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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Perception of Quality of Life, Brain Regions, and Cognitive Performance in Hispanic Adults: A Canonical Correlation Approach

by
Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga
1,2,3,
Jesus D. Melgarejo
2,4,
Jesus Rivera-Sanchez
5,
Lorena Velazquez-Alvarez
5,6,
Isabel Omaña-Guzmán
7,
Carlos Curtis-Lopez
8,
Rosa V. Pirela
2,4,9,
Luis J. Mena
10,
John Blangero
11,12,
Jose E. Cavazos
9,13,
Michael C. Mahaney
11,12,
Joseph D. Terwilliger
9,13,14,15,16,17,
Joseph H. Lee
15,18,19,20 and
Gladys E. Maestre
2,4,9,11,*
1
Division of Population Health & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
2
Rio Grande Valley Alzheimer’s Disease Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
3
School of Medicine, Universidad Mexico Americana del Norte, Reynosa 88640, Mexico
4
Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX 78550, USA
5
Departament of Geriatrics, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
6
Hospital Angeles Roma, Mexico City 06760, Mexico
7
Pediatric Obesity Clinic and Wellness Unit, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
8
Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London E1 1BB, UK
9
The South Texas Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
10
Department of Informatics, Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Mazatlán 82124, Mexico
11
Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
12
South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
13
Department of Neurology, Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
14
Departments of Psychiatry and Genetics & Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
15
Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
16
Division of Medical Genetics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
17
Division of Public Health Genomics, National Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
18
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
19
Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
20
Department of Epidemiology, Joseph P. Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
 
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*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Clin. Transl. Neurosci. 2025, 9(3), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9030033
Submission received: 7 June 2025 / Revised: 6 July 2025 / Accepted: 18 July 2025 / Published: 23 July 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

The quality of life (QoL) perception has been studied in neurological diseases; however, there is limited information linking brain morphological characteristics, QoL, and cognition. Human behavior and perception are associated with specific brain areas that interact through diffuse electrochemical networking. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to analyze the brain region volume (BRV) correlation with the scores of Rand’s 36-item Short Form Survey (SF-36) and cognitive domains (memory and dementia status). We analyzed data from 420 adult participants in the Maracaibo Aging Study (MAS). Principal component analysis with oblimin axis rotation was used to gather redundant information from brain parcels and SF-36 domains. Canonical correlation was used to analyze the relationships between SF-36 domains and BRV (adjusted for intracranial cavity), as well as sex, age, education, obesity, and hypertension. The average age (±SD) of subjects was 56 ± 11.5 years; 71% were female; 39% were obese; 12% had diabetes, 52% hypertension, and 7% dementia. No sex-related differences were found in memory and orientation scores, but women had lower QoL scores. The 1st and 2nd canonical correlation roots support the association of SF-36 domains (except social functioning and role emotional) and total brain volume, frontal lobe volume, frontal pole, lateral orbital lobe, cerebellar, and entorhinal areas. Other variables, including age, dementia, memory score, and systolic blood pressure, had a significant influence. The results of this study demonstrate significant correlations between BRV and SF-36 components, adjusted for covariates. The frontal lobe and insula were associated with the mental health component; the lateral-orbital frontal lobe and entorhinal area were correlated with the physical component.
Keywords: brain parcellation; magnetic resonance imaging; quality of life; Hispanics brain parcellation; magnetic resonance imaging; quality of life; Hispanics

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Lopez-Alvarenga, J.C.; Melgarejo, J.D.; Rivera-Sanchez, J.; Velazquez-Alvarez, L.; Omaña-Guzmán, I.; Curtis-Lopez, C.; Pirela, R.V.; Mena, L.J.; Blangero, J.; Cavazos, J.E.; et al. Perception of Quality of Life, Brain Regions, and Cognitive Performance in Hispanic Adults: A Canonical Correlation Approach. Clin. Transl. Neurosci. 2025, 9, 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9030033

AMA Style

Lopez-Alvarenga JC, Melgarejo JD, Rivera-Sanchez J, Velazquez-Alvarez L, Omaña-Guzmán I, Curtis-Lopez C, Pirela RV, Mena LJ, Blangero J, Cavazos JE, et al. Perception of Quality of Life, Brain Regions, and Cognitive Performance in Hispanic Adults: A Canonical Correlation Approach. Clinical and Translational Neuroscience. 2025; 9(3):33. https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9030033

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lopez-Alvarenga, Juan C., Jesus D. Melgarejo, Jesus Rivera-Sanchez, Lorena Velazquez-Alvarez, Isabel Omaña-Guzmán, Carlos Curtis-Lopez, Rosa V. Pirela, Luis J. Mena, John Blangero, Jose E. Cavazos, and et al. 2025. "Perception of Quality of Life, Brain Regions, and Cognitive Performance in Hispanic Adults: A Canonical Correlation Approach" Clinical and Translational Neuroscience 9, no. 3: 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9030033

APA Style

Lopez-Alvarenga, J. C., Melgarejo, J. D., Rivera-Sanchez, J., Velazquez-Alvarez, L., Omaña-Guzmán, I., Curtis-Lopez, C., Pirela, R. V., Mena, L. J., Blangero, J., Cavazos, J. E., Mahaney, M. C., Terwilliger, J. D., Lee, J. H., & Maestre, G. E. (2025). Perception of Quality of Life, Brain Regions, and Cognitive Performance in Hispanic Adults: A Canonical Correlation Approach. Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, 9(3), 33. https://doi.org/10.3390/ctn9030033

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