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5 February 2026

CorbuAI: A Multimodal Artificial Intelligence-Based Architectural Design (AIAD) Framework for Computer-Generated Residential Building Design

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1
School of Smart City Engineering, Qingdao Huanghai University, Qingdao 266427, China
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Research Institute of Spatial Intelligence (RISI), Qingdao Huanghai University, Qingdao 266427, China
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School of Architecture and Energy Engineering, Wenzhou University of Technology, Wenzhou 325035, China
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Institute of Urban and Sustainable Development, City University of Macau, Avenida Padre Tomás Pereira, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
This article belongs to the Special Issue Data-Driven Intelligence for Sustainable Urban Renewal

Abstract

Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into residential architectural design faces challenges due to fragmented workflows and the lack of localized datasets. This study proposes the CorbuAI framework, hypothesizing that a multimodal AI system integrating Pix2pix-GAN and Stable Diffusion (SD) can streamline the transition from floor plan generation to elevation and interior design within a specific regional context. We developed a custom dataset featuring 2335 manually refined Chinese residential floor plans and 1570 elevation images. The methodology employs a specialized U-Net V2.0 generator for functional layout synthesis and an SD-based model for stylistic transfer and elevation rendering. Evaluation was conducted through both subjective professional scoring and objective metrics, including the Perceptual Hash Algorithm (pHash). Results demonstrate that CorbuAI achieves high accuracy in spatial allocation (scoring 0.88/1.0) and high structural consistency in elevation generation (mean pHash similarity of 0.82). The framework significantly reduces design iteration time while maintaining professional aesthetic standards. This research provides a scalable AI-driven methodology for automated residential design, bridging the gap between schematic layouts and visual representation in the Chinese architectural context.

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