Study on Jet Characteristics of Novel Coherent Tuyeres and Injection of Hydrogen-Rich Gas in Blast Furnace

This study designed a novel coherent tuyere device capable of adjusting the core length of the jet flow. Physical experiments were first conducted to investigate how the number of secondary nozzles in the coherent tuyere affects the gas–solid two-phase flow behavior within the raceway during the blasting process. Subsequently, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was employed to examine the influence of structural parameters on jet morphology in coherent tuyere. Finally, computational fluid dynamics and discrete phase method (CFD-DPM) was adopted, and the velocity, temperature, and composition distribution patterns within the raceway were analyzed following the injection of hydrogen-rich gas through the coherent tuyere. The results of the physics experiment indicate that increasing the number of secondary nozzles in the coherent tuyere can significantly enlarge the raceway size and broaden the particle kinematic zone, thereby enhancing particle fluidization at the periphery of the raceway. CFD numerical simulation results indicate that increasing the number of secondary nozzles of the tuyere can effectively extend the length of the velocity jet core region. Compared with conventional tuyeres, a six-nozzle coherent tuyere can increase the core length of the blast velocity by about 40%. When the diameter of the secondary nozzles in the coherent tuyere is doubled, the core length of the blast velocity increases by 10%. The results of the CFD-DPM coupled simulation show that unburned carbon particles flow and combust along the periphery of the raceway with the hot air, leading to the formation of a high-temperature region in this area. After the injection of hydrogen-rich gas through the coherent tuyere, the temperature in the raceway decreased significantly. A high-concentration region of H₂ appeared at the periphery of the raceway, while the high-concentration CO region increased in concentration and gradually extended toward the upper part of the raceway. This research achievement is of significant importance for optimizing blast furnace blast kinetic energy and hydrogen-rich gas injection.