The Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Black Baladi Kids Fed Diets with Graded Quantities of Sweet Lupin Grain (Lupinus angustifolius)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals, Housing, and Diets
2.2. In Vivo Digestibility and N Balance Trial
2.3. Slaughtering Procedure
2.4. Statistical Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | Diet 1 | ||
---|---|---|---|
CON | LUP100 | LUP200 | |
Ingredients (dry matter, g/kg DM) | |||
Barley grain | 505 | 460 | 420 |
Soybean meal | 185 | 130 | 70 |
Wheat straw | 290 | 290 | 290 |
Lupin 2 | 0 | 100 | 200 |
Salt | 10 | 10 | 10 |
Limestone | 9 | 9 | 9 |
Vitamin–mineral premix 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Cost ($US/1000 kg) 4 | 392 | 349 | 307 |
Nutrients | |||
Dry matter, g/kg DM | 902 | 916 | 920 |
Crude protein, g/kg DM | 155 | 156 | 155 |
Neutral detergent fiber, g/kg DM | 327 | 355 | 378 |
Acid detergent fiber, g/kg DM | 143 | 161 | 176 |
Ether extract, g/kg DM | 10 | 11 | 11 |
Metabolizable energy, Mcal/kg | 2.31 | 2.29 | 2.28 |
Item | Diet 1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LUP100 | LUP200 | SE 2 | p Value | |
Nutrient intake, g/d | |||||
Dry matter | 762 | 840 | 842 | 33.7 | 0.17 |
Crude protein | 120 | 131 | 132 | 5.3 | 0.19 |
Neutral detergent fiber | 263 a | 298 b | 320 b | 12.6 | 0.01 |
Acid detergent fiber | 118 a | 135 b | 147 b | 6.1 | 0.01 |
Ether extract | 8 a | 9 b | 9 b | 0.3 | 0.004 |
Item | Diet 1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LUP100 | LUP200 | SE 2 | p Value | |
Initial weight, kg | 16.8 | 16.4 | 16.0 | 0.49 | 0.22 |
Final weight, kg | 27.8 a | 30.6 b | 29.9 ab | 0.63 | 0.02 |
Average daily gain, g/d | 129 a | 170 b | 168 b | 12.97 | ≤0.03 |
Feed converstion ratio | 5.99 | 5.25 | 5.28 | 0.35 | 0.26 |
Cost of gain | 2.7 b | 2.2 a | 2.0 a | 0.17 | 0.004 |
Item | Diet 1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON | LUP100 | LUP200 | SE 2 | p Value | |
Dry matter intake, g/d | 772 | 848 | 845 | 56.9 | 0.58 |
Digestibility, % | |||||
Dry matter | 72.9 a | 79.6 b | 81.7 b | 2.10 | 0.05 |
Crude protein | 67.5 a | 76.4 b | 82.0 b | 3.26 | <0.03 |
Neutral detergent fiber | 59.9 | 65.0 | 72.1 | 4.08 | 0.17 |
Acid detergent fiber | 53.0 a | 59.4 ab | 66.7 b | 2.84 | 0.03 |
N Balance | |||||
N intake, g/kg | 21.8 | 22.9 | 21.9 | 0.76 | 0.56 |
N loss in feces, g/kg | 5.9 | 5.3 | 4.0 | 0.98 | 0.31 |
N loss in urine, g/kg | 5.6 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 0.79 | 0.26 |
N retained, g/d | 9. 5 a | 13.9 b | 13.9 b | 1.32 | <0.05 |
N retention, % | 47.4 | 60.8 | 63.0 | 6.31 | 0.23 |
Item | Diets 1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON n = 8 | LUP100 n = 8 | LUP200 n = 8 | SE 2 | p Value | |
Fasting live weight (kg) | 26.9 | 29.3 | 28.2 | 1.44 | 0.37 |
Hot carcass weight (kg) | 13.0 a | 14.8 b | 13.8 ab | 0.67 | 0.07 |
Cold carcass weight (kg) | 12.6 a | 14.4 b | 13.8 ab | 0.69 | 0.05 |
Dressing percentage | 46.7 a | 49.4 b | 49.2 b | 0.87 | 0.08 |
Non-carcass components (kg) 3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 0.07 | 0.17 |
Carcass cut weights (kg) 4 | 11.9 a | 13.3 b | 13.2 b | 0.69 | ≤0.05 |
Item | Diets 1 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CON n = 8 | LUP100 n = 8 | LUP200 n = 8 | SE 2 | p Value | |
Leg fat depth (L3) (mm) | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.126 | 0.28 |
Tissue depth (GR) (mm) | 8.1 | 8. 6 | 9.1 | 0.545 | 0.27 |
Rib fat depth (J) (mm) | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 0.128 | 0.24 |
Eye muscle width (A) (mm) | 41.8 | 44.5 | 43.2 | 1.192 | 0.22 |
Eye muscle depth (B) (mm) | 16.9 | 18.4 | 18.3 | 0.693 | 0.14 |
Fat depth (C) (mm) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0094 | 0.30 |
Shoulder fat depth (S2) (mm) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.0071 | 0.93 |
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Obeidat, B.S. The Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Black Baladi Kids Fed Diets with Graded Quantities of Sweet Lupin Grain (Lupinus angustifolius). Vet. Sci. 2022, 9, 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9010020
Obeidat BS. The Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Black Baladi Kids Fed Diets with Graded Quantities of Sweet Lupin Grain (Lupinus angustifolius). Veterinary Sciences. 2022; 9(1):20. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9010020
Chicago/Turabian StyleObeidat, Belal S. 2022. "The Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Black Baladi Kids Fed Diets with Graded Quantities of Sweet Lupin Grain (Lupinus angustifolius)" Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 1: 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9010020