Most Cited

Gout is intimately associated with cardiovascular disease—especially in cases of an atherosclerosis origin, but also with others such as heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or aortic valve stenosis. Besides the common presence of vascular comor...

This review re-examines the role of crystal deposition in the kidney in view of recent clinical and experimental findings. The involvement of the renal system in gout seems frequent. Indeed, recent studies showed that approximately 25% of patients wi...

Uric acid is the final purine metabolite in humans. Serum urate levels are regulated by a balance between urate production, mainly in the liver, and its excretion via the kidneys and small intestine. Given that uric acid exists as a urate anion at ph...

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is a crystalline arthritis that was described more than 60 years ago, yet our knowledge about this condition greatly lags behind other forms of arthritis. This is an exciting era for CPPD disease as a r...

Ultrasound is a pivotal exam in calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) identification. It has been demonstrated to be feasible, accurate, and reliable for CPPD diagnosis. Even if standardized definitions and a scoring system for CPPD have been estab...

Calcium-containing crystal deposition diseases are extremely common in rheumatology. However, they are under-explored compared to gout or other inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Major advances have been made in 2023 that will undoubtedly stimulate and...

Gout is at least three times more prevalent in males than in females. However, concurrent with rising total gout prevalence, complex factors, including comorbidities, diet, lifestyle, and aging, have promoted higher gout prevalence in females. This n...

The detection and differentiation of BCP and CPP crystals in calcified tissue is an important factor in the context of research and potential future treatment of osteoarthritis and chondrocalcinosis. Current standard methods originate from clinical p...

Gout is a crystal-induced arthropathy in which monosodium urate (MSU) crystals precipitate within joints as a result of persistent hyperuricemia and elicit an inflammatory response. An intriguing aspect is the occurrence of gout in only 10–15% of hyp...

The use of ultrasonography (US) has considerable potential for the diagnosis and monitoring of gout due to its capacity to detect monosodium urate deposits. In the last decade, a critical amount of scientific data has become available. Consensus-base...

Imaging modalities such as ultrasonography (US) and dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) have been recognized for their abilities to detect monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. The main described features of gout detected by DECT (tophus) or US (tophus...

Cardiovascular disease in gout is a central issue, but the underlying mechanisms linking the two are unclear. The existence of monosodium (MSU) crystal deposition directly inflaming vessel walls has been recurrently suggested and challenged since the...

Gout is a common inflammatory joint disease in China. In recent years, the prevalence of gout in China has been increasing and the onset age of gout has been trending younger. The common risk factors for gout in China include hyperuricemia, age, sex,...

Gout patients have higher mortality, heavier comorbidity burden, and lower quality of life than non-gout patients, but information is sparse on how gout affects advanced CKD patients. This study examined the prevalence and potential health impacts in...

The analysis of metabolite mediators has allowed a broader understanding of disease mechanisms. Experimental evidence indicates that metabolic rewiring is a key feature of inflammatory cells to restore tissue homeostasis upon damage. Over the last tw...

Proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein secreted by synovial fibroblasts and superficial zone chondrocytes, released into synovial fluid, and adsorbed on cartilage and synovial surfaces. PRG4′s roles include cartilage boundary lubricat...

Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis and causes significant pain and disability [...]

(1) The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is a multi-center longitudinal cohort study designed to investigate the risk factors associated with the incidence of CVD. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of gout on incident CVD...

A relationship between metabolic disorders and hyperuricemia is well established. The nature of the relationship—risk factor, causal agent, or byproduct—remains unclear. Recent studies of sodium–glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGL...

Background: Despite colchicine’s proven efficacy in the non-gout population, the effects of colchicine on the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among high-risk patients with gout remain to be determined. The purpose of this stu...

Gout has been part of human history for thousands of years. Skeletal evidence of the disease among past people in Europe is often associated with high-status individuals whose lifestyles comprised risk factors for gout, including increased sedentism...

Population-based databases in Nordic countries offer unique opportunities for large-scale population-based epidemiological studies. The personal identity number enables researchers to link different registers at the individual level, which can be use...

Gout is a prevalent form of inflammatory arthritis caused by the crystallization of uric acid in the joints and soft tissues, leading to acute, painful attacks. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in mononuclear cells, along with inflammasome-indepe...

In gout research, serum urate has been widely accepted as the primary endpoint in clinical trials of urate-lowering therapies by both the FDA and EMA for many years. However, for serum urate to be a meaningful outcome measure, it should reflect at le...

Urate is one of the key metabolites of purine metabolism, and the overproduction of urate in the liver or decreased excretion in the kidney in humans may lead to elevated levels of urate in the circulation, termed hyperuricemia (HU). The formation of...

Gout is strongly associated with atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular comorbidities. Furthermore, sites of extra-articular monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposits in gout can include heart valves and atherosclerotic artery plaques, but with uncle...

Together with the substantial role of genetic factors, serum urate levels and the occurrence of gout are also heavily driven by environmental and clinical factors, including adiposity, dietary patterns, alcohol, kidney function, and diuretic medicati...

Background: The gold standard for crystal arthritis diagnosis relies on the identification of either monosodium urate (MSU) or calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals in synovial fluid. With the goal of enhanced crystal detection, we adapted a standard...

Aggregates are one of the elementary lesions seen on musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) in gout patients as defined by Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the threshold of detection of aggregate findings on...

Calcium-containing crystal deposition diseases are a common cause of pain and disability but remain relatively under-investigated. No drug has been identified that can prevent deposition or effect dissolution of either calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) or...

Due to health concerns, the European Union has banned the use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in consumables in February 2022, with a 6-month transitional period ending in August 2022. We studied the prevalence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in...

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease is a consequence of the immune response to the pathological accumulation of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals within joints. This clinically heterogeneous condition can cause significant disability,...

Gout is a prevalent and burdensome condition despite the advances in our knowledge of its underlying mechanisms, prevention, and treatment. There is still work to be done to elucidate relevant questions that could lead to better patient care. This co...

Background: Mendelian randomization (MR) is a genetic epidemiological method used to infer causal relationships between exposures and outcomes. Its application in hyperuricemia and gout has grown exponentially owing to the ready availability of summa...

Gout flares more frequently start late at night or in the early morning compared to during the day. The reasons for this are unknown. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in monocytes/macrophages is central to initiation of gout flares. Here, we revi...

Gout, an inflammatory disease orchestrated by interleukin-1β activation and release, is more prevalent in men. The clinical profiles of patients with gout report differences by sex. This study aims to investigate sex-specific cytokine profiles i...

Genetic association studies in gout have identified genetic variants in or near genes involved in the biosynthesis and transport of urate and in immunological pathways. However, the causal role of the remaining genetic variants, genes, and pathways i...

Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis, with a growing global disease burden. This conference report summarizes nine impactful publications dating from 11/2022 to 10/2023 to inform and improve clinical care in gout. The articles we present he...

Gout management strategies remain a topic of debate, particularly regarding the efficacy of treat-to-target (T2T) and treat-to-avoid-symptoms (T2S) approaches. T2T, endorsed by major rheumatology societies, involves systematic serum urate (sUA) monit...

Objectives: (1) To compare cytokine levels in participants with serum urate (SU) < 360 µmol/L, SU ≥ 360 µmol/L with and without monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition, respectively, and inter-critical gout. (2) To explore the ass...

Calcification refers to the deposition of calcium-containing crystals either intracellularly or within the extracellular matrix. Physiologic calcification is a normal process occurring during bone and tooth development and growth. In contrast, pathol...

Periarticular calcifications are a common condition for rheumatologists. They are characterized by deposition of carbonated apatite in tendons or connective tissues around joints. It most commonly affects patients between 30 and 60, and the main loca...

Lifelong urate-lowering therapy (ULT) is recommended for gout to prevent flares and urate deposition. However, concerns about its adherence, long-term side effects, and the necessity of continuous treatment after achieving remission raise critical qu...

Gout is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals within joints, leading to recurrent acute flares and long-term tissue damage. While various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the self-li...

The eighth annual international G-CAN research symposium was held in Alexandria, VA on 21st and 22nd October 2022. This hybrid meeting, live face-to-face and virtual live symposium, was attended by over 150 participants. Over 20 research abstract sub...

Monosodium urate, calcium pyrophosphate, and basic calcium phosphate crystals are the most common types of crystals found in the joints. Each type of crystal has been associated with the onset of different joint diseases. However, the mechanisms iden...

The 14th annual international European Crystal Network was held in Paris on 2 and 3 March 2023. This in-person meeting was attended by 93 participants. Over 40 research abstract submissions were received from investigators, ranging from early career...

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) has been shown to be associated with inflammatory arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis. However, few studies have investigated the correlation between CPPD and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Our study aim...

We assessed changes in vascular inflammation and monosodium urate (MSU)-coded deposits after administration of Pegloticase in the vasculature of tophaceous gout patients using ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) Positron emission tomography/computed tom...

Many preclinical reports have coalesced to identify a strong association between obesity and increased levels of uric acid (UA) in tissues and, importantly, in the circulation (hyperuricemia). Unfortunately, nearly all these studies were conducted wi...