Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Laser-Enhanced Disinfection in Endodontic Therapy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Ethical Considerations
2.2. Diagnostic Criteria
2.3. Endodontic Treatment Protocol
2.4. Laser Disinfection Protocol
2.5. CBCT Imaging and Assessment
- -
- Volumetric lesion size: calculated from three-dimensional measurements across buccal-lingual, mesial-distal, and coronal-apical axes.
- -
- CBCT Periapical Index (CBCT-PAI): scored according to Estrela et al. [3] to assess lesion progression or regression.
- -
- Bone density classification: assigned based on Misch’s D1–D5 system to evaluate healing potential relative to bone quality.
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics and Initial Lesion Distribution
- -
- Well-defined radiolucent lesions: 76 cases (63.3%)
- -
- Chronic apical periodontitis: 44 cases (36.7%)
- -
- Experimental group (chemical irrigation + Er,Cr:YSGG laser disinfection): 6.42 ± 1.23 mm
- -
- Control group (chemical irrigation only): 6.51 ± 1.18 mm
- -
- D1 (dense cortical bone): 11%
- -
- D2 (thick trabecular bone): 21%
- -
- D3 (intermediate trabecular bone): 28%
- -
- D4 (sparse trabecular bone): 30%
- -
- D5 (low density/osteoporotic bone): 10%
3.2. Lesion Size Evolution over Time
3.3. Lesion Type and Healing Outcome
3.4. Healing Outcome by Bone Density
3.5. CBCT-PAI Score Reduction
3.6. Representative Imaging and Healing Patterns
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Time Interval | Experimental Group | Control Group | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 6.42 ± 1.23 | 6.51 ± 1.18 | 0.812 |
6 Months | 4.21 ± 0.98 | 5.13 ± 1.02 | 0.041 |
1 Year | 2.85 ± 0.82 | 4.02 ± 1.01 | 0.008 |
2 Years | 1.49 ± 0.64 | 2.83 ± 0.88 | 0.003 |
2.5 Years | 0.85 ± 0.32 | 1.92 ± 0.56 | 0.002 |
Lesion Type | Experimental Group | Control Group | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Well-defined radiolucent lesions | 89.5% (68/76) | 68.4% (52/76) | 0.027 |
Undefined lesions | 81.8% (36/44) | 59.1% (26/44) | 0.043 |
Bone Density | Experimental Group | Control Group | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
D1 | 98% | 98% | 1.000 |
D2 | 95% | 85% | 0.088 |
D3 | 90% | 72% | 0.032 |
D4 | 75% | 50% | 0.019 |
D5 | 55% | 35% | 0.009 |
Time Interval | Experimental Group | Control Group | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 4.3 ± 0.7 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 0.76 |
6 Months | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 0.041 |
1 Year | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 0.6 | 0.008 |
2 Years | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 2.4 ± 0.5 | 0.002 |
2.5 Years | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 0.001 |
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Kantor, J.; Bucur, S.M.; Bud, E.S.; Nimigean, V.; Crișan, I.M.; Păcurar, M. Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Laser-Enhanced Disinfection in Endodontic Therapy. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 4055. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124055
Kantor J, Bucur SM, Bud ES, Nimigean V, Crișan IM, Păcurar M. Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Laser-Enhanced Disinfection in Endodontic Therapy. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(12):4055. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124055
Chicago/Turabian StyleKantor, Janos, Sorana Maria Bucur, Eugen Silviu Bud, Victor Nimigean, Ioana Maria Crișan, and Mariana Păcurar. 2025. "Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Laser-Enhanced Disinfection in Endodontic Therapy" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 12: 4055. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124055
APA StyleKantor, J., Bucur, S. M., Bud, E. S., Nimigean, V., Crișan, I. M., & Păcurar, M. (2025). Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Laser-Enhanced Disinfection in Endodontic Therapy. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(12), 4055. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14124055