Assessment of Fermented Soybean Meal on Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Neonatal Turkey Poults

Centro de Ensenanza, Investigacion y Extension en Produccion Avicola, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 13209, Mexico

Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Compostela, Nayarit 63700, Mexico

Department of Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA

⁴

Laboratorio 5: LEDEFAR, Unidad de Investigacion Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores (FES) Cuautitlan, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Cuautitlan Izcalli 54714, Mexico

⁵

Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves, FMVZ, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

The author passed away 3 weeks ago.

Animals 2020, 10(10), 1849; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101849

Received: 13 August 2020 / Revised: 5 October 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 / Published: 11 October 2020

(This article belongs to the Collection Gut and Bone in Health and Disease)

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Simple Summary

Fermented soybean meal (FSBM) improved the performance of neonatal turkey poults, and these changes were associated with morphometric changes in the intestinal mucosa, as well as reduction of leaky gut, within turkeys challenged with Salmonella typhimurium (ST) in two experimental infective models. Although the two strains used for the fermentation process showed in vitro activity against ST, no significant effect was observed in vivo. Nevertheless, FSBM reduced the severity of the ST infection in the therapeutic model. The fermentation with different beneficial bacteria and different inclusion rates of FSBM requires further investigation.

Abstract

This study’s objective was to evaluate the effect of the fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on Salmonella typhimurium (ST) to turkey poults using two models of infection. In the prophylactic model, one-day-old turkeys were randomly allocated to one of four different groups (n = 30 turkeys/group): (1) Control group, (2) FSBM group, (3) Control group challenged with ST (Control + ST), and (4) FSBM group challenged with ST (FSBM + ST). On day 9 of age, all poults were orally challenged with 10⁶ colony forming units (CFU) ST and 24 h post-inoculation, intestinal samples were collected to determine ST recovery and morphometric analysis. Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-d). In the therapeutic model, a similar experimental design was used, but turkeys were orally gavaged 10⁴ CFU ST on day 1, and samples were collected at day 7. FSBM improved performance and reduced leaky gut in both experimental infective models. In the prophylactic model, FSBB induced morphology changes in the mucosa. Although the strains (Lactobacillus salivarius and Bacillus licheniformis) used for the fermentation process showed in vitro activity against ST, no significant effect was observed in vivo. The fermentation with different beneficial bacteria and different inclusion rates of FSBM requires further investigation. View Full-Text

Keywords: intestinal permeability; fermented soybean meal; probiotic; turkey poults; Salmonella typhimurium

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

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MDPI and ACS Style

Morales-Mena, A.; Martínez-González, S.; Teague, K.D.; Graham, L.E.; Señas-Cuesta, R.; Vuong, C.N.; Lester, H.; Hernandez-Patlan, D.; Solis-Cruz, B.; Fuente-Martinez, B.; Hernandez-Velasco, X.; Hargis, B.M.; Tellez-Isaias, G. Assessment of Fermented Soybean Meal on Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Neonatal Turkey Poults. Animals 2020, 10, 1849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101849

AMA Style

Morales-Mena A, Martínez-González S, Teague KD, Graham LE, Señas-Cuesta R, Vuong CN, Lester H, Hernandez-Patlan D, Solis-Cruz B, Fuente-Martinez B, Hernandez-Velasco X, Hargis BM, Tellez-Isaias G. Assessment of Fermented Soybean Meal on Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Neonatal Turkey Poults. Animals. 2020; 10(10):1849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101849

Chicago/Turabian Style

Morales-Mena, Arantxa, Sergio Martínez-González, Kyle D. Teague, Lucas E. Graham, Roberto Señas-Cuesta, Christine N. Vuong, Howard Lester, Daniel Hernandez-Patlan, Bruno Solis-Cruz, Benjamin Fuente-Martinez, Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco, Billy M. Hargis, and Guillermo Tellez-Isaias. 2020. "Assessment of Fermented Soybean Meal on Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Neonatal Turkey Poults" Animals 10, no. 10: 1849. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101849

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Assessment of Fermented Soybean Meal on Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Neonatal Turkey Poults

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