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Gout Urate Cryst. Depos. Dis., Volume 1, Issue 4 (December 2023) – 2 articles

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9 pages, 247 KiB  
Review
Calcium Pyrophosphate and Basic Calcium Phosphate Deposition Diseases: The Year in Review 2022
by Geraldine Mary McCarthy
Gout Urate Cryst. Depos. Dis. 2023, 1(4), 234-242; https://doi.org/10.3390/gucdd1040019 - 12 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1148
Abstract
Calcium-containing crystal deposition diseases are a common cause of pain and disability but remain relatively under-investigated. No drug has been identified that can prevent deposition or effect dissolution of either calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) or basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals. In comparison to the [...] Read more.
Calcium-containing crystal deposition diseases are a common cause of pain and disability but remain relatively under-investigated. No drug has been identified that can prevent deposition or effect dissolution of either calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) or basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystals. In comparison to the field of gout and urate biology, published research in relation to calcium crystal deposition diseases in 2022 was relatively modest in quantity. In CPP deposition (CPPD) disease, progress was made mainly in epidemiology, imaging, surgical management and Gitelman’s syndrome. In relation to BCP crystals, the effect on tenocytes in vitro was explored and results indicate that BCP crystals likely reduce tendon matrix integrity via their interaction with tenocytes. The involvement of calcification in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) was elegantly demonstrated contributing to further discovery of the process of OA progression. There was a paucity of mechanistic and genetic studies in calcium crystal deposition diseases published in 2022, nor any breakthrough in therapy, showing that there is abundant scope for investigation under these themes in the future. Full article
17 pages, 781 KiB  
Review
Gout in Paleopathology: A Review with Some Etiological Considerations
by Nellissa Y. Ling, Siân E. Halcrow and Hallie R. Buckley
Gout Urate Cryst. Depos. Dis. 2023, 1(4), 217-233; https://doi.org/10.3390/gucdd1040018 - 28 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2408
Abstract
Gout has been part of human history for thousands of years. Skeletal evidence of the disease among past people in Europe is often associated with high-status individuals whose lifestyles comprised risk factors for gout, including increased sedentism and greater access to rich, high-caloric, [...] Read more.
Gout has been part of human history for thousands of years. Skeletal evidence of the disease among past people in Europe is often associated with high-status individuals whose lifestyles comprised risk factors for gout, including increased sedentism and greater access to rich, high-caloric, food. A growing body of evidence, however, has shown that multiple factors other than lifestyle also contribute to gout development. In 2011, Buckley presented a review of modern and pre-modern gout cases in which she proposed that selective pressures may partly underlie the high prevalence of gout in the population history of the Pacific region. In this paper, we provide an update on Buckley’s 2011 review of gout in human history. We also review early life stress as a potential underlying factor to consider for gout development, particularly among small prehistoric communities where opulent lifestyles traditionally associated with gout were unlikely to have occurred. Full article
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