Slovak Translation and Cross-Cultural Validation of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT10®)
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Linguistic Adaptation and Data Collection
2.2. Procedure
2.3. Participants
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Internal Consistency
3.2. Test–Retest Reliability and Item-to-Total Correlation
3.3. Construct Validity
3.4. Validity Analysis
3.5. ROC Analysis
4. Discussion
Strengths and Limitations of the Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | Original Version | Slovak Version |
---|---|---|
1 | My swallowing problem has caused me to lose weight. | Kvôli mojim problémom s prehĺtaním som schudol/la. |
2 | My swallowing problem interferes with my ability to go out for meals. | Pre problémy s prehĺtaním nemôžem chodiť jesť do spoločnosti. |
3 | Swallowing liquids takes extra effort. | Prehĺtanie tekutín je pre mňa namáhavé. |
4 | Swallowing solids takes extra effort. | Prehĺtanie tuhej stravy je pre mňa namáhavé. |
5 | Swallowing pills takes extra effort. | Prehĺtanie tabliet je pre mňa namáhavé. |
6 | Swallowing is painful. | Prehĺtanie je bolestivé. |
7 | The pleasure of eating is affected by my swallowing. | Prehĺtanie ovplyvňuje môj pôžitok z jedla. |
8 | When I swallow food sticks in my throat. | Pri prehĺtaní sa mi jedlo zasekne v hrdle. |
9 | I cough when I eat. | Pri jedle kašlem. |
10 | Swallowing is stressful. | Prehĺtanie je pre mňa stresujúce. |
Variable | Value | Control Group | Dysphagic Group | Total | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | ||
Gender | Female | 67 | 49.3 | 17 | 33.3 | 84 | 44.9 |
Male | 69 | 50.7 | 34 | 66.7 | 103 | 55.1 | |
Age | Mean ± SD | 56.68 ± 13.74 | 58.02 ± 16.78 | 57.05 ± 14.6 | |||
Median | 56 | 60 | 58 | ||||
Min | 20 | 20 | 20 | ||||
Max | 81 | 91 | 91 | ||||
BMI | Mean ± SD | 26.75 ± 4.89 | 24.69 ± 5.28 | 26.19 ± 5.07 | |||
Median | 26.3 | 23.27 | 25.5 | ||||
Min | 17.47 | 15.42 | 15.42 | ||||
Max | 45.91 | 43.15 | 45.91 | ||||
Diagnosis | HNC | - | - | 12 | 23.5 | ||
Esophageal | - | - | 8 | 15.7 | |||
Iatrogenic | - | - | 7 | 13.7 | |||
Neurogenic | - | - | 12 | 23.5 | |||
Other | 12 | 23.5 |
Item | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Test–Retest | Item-to-Total | α If Item Deleted |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 41.2 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 3.9 | 27.5 | × | 0.66 *** | 0.93 |
2 | 41.2 | 5.9 | 11.8 | 15.7 | 25.5 | × | 0.69 *** | 0.93 |
3 | 41.2 | 15.7 | 11.8 | 15.7 | 15.7 | × | 0.68 *** | 0.93 |
4 | 27.5 | 19.6 | 11.8 | 13.7 | 27.5 | 0.81 *** | 0.76 *** | 0.93 |
5 | 33.3 | 19.6 | 15.7 | 13.7 | 17.6 | 0.91 *** | 0.73 *** | 0.94 |
6 | 54.9 | 21.6 | 15.7 | 3.9 | 3.9 | −0.02 | 0.56 *** | 0.94 |
7 | 29.4 | 17.6 | 31.4 | 11.8 | 9.8 | × | 0.74 *** | 0.93 |
8 | 25.5 | 19.6 | 29.4 | 9.8 | 15.7 | 0.62 *** | 0.75 *** | 0.93 |
9 | 43.1 | 11.8 | 17.6 | 15.7 | 11.8 | 1 *** | 0.68 *** | 0.94 |
10 | 31.4 | 15.7 | 19.6 | 13.7 | 19.6 | × | 0.7 *** | 0.93 |
Overall | 0.91 *** | |||||||
Sample size | n = 58 | n = 187 | n = 187 |
Authors | Language Version | Cut-Off | Sensitivity | Specificity |
---|---|---|---|---|
Belafsky et al., 2008 [13] | English | 3 | − | − |
Schindler et al., 2013 [23] | Italian | 3 | − | − |
Gonçalves et al., 2013 [18] | Brazilian | 3 | 69.7% | 0.72% |
Abu-Ghanem et al., 2016 [31] | Hebrew | 3 | 92.3% | 97.3% |
Möller et al., 2016 [19] | Swedish | 3 | 98.5% | 94.1% |
Giraldo-Cadavid et al., 2016 [34] | Spanish (Colombia) | 2 | 93.6% | 36.4% |
Printza et al., 2018 [22] | Greek | 3 | − | − |
Järvenpää et al., 2021 [29] | Finnish | 3 | 0.94% | 0.96% |
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Frajkova, Z.; Paouris, D.; Nado, L.; Vyrvova, I.; Fabianova, A.; Printza, A.; Varga, L.; Tedla, M. Slovak Translation and Cross-Cultural Validation of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT10®). J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 5966. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195966
Frajkova Z, Paouris D, Nado L, Vyrvova I, Fabianova A, Printza A, Varga L, Tedla M. Slovak Translation and Cross-Cultural Validation of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT10®). Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(19):5966. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195966
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrajkova, Zofia, Dimitrios Paouris, Ladislav Nado, Ivana Vyrvova, Adelaida Fabianova, Athanasia Printza, Lukas Varga, and Miroslav Tedla. 2022. "Slovak Translation and Cross-Cultural Validation of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT10®)" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 19: 5966. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195966