Endophytic Mycoflora and Their Bioactive Compounds from Azadirachta Indica: A Comprehensive Review
by
Eyob Chukalo Chutulo 1,2
and Raju Krishna Chalannavar 3,*
Eyob Chukalo Chutulo 1,2 and Raju Krishna Chalannavar 3,*
1
Department of Biology, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo 138, Ethiopia
2
Department of Biosciences, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri 574199, India
3
Department of Applied Botany, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri 574199, India
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2018, 4(2), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4020042
Received: 3 February 2018 / Revised: 12 March 2018 / Accepted: 22 March 2018 / Published: 24 March 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Endophytes in Plants)
Plants are all inhabited by endophytic fungi in the interior of their tissues. The neem tree Azadirachta is an Indian lilac used for various therapeutic purposes in different forms of preparations. This plant hosts different types of endophytic fungi. In some cases, different tissues of a given plant are inhabited by different endophytic fungi which are discussed in this paper. Recently, there have been new reports on endophytic fungi and their bioactive compounds from Azadirachta indica. The biological function of bioactive compounds was discussed in view of their future industrial prospects. There are a number of different research investigations that examine the endophytes isolated and screened for their potential bioactive secondary metabolites from neem, but there is no comprehensive review on neem endophytes and their secondary metabolites to bring all trends from different researchers together. Therefore, in this review, we have discussed the endophytic fungi from the different tissues of neem, in view of the latest understandings of antimicrobial, antioxidant, and pathogenicity target compounds. Importantly, tracing the previous findings would pave the way to forecast the missing link for future work by researchers.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Chutulo, E.C.; Chalannavar, R.K. Endophytic Mycoflora and Their Bioactive Compounds from Azadirachta Indica: A Comprehensive Review. J. Fungi 2018, 4, 42.
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