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Environ. Earth Sci. Proc., 2025, ECAS-7

The 7th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences (ECAS-7)

Online | 4–6 June 2025

Volume Editor:

Prof. Dr. Anthony R. Lupo, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA

Number of Papers: 5

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Cover Story (view full-size image): The 7th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences (ECAS-7) was held online from 4 to 6 June 2025. The conference focused on a wide range of topics related to atmospheric science, [...] Read more.

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9 pages, 1436 KB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Insights into Air Quality Index (AQI) Variability with Explainable Machine Learning Techniques

by Claudio Andenna and Roberta Valentina Gagliardi

Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 34(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025034001 - 5 Aug 2025

Viewed by 299

Abstract

In this study, a combined approach joining the machine learning model Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) with Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) is adopted to simulate the temporal pattern of the air quality index (AQI) and subsequently explore the key factors affecting AQI variability. Based on the analysis of air pollutants and meteorological data acquired from two air quality monitoring stations in Rome (Italy), over the 2018–2022 period, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodological approach in elucidating the role of the main factors driving AQI evolution, and their interaction effects. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 7th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences (ECAS-7))

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7 pages, 337 KB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Exposure to PM_2.5 While Walking in the City Center

by Anna Mainka, Witold Nocoń, Aleksandra Malinowska, Julia Pfajfer, Edyta Komisarczyk and Pawel Wargocki

Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 34(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025034002 - 6 Aug 2025

Viewed by 230

Abstract

This study investigates personal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) during walking commutes in Gliwice, Poland—a city characterized by elevated levels of air pollution. Data from a low-cost air quality sensor were compared with a municipal monitoring station and the Silesian University of Technology laboratory. PM_2.5 concentrations recorded by the low-cost sensor (7.3 µg/m³) were lower than those reported by the stationary monitoring sites. The findings suggest that low-cost sensors may offer valuable insights into short-term peaks in PM_2.5 exposure to serve as a practical tool for increasing public awareness of personal exposure risks to protect respiratory health. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 7th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences (ECAS-7))

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10 pages, 1061 KB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Effect of Nitrogen Oxide Concentration Levels and Meteorological Variables on Ozone (O₃) Formation in the Petrochemical Industry Area in the Monterrey Metropolitan, Mexico

by Jailene Marlen Jaramillo-Perez, Bárbara A. Macías-Hernández, Edgar Tello-Leal and René Ventura-Houle

Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 34(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025034003 - 8 Aug 2025

Viewed by 186

Abstract

The petrochemical industry emits large amounts of nitrogen oxides (NOx). It is the second source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which, through photochemical reactions, can form tropospheric ozone (O₃) and, together with geographic and meteorological conditions, influence the spatial and temporal behavior of pollution. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of air pollutants NOx, NO₂, and NO, as well as meteorological factors on O₃ concentration levels in the city of Cadereyta, Nuevo Leon, which is characterized by its petrochemical industry as part of the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico. The data were analyzed using the Spearman’s correlation coefficient, identifying a weak-to-moderate negative association between NOx and NO₂ with O₃ in the spring season and a null relationship in the summer. However, the autumn and winter seasons observed a moderate to strong negative relationship. Subsequently, a multiple linear regression analysis determined the influence of air pollutants NOx, NO₂, and NO, as well as meteorological factors on O₃ concentration levels. In this sense, when the concentration levels of NOx and NO₂ decrease, the concentration of O₃ will increase proportionally according to the season of the year. The prediction model obtains a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.60 and a root-mean-square error (RMSE) value of 0.0096 ppm. In the prediction model, all variables presented a significant effect on the interpretation of the dependent variable. The independent variables that provided the most significant variation in the concentration levels of O₃ were NOx and NO₂. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 7th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences (ECAS-7))

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7 pages, 2820 KB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Significance of Summertime Heat Low over the Northern Part of the Indian Subcontinent in the Changing Climate

by Prashant Singh

Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 34(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025034004 - 8 Aug 2025

Viewed by 254

Abstract

The Indian heat low, a strong atmospheric circulation pattern marked by low pressure and high temperatures, significantly influences weather patterns over Pakistan and northern India. Understanding how terrestrial heating patterns changes over time is crucial for understanding climate change. Such changes can profoundly affect large-scale systems such as the heat low and monsoon. The evolving characteristics of the heat low area over the Indian subcontinent from 1940 to 2020 are investigated using a decadal analysis of reanalysis data (ERA5). The results indicate an eastward shift in the heat low over the historical period. Furthermore, ensembles of CMIP5 Global Climate Models (GCMs) under RCP6.0 and RCP8.5 scenarios project a continued eastward shift in this heat low pattern between 2050 and 2100. The eastward shift in the heat low pattern significantly influences the monsoon circulation system, potentially leading to substantial changes in rainfall distribution across the Indian subcontinent, as projected under RCP6.0 and RCP8.5 scenarios—with some differences between them. The results from the GCMs support the idea of an eastward shift in rainfall, indicating the potential for altered precipitation distribution in the future. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the possible drying of the western Indian subcontinent, including Pakistan and western India, because of the altering heat low trend. These findings highlight the necessity of considering changing atmospheric circulation patterns in climate change assessments and the need for a better understanding of the associated implications for regional climate dynamics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 7th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences (ECAS-7))

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11 pages, 2553 KB

Open AccessProceeding Paper

Evaluation of an Integrated Low-Cost Pyranometer System for Application in Household Installations

by Theodore Chinis, Spyridon Mitropoulos, Pavlos Chalkiadakis and Ioannis Christakis

Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 34(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025034005 - 21 Aug 2025

Viewed by 623

Abstract

The climatic conditions of a region are a constant object of study, especially now that climate change is clearly affecting quality of life and the way we live. The study of the climatic conditions of a region is conducted through meteorological data. Meteorological installations include a set of sensors to monitor the meteorological and climatic conditions of an area. Meteorological data parameters include measurements of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and direction, as well as tools such as an oratometer and a pyranometer, etc. Specifically, the pyranometer is a high-cost instrument, which has the ability to measure the intensity of the sunshine on the surface of the earth, expressing the measurement in Watt/m². Pyranometers have many applications. They can be used to monitor solar energy in a given area, in automated systems such as photovoltaic system management, or in automatic building shading systems. In this research, both the implementation and the evaluation of an integrated low-cost pyranometer system is presented. The proposed pyranometer device consists of affordable modules, both microprocessor and sensor. In addition, a central server, as the information system, was created for data collection and visualization. The data from the measuring system is transmitted via a wireless network (Wi-Fi) over the Internet to an information system (central server), which includes a database for collecting and storing the measurements, and visualization software. The end user can retrieve the information through a web page. The results are encouraging, as they show a satisfactory degree of determination of the measurements of the proposed low-cost device in relation to the reference measurements. Finally, a correction function is presented, aiming at more reliable measurements. Full article

(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 7th International Electronic Conference on Atmospheric Sciences (ECAS-7))

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