage data [...] Read more.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a crucial staple crop globally but is damaged under extreme precipitation. Risk assessment for heavy rain (HR) damage events is essential for developing strategies for adapting to climate change. In this study, weather and rice damage data were used to assess the risk of HR damage events in Taiwan. These events were classified into nontyphoon-caused HR (NTCHR) and typhoon-caused HR (TCHR) events. The temporal, spatial, and weather characteristics of HR damage events were selected as risk factors for rice HR damage. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the effects of the selected risk factors on the occurrence and severity of HR damage events. The odds of an NTCHR damage event were 4.33 and 4.17 times higher in the reproductive and ripening stages, respectively, than during the vegetative stage. Moreover, each 1 mm increase in the maximum daily precipitation increased the odds of an NTCHR and TCHR damage event by 2% and 3%, respectively. In this study, the documentary data of damage events present a potential for assessment of weather damage event risk. Moreover, the risk of rice HR damage events in Taiwan is affected by not only weather but also temporal and spatial factors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Agrometeorology and Climatology)
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16 pages, 8036 KiB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Meteorological and Agricultural Droughts in China: Change Patterns and Causes
by Lusheng Li, Lili Zhao and Yanbin Li
Agriculture 2023, 13(2), 265; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020265 - 21 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1381
Abstract
Drought is complex and is also one of the main disasters affecting China. Exploring the response of agricultural drought and meteorological drought to climatic factors helps us to understand the causes of drought. In this paper, we evaluated the temporal and spatial characteristics [...] Read more.
Drought is complex and is also one of the main disasters affecting China. Exploring the response of agricultural drought and meteorological drought to climatic factors helps us to understand the causes of drought. In this paper, we evaluated the temporal and spatial characteristics of soil drought and meteorological drought (SMD) and explored their responses to climatic factors and latent heat fluxes (LHF), and then explained their variation from the perspective of atmospheric circulation. The following results were obtained. (1) Meteorological drought has gradually increased in the Liaohe River Basin, on the North China Plain, and on the Loess Plateau while average soil moisture has been maintained at only approximately 25%. The impacts of drought are very serious in these regions. (2) LHF response to short time-scale (3-month scale) drought performance is high in the dry season, and the regions with high correlation coefficients are spatially distributed and concentrated in the monsoon climate zone. The regions with high correlation coefficients between drought and LHFs on long time scales (12-month scale) are concentrated in the coastal basin of southeast China. (3) Short- and long-term SMDs showed highly responsive and significant relationships with PDO, showing variations in the southeast coastal basin, the Pearl River basin, the northwest inland basin and the eastern part of the Heilongjiang basin, with a maximum correlation coefficient of 0.21 (p < 0.01). The short-term SMD in the northwestern inland region was significantly negatively correlated with AMO (correlation coefficient of −0.19, p < 0.01). the Nino3.4 index is significantly positively correlated with the SMD in the southeast coastal region of China, with a maximum correlation coefficient of 0.23 (p < 0.01). The decrease in convective precipitation led to a stronger association between soil and meteorological drought and climatic factors. This study helps to reveal the changing patterns of SMDs and can also be used globally to identify the local development patterns of drought under climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Agrometeorology and Climatology)
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20 pages, 3588 KiB  
Article
Climatic Changes—A Challenge for the Bulgarian Farmers
by Veska Georgieva, Valentin Kazandjiev, Violeta Bozhanova, Galina Mihova, Dafinka Ivanova, Elena Todorovska, Zlatina Uhr, Mima Ilchovska, Dimitar Sotirov and Petia Malasheva
Agriculture 2022, 12(12), 2090; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122090 - 06 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1624
Abstract
Serious economic damages in many regions of the world were caused by the changes in agroclimatic resources during the last 2–3 decades. The Balkan Peninsula is much affected by the temperatures rising, changes in the distribution of precipitation, and the increasing frequency of [...] Read more.
Serious economic damages in many regions of the world were caused by the changes in agroclimatic resources during the last 2–3 decades. The Balkan Peninsula is much affected by the temperatures rising, changes in the distribution of precipitation, and the increasing frequency of extreme events—basically, droughts and frosts. Bulgarian agriculture is developed under various agrometeorological conditions. The climate of the country is characterized by the atmosphere and soil moisture deficit in the time of active crop vegetation and yield formation. The aim of this research is to assess the changes in agrometeorological conditions for the growth of the main grain crops and the possibilities for reaction through agro-technologies. Furthermore, the features of contemporary varieties and hybrids of spring and autumn cereals will be taken into account. The next important factor is the specific requirements for hydro-thermal conditions at different phenological phases of agricultural crop development, i.e., sums of the temperatures and precipitations. Agro-technologies react to tendencies in changing agrometeorological conditions. For the adaptation of agro-technologies, the maximum use of natural agroclimatic resources should be included in activities for overcoming unfavorable conditions, as well as the increased frequency of extreme events. A detailed assessment of the agrometeorological conditions is necessary to choose the suitable agro-technology activity. The analysis of the main meteorological elements—temperatures, precipitations, air humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation for thirty years (1986–2015) was used to assess the changes in agrometeorological conditions on agricultural lands in Bulgaria. Appropriate agro-technical activities for growing the main grain crops are proposed in accordance with the observed changes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Agrometeorology and Climatology)
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15 pages, 10680 KiB  
Article
Streamflow of the Betwa River under the Combined Effect of LU-LC and Climate Change
by Amit Kumar, Raghvender Pratap Singh, Swatantra Kumar Dubey and Kumar Gaurav
Agriculture 2022, 12(12), 2005; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12122005 - 25 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1640
Abstract
We estimate the combined effect of climate and landuse-landcover (LU-LC) change on the streamflow of the Betwa River; a semi-arid catchment in Central India. We have used the observed and future bias-corrected climatic datasets from 1980–2100. To assess the LU-LC change in the [...] Read more.
We estimate the combined effect of climate and landuse-landcover (LU-LC) change on the streamflow of the Betwa River; a semi-arid catchment in Central India. We have used the observed and future bias-corrected climatic datasets from 1980–2100. To assess the LU-LC change in the catchment, we have processed and classified the Landsat satellite images from 1990–2020. We have used Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based Cellular Automata (CA) model to simulate the future LU-LC. Further, we coupled the observed and projected LU-LC and climatic variables in the SWAT (Soil and water assessment tool) model to simulate the streamflow of the Betwa River. In doing so, we have setup this model for the observed (1980–2000 and 2001–2020) and projected (2023–2060 and 2061–2100) time periods by using the LU-LC of the years 1990, 2018, and 2040, 2070, respectively. We observed that the combined effect of climate and LU-LC change resulted in the reduction in the mean monsoon stream flow of the Betwa River by 16% during 2001–2020 as compared to 1982–2000. In all four CMIP6 climatic scenarios (SSP126, SSP245, SSP370, and SSP585), the mean monsoon stream flow is expected to decrease by 39–47% and 31–47% during 2023–2060 and 2061–2100, respectively as compared to the observed time period 1982–2020. Furthermore, average monsoon rainfall in the catchment will decrease by 30–35% during 2023–2060 and 23–30% during 2061–2100 with respect to 1982–2020. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Agrometeorology and Climatology)
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