A High Capacity Watermarking Technique for the Printed Document
1
Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2
College of Information Science & Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
3
Zhuhai Seine Printing Technology Co., Ltd, Zhuhai 519000, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Electronics 2019, 8(12), 1403; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121403
Received: 13 November 2019
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Revised: 20 November 2019
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Accepted: 22 November 2019
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Published: 25 November 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Embedded Systems)
Digital watermarking technology is an effective method for copyright protection of digital information, such as images, documents, etc. In this paper, we propose a high capacity text image watermarking technique against printing and scanning processes. Firstly, this method obtains the invariant in the process of printing and scanning under the mathematical hypothesis model of print-scan transformation. Then based on the print-scan invariant, the Fourier descriptor is used to flip the trivial pixel points with high frequency information on the character boundary. Next, considering the resolution of the print-scan equipment and its influence on the print-scan invariant, a quadratic quantization function is proposed to embed watermark information of multiple bits for a single character. Finally, the QR code (Quick Response code) is researched, which has large information capacity, robust error correction ability and high decoding reliability. By using the QR code as the watermark information, we can reduce the impact of bit error rate during watermark extraction, and the robustness of the watermark information can be improved. The experimental results show that the proposed text watermarking algorithm has the advantages of anti-print scanning, anti-scaling, large capacity and good visual effects.
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Keywords:
Text watermarking; anti-print scan; Fourier descriptor; large capacity; QR code
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MDPI and ACS Style
Huang, K.; Tian, X.; Yu, H.; Yu, M.; Yin, A. A High Capacity Watermarking Technique for the Printed Document. Electronics 2019, 8, 1403. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121403
AMA Style
Huang K, Tian X, Yu H, Yu M, Yin A. A High Capacity Watermarking Technique for the Printed Document. Electronics. 2019; 8(12):1403. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121403
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Kai, Xiaobo Tian, Hongzhou Yu, Min Yu, and Aiguo Yin. 2019. "A High Capacity Watermarking Technique for the Printed Document" Electronics 8, no. 12: 1403. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121403
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