A 10-Year Single-Center Study of the Clinical Characteristics of Optic Neuritis-Related NMOSD, MS, and Double Seronegative Optic Neuritis, Together with Factors Predicting Visual Outcomes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Methods and Data Collection
2.2. Ethical Approval
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Total Eyes (n = 76) | DN-ON (n = 40) | NMOSD-ON (n = 24) | MS-ON (n = 12) | p-Value | Subgroup Analysis (p-Value) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DN-ON vs. NMOSD-ON | DN-ON vs. MS-ON | NMOSD-ON vs. MS-ON | ||||||
Number of patients | 61 (100) | 33 (54.1) | 18 (29.5) | 10 (16.4) | ||||
Number of affected eyes | 76 (100) | 40 (52.6) | 24 (31.6) | 12 (15.8) | ||||
Mean Age (SD)—yr | 40.6 (13.5) | 41.2 (13.4) | 46.2 (12.6) | 28.3 (6.6) | 0.002 | 0.505 | 0.016 | 0.002 |
Female sex—no. | 50 (82.0) | 27 (81.8) | 17 (94.4) | 6 (60.0) | 0.076 | 0.209 | 0.153 | 0.041 |
Laterality of first ON presentation—no. (%) Eyes | 43 (56.6) | 23 (57.5) | 14 (58.3) | 6 (50.0) | 0.88 | 0.579 | 0.447 | 0.451 |
Bilateral simultaneous | 12 (19.7) | 6 (18.2) | 5 (27.8) | 1 (10.0) | 0.5 | 0.325 | 0.476 | 0.277 |
Pain on eye movement—no. (%) | 25 (32.9) | 10 (25.0) | 9 (37.5) | 6 (50.0) | 0.229 | 0.218 | 0.101 | 0.358 |
Median duration of onset (SD)—dys | 12.3 (13.4) | 9.8 (8.7) | 15.6 (20.4) | 14.8 (9.7) | 0.146 | 0.866 | 0.042 | 0.175 |
Duration > 7 dys (%) | 21 (34.4) | 11 (33.3) | 5 (27.8) | 5 (50.0) | 0.486 | 0.468 | 0.277 | 0.221 |
Co-existing autoimmune disease—no. (%) | 11 (18.0) | 4 (12.1) | 6 (33.3) | 1 (10.0) | 0.131 | 0.075 | 0.672 | 0.184 |
Systemic lupus erythematosus | 9 (14.7) | 4 (12.1) | 4 (22.3) | 1 (10.0) | 0.56 | 0.287 | 0.672 | 0.389 |
Graves’ disease | 2 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 2 (11.2) | 0 (0) | 0.085 | 0.12 | - | 0.405 |
Visual parameter—no. (%) | ||||||||
VA logMAR at nadir (SD) | 0.91 (0.68) | 0.58 (0.39) | 1.5 (0.73) | 0.84 (0.6) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.432 | 0.003 |
VA Snellen at nadir (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.229 | <0.001 | ||||
VA 20/20–20/60 | 13 (17.1) | 11 (27.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (16.7) | ||||
VA 20/70–20/200 | 34 (44.7) | 26 (65.0) | 1 (4.2) | 7 (58.3) | ||||
Poor baseline VA (20/200) | 29 (38.2) | 3 (7.5) | 23 (95.8) | 3 (25.0) | ||||
Visual field at nadir (dB) | 15.4 (9.95) | 10.6 (7.1) | 25.3 (7.1) | 11.6 (8.9) | < 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.871 | <0.001 |
Abnormal color vision (%) | 49 (64.5) | 27 (67.5) | 16 (66.7) | 6 (50.0) | 0.035 | 0.008 | 0.365 | 0.038 |
Presence of swollen optic disc (%) | 37 (48.7) | 18 (45.0) | 12 (50.0) | 7 (58.3) | 0.711 | 0.448 | 0.315 | 0.454 |
Relapse rate (%) | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0) | 0.297 | 0.353 | - | 0.643 |
Recurrent—no. (%) | 2 (3.3) | 1 (3.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (10.0) | 0.36 | 0.647 | 0.415 | 0.357 |
Characteristic | Total Eyes (n = 76) | DN-ON (n = 40) | NMOSD-ON (n = 24) | MS-ON (n = 12) | p-Value | Subgroup Analysis (p-Value) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DN-ON vs. NMOSD-ON | DN-ON vs. MS-ON | NMOSD-ON vs. MS-ON | ||||||
Segmental enhancement of AVP—no. (%) | ||||||||
Orbital optic nerve | 40 (52.6) | 15 (37.5) | 17 (70.8) | 8 (66.7) | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.073 | 0.544 |
Intracanalicular optic nerve | 10 (13.2) | 2 (5.0) | 4 (16.7) | 4 (33.3) | 0.032 | 0.135 | 0.021 | 0.236 |
Intracranial optic nerve | 6 (7.9) | 1 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (8.3) | 0.126 | 0.061 | 0.412 | 0.451 |
Optic chiasm | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | - | - | - |
Optic tract | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | - | - | - |
≥2 consecutive segments | 10 (13.2) | 2 (5.0) | 4 (16.7) | 4 (33.3) | 0.032 | 0.135 | 0.021 | 0.236 |
Characteristic | Total Eyes (n = 76) | DN-ON (n = 40) | NMOSD-ON (n = 24) | MS-ON (n = 12) | p-Value | Subgroup Analysis (p-Value) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DN-ON vs. NMOSD-ON | DN-ON vs. MS-ON | NMOSD-ON vs. MS-ON | ||||||
Number of patients | 61 (100) | 33 (54.1) | 18 (29.5) | 10 (16.4) | ||||
Final BCVA—no. (%) | ||||||||
LogMAR—mean ± SD | 0.58 ± 0.72 | 0.26 ± 0.42 | 1.23 ± 0.78 | 0.36 ± 0.5 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.771 | <0.001 |
VA 20/20–20/60 | 46 (60.5) | 35 (87.5) | 2 (8.3) | 9 (75.0) | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.561 | <0.001 |
VA 20/70–20/200 | 11 (14.5) | 2 (5.0) | 8 (33.3) | 1 (8.3) | ||||
VA < 20/200 | 19 (25.0) | 3 (7.5) | 14 (58.3) | 2 (16.7) | ||||
Mean difference of final VA vs. at nadir | 0.33 ± 0.34 | 0.32 ± 0.23 | 0.27 ± 0.38 | 0.48 ± 0.53 | 0.002 | 0.004 | 0.131 | 0.006 |
Visual acuity outcome—no. (%) | 0.022 | 0.092 | 0.176 | 0.003 | ||||
Improve (≥0.3 LogMAR) | 2 (2.6) | 1 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 1 (8.3) | - | - | - | - |
Stable | 50 (65.8) | 25 (62.5) | 21 (87.5) | 4 (33.3) | - | - | - | - |
Worse (≤−0.3 LogMAR) | 24 (31.6) | 14 (35.0) | 3 (12.5) | 7 (58.3) | - | - | - | - |
Color vision improvement (%) | 29 (38.2) | 19 (47.5) | 7 (29.2) | 3 (25.0) | 0.204 | 0.118 | 0.147 | 0.56 |
Recurrent—no. (%) | 3 (2.6) | 1 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 2 (16.6) | 0.103 | 0.625 | 0.129 | 0.105 |
OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Univariable model | |||
Age ≥ 50 yrs | 1.33 | 0.468–3.781 | 0.59 |
Female gender | 0.96 | 0.298–3.111 | 0.95 |
Duration ≥ 7 dys | 2.65 | 1.000–7.007 | 0.05 |
Disc swelling | 1.69 | 0.675–4.239 | 0.262 |
MRI ≥ 2 segments | 2.31 | 0.593–8.974 | 0.227 |
DN-ON | 0.16 | 0.060–0.449 | <0.001 |
NMOSD-ON | 16.67 | 4.763–58.314 | <0.001 |
MS-ON | 0.4 | 0.100–1.625 | 0.201 |
Poor VA at nadir | 16.19 | 5.097–51.398 | <0.001 |
Multivariable model | |||
Duration ≥ 7 dys | 5.29 | 1.359–20.616 | 0.016 |
DN-ON | 1.4 | 0.236–8.305 | 0.711 |
NMOSD-ON | 10.47 | 1.095–99.993 | 0.041 |
Poor VA at nadir | 4.7 | 0.767–28.78 | 0.094 |
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Kemchoknatee, P.; Singhakul, C.; Arjkongharn, N.; Chainakul, M.; Tangon, D.; Srisombut, T. A 10-Year Single-Center Study of the Clinical Characteristics of Optic Neuritis-Related NMOSD, MS, and Double Seronegative Optic Neuritis, Together with Factors Predicting Visual Outcomes. Vision 2023, 7, 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision7010016
Kemchoknatee P, Singhakul C, Arjkongharn N, Chainakul M, Tangon D, Srisombut T. A 10-Year Single-Center Study of the Clinical Characteristics of Optic Neuritis-Related NMOSD, MS, and Double Seronegative Optic Neuritis, Together with Factors Predicting Visual Outcomes. Vision. 2023; 7(1):16. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision7010016
Chicago/Turabian StyleKemchoknatee, Parinee, Chotika Singhakul, Niracha Arjkongharn, Methaphon Chainakul, Duanghathai Tangon, and Thansit Srisombut. 2023. "A 10-Year Single-Center Study of the Clinical Characteristics of Optic Neuritis-Related NMOSD, MS, and Double Seronegative Optic Neuritis, Together with Factors Predicting Visual Outcomes" Vision 7, no. 1: 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/vision7010016