Research on the Formation-Wellbore Temperature Profile Characteristics Under the Co-Existence of Kick and Leakage Condition

Chen, Yufei; Li, Mu; Wang, Hao; Hao, Weiwei; Liu, Kerou; Li, Yafei; Zhang, Hui; Zhang, Geng

doi:10.3390/pr13092730

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Research on the Formation-Wellbore Temperature Profile Characteristics Under the Co-Existence of Kick and Leakage Condition

by

Yufei Chen

^1,*

,

Mu Li

¹,

Hao Wang

¹,

Weiwei Hao

¹,

Kerou Liu

¹,

Yafei Li

¹,

Hui Zhang

² and

Geng Zhang

²

¹

CNPC Engineering Technology R & D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China

²

College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Processes 2025, 13(9), 2730; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092730 (registering DOI)

Submission received: 7 July 2025 / Revised: 5 August 2025 / Accepted: 14 August 2025 / Published: 26 August 2025

(This article belongs to the Section Energy Systems)

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Abstract

During drilling, different kick locations significantly impact the formation-wellbore temperature (FWT) profile under the co-existence of kick and leakage condition (CKL). To ensure safety and efficiency during drilling, we study the effect of different kick locations on the FWT under the CKL. In this paper, a full transient heat transfer model based on the first law of thermodynamics is established to obtain four distinct WFT profiles under CKL conditions, incorporating both convective heat transfer and variable mass flow effects. Compared with the actual temperature measurement data, the reliability of the developed model is verified. The case studies show that the annular temperature (AT) is lower under the single-point leakage (SL), continuous leakage (CL), and CKL conditions than that in the normal drilling condition. Wellhead temperature in CKL differs significantly from that in normal drilling (ND). As the kick location gets closer to the bottom hole, the AT gets higher, and the temperature difference between the formation and annular gets smaller. Compared with the wellbore temperature profile under ND, the kick location can be detected by real-time monitoring of the FWT profile under the CKL.

Keywords: formation-wellbore temperature profile; co-existence of kick and leakage; single-point leakage; continuous leakage; transient heat transfer model

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chen, Y.; Li, M.; Wang, H.; Hao, W.; Liu, K.; Li, Y.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, G. Research on the Formation-Wellbore Temperature Profile Characteristics Under the Co-Existence of Kick and Leakage Condition. Processes 2025, 13, 2730. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092730

AMA Style

Chen Y, Li M, Wang H, Hao W, Liu K, Li Y, Zhang H, Zhang G. Research on the Formation-Wellbore Temperature Profile Characteristics Under the Co-Existence of Kick and Leakage Condition. Processes. 2025; 13(9):2730. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092730

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen, Yufei, Mu Li, Hao Wang, Weiwei Hao, Kerou Liu, Yafei Li, Hui Zhang, and Geng Zhang. 2025. "Research on the Formation-Wellbore Temperature Profile Characteristics Under the Co-Existence of Kick and Leakage Condition" Processes 13, no. 9: 2730. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092730

APA Style

Chen, Y., Li, M., Wang, H., Hao, W., Liu, K., Li, Y., Zhang, H., & Zhang, G. (2025). Research on the Formation-Wellbore Temperature Profile Characteristics Under the Co-Existence of Kick and Leakage Condition. Processes, 13(9), 2730. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr13092730

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Research on the Formation-Wellbore Temperature Profile Characteristics Under the Co-Existence of Kick and Leakage Condition

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