- Article
Metaheuristics-Based Optimization of a Control System Consisting of Underground Tuned Mass Dampers and Base Isolators for Seismic Structures
- Farnaz Ahadian,
- Gebrail Bekdaş,
- Sinan Melih Nigdeli,
- Sanghun Kim and
- Zong Woo Geem
To reduce earthquake damage and its effect on the structures, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are generally positioned on the top of the structures for effectiveness, but existing TMDs on the story levels have problems due to space and additional vertical...

