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Inventions, Volume 10, Issue 3 (June 2025) – 3 articles

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11 pages, 7991 KiB  
Article
A Simple Real-Time Method for Detecting Low Performance in Wet High-Intensity Magnetic Separators (WHIMSs) Due to Coil Malfunction
by Ricardo B. Ventura, Alan K. Rêgo Segundo and Thiago A. M. Euzébio
Inventions 2025, 10(3), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions10030035 - 2 May 2025
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Abstract
Wet High-Intensity Magnetic Separators (WHIMSs) have become well established in mineral processing operations by efficiently separating particles based on their magnetic properties. While the existing literature extensively discusses WHIMS performance under varying operational conditions, there is a notable absence of attention to the [...] Read more.
Wet High-Intensity Magnetic Separators (WHIMSs) have become well established in mineral processing operations by efficiently separating particles based on their magnetic properties. While the existing literature extensively discusses WHIMS performance under varying operational conditions, there is a notable absence of attention to the degradation of coils over time and methods for its detection. In this paper, we address this gap by proposing a novel approach to detect coil degradation in WHIMSs, enabling timely maintenance interventions to maintain optimal performance. Through experimental analysis in an industrial environment, we show the significant effect of coil deterioration on WHIMS efficiency. We also introduce a real-time monitoring method using current measurements in coil sets. This method provides a practical solution for identifying and addressing coil degradation, helping to improve maintenance practices and sustain operational efficiency in mineral processing facilities. The experiments were conducted in a Brazilian iron ore processing company in Itabira, Minas Gerais. Full article
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17 pages, 4117 KiB  
Review
Review of Printed Log-Periodic Dipole Array Antenna Design for EMC Applications
by Abdulghafor A. Abdulhameed and Zdeněk Kubík
Inventions 2025, 10(3), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions10030034 - 25 Apr 2025
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Abstract
This article presents a brief evaluation and discussion of eight proposed printed log-periodic dipole array (PLPDA) antennas that have been introduced in the last decade for EMC applications. These proposed antennas could serve as reference antennas for radiation and immunity tests inside the [...] Read more.
This article presents a brief evaluation and discussion of eight proposed printed log-periodic dipole array (PLPDA) antennas that have been introduced in the last decade for EMC applications. These proposed antennas could serve as reference antennas for radiation and immunity tests inside the EMC chamber. Step-by-step design procedures have been detailed with various feeding methods, showing their effect on the wideband characteristic compared to the design complexity. Different miniaturization and bandwidth improvement methods have been utilized to tackle the size reduction and bandwidth enhancement goals. Furthermore, the comprehensive view of the specifications of the reference antenna design inside the EMC chamber has been explained in detail, which presents the motivation for using a printed antenna rather than the classical one for these applications. The achievements of the presented designs have been listed, compared, and discussed with the classical LPDA antenna (HyperLOG 7060) offered for sale. Finally, a brief conclusion presents the recommendations for the design and analysis of the PLPDA antenna for EMC measurements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Strategy of Protection and Control for the Grid)
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10 pages, 650 KiB  
Article
A Novel Characterization of the Lower Threshold of Motion
by Jacob B. Harth, Lisa M. Renzi-Hammond, Cameron J. Wysocky, Spencer F. Smith and Billy R. Hammond, Jr.
Inventions 2025, 10(3), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/inventions10030033 - 23 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Methodologies to measure motion perception are vital for deepening our understanding of the vision system and the factors that influence it. While existing work has primarily focused on the fastest perceivable velocities, less attention has been paid to the lower threshold of motion [...] Read more.
Methodologies to measure motion perception are vital for deepening our understanding of the vision system and the factors that influence it. While existing work has primarily focused on the fastest perceivable velocities, less attention has been paid to the lower threshold of motion (LTM; slowest perceivable velocities). In this study, we designed an optical system to measure LTM in a sample of healthy young adults and to assess the influence of retinal location (central vs. peripheral retina) and stimulus composition (broadband vs. mid-wave) on LTM. The system was based on a xenon light source and a fiber-optic cable that created a bright light stimulus that could be moved along a computer-controlled precision translation slide. The stimulus, exposed for one-second intervals at both a central (fovea) and a peripheral (33 deg) location, was moved at varying speeds to determine the slowest detectable speed. In all, 37 healthy young participants (M = 19.32 ± 1.97 years) were tested. We found substantial between-subject variability in LTM and an interaction between stimulus wavelength and retinal location. The measurement of LTM using this novel apparatus and methodology provides insights into the relationship between slow-moving, ecologically valid stimuli and perceptual detection at the slowest speeds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Inventions and Innovation in Applied Chemistry and Physics)
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