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Minerals
Volume 9
Issue 12
10.3390/min9120751
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Article

Micro-Raman Study of Thermal Transformations of Sulfide and Oxysalt Minerals Based on the Heat Induced by Laser

by
Shichuan Xi
1,2,3,4,
Xin Zhang
1,2,3,4,*,
Zhendong Luan
1,4,
Zengfeng Du
1,4,
Lianfu Li
1,3,4,
Zhengwei Liang
1,3,4,
Chao Lian
1,4 and
Jun Yan
1,4
1
Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment & Center of Deep Sea Research, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
2
Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
3
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
4
Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Minerals 2019, 9(12), 751; https://doi.org/10.3390/min9120751
Received: 8 November 2019 / Revised: 28 November 2019 / Accepted: 29 November 2019 / Published: 3 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Section Crystallography and Physical Chemistry of Minerals & Nanominerals)
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Abstract

The minerals in the hydrothermal and cold seep system form at different temperatures and show responses to the laser power to varying degrees. Here, we focus on the heat-induced by laser to study thermal transformations of the chalcopyrite, covellite, pyrite, barite, and aragonite based on Raman spectroscopy. Chalcopyrite mainly transforms into hematite, and covellite mainly transforms into chalcocite with the increase of laser power. Interestingly, comparing with the previous study, the pyrite can transform to the marcasite firstly, and form hematite finally. We also find that high-temperature opaque chalcopyrite is more likely to occur thermal transformations due to the smaller absolute energy difference (|ΔE1|) based on the frontier orbital theory. In contrast, the oxysalt minerals won’t transform into new components under high laser power. However, the structure of the barite has been destroyed by the high laser power, while the more transparent aragonite is not affected by the high laser power due to the laser penetrates through the transparent aragonite crystal and causes little heat absorption. Finally, we established the minimum laser power densities for thermal transformations of these minerals formed under different environments. The above study provides a simple way to study the thermal transformations of minerals by the local heat-induced by laser and also enlightens us to identify the minerals phases precisely. View Full-Text
Keywords: Raman spectroscopy; sulfide minerals; oxysalt; thermal transformations; laser power densities Raman spectroscopy; sulfide minerals; oxysalt; thermal transformations; laser power densities
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

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MDPI and ACS Style

Xi, S.; Zhang, X.; Luan, Z.; Du, Z.; Li, L.; Liang, Z.; Lian, C.; Yan, J. Micro-Raman Study of Thermal Transformations of Sulfide and Oxysalt Minerals Based on the Heat Induced by Laser. Minerals 2019, 9, 751. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9120751

AMA Style

Xi S, Zhang X, Luan Z, Du Z, Li L, Liang Z, Lian C, Yan J. Micro-Raman Study of Thermal Transformations of Sulfide and Oxysalt Minerals Based on the Heat Induced by Laser. Minerals. 2019; 9(12):751. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9120751

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xi, Shichuan, Xin Zhang, Zhendong Luan, Zengfeng Du, Lianfu Li, Zhengwei Liang, Chao Lian, and Jun Yan. 2019. "Micro-Raman Study of Thermal Transformations of Sulfide and Oxysalt Minerals Based on the Heat Induced by Laser" Minerals 9, no. 12: 751. https://doi.org/10.3390/min9120751

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