Correction: Lanz et al. The InflateSAR Campaign: Developing Refugee Vessel Detection Capabilities with Polarimetric SAR. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 2008

Lanz, Peter; Marino, Armando; Simpson, Morgan David; Brinkhoff, Thomas; Köster, Frank; Möller, Matthias

doi:10.3390/rs15225344

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Lanz et al. The InflateSAR Campaign: Developing Refugee Vessel Detection Capabilities with Polarimetric SAR. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 2008

by

Peter Lanz

^1,2,*

,

Armando Marino

³

,

Morgan David Simpson

³

,

Thomas Brinkhoff

²

,

Frank Köster

^1,4 and

Matthias Möller

⁵

¹

Department of Computing Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstraße 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany

²

Institute for Applied Photogrammetry and Geoinformatics, Jade University Oldenburg, Ofener Str. 16/19, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany

³

Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK

⁴

Institute for AI Safety and Security, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Rathausallee 12, 53757 Sankt Augustin, Germany

⁵

Faculty for Humanities and Cultural Sciences, Otto-Friedrich-University of Bamberg, Am Kranen, 96045 Bamberg, Germany

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Remote Sens. 2023, 15(22), 5344; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225344

Submission received: 26 June 2023 / Accepted: 19 July 2023 / Published: 13 November 2023

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Remote Sensing for Marine Environmental Disaster Response)

Download

Browse Figures

Versions Notes

Error in Figure

In the original publication [1], there was a mistake in the legend for Figures 11a–h, 12a–d and 13a–d. All 16 Figures have the headline “Incidence Angle” which is wrong and was removed in the corrected figures below. The correct Figure 11, Figure 12 and Figure 13 appears below.

Error in Table

In the original publication, there was a mistake in Tables 11–13 as published. The names of the detectors in row 5 (“PolRatio1”) and in row 6 (“PolRatio2”) are incomplete. The corrected Table 11, Table 12 and Table 13 appears below.

The authors state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. This correction was approved by the Academic Editor. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

Lanz, P.; Marino, A.; Simpson, M.D.; Brinkhoff, T.; Köster, F.; Möller, M. The InflateSAR Campaign: Developing Refugee Vessel Detection Capabilities with Polarimetric SAR. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 2008. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

Figure 11. Comparison of the detector AUCs for different wave heights for HH VV. (a) Wind: cross, incidence angle: low and boat orientation: 45°. (b) Wind: cross, incidence angle: low and boat orientation: 90°. (c) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: low and boat orientation: 45°. (d) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: low and boat orientation: 90°. (e) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: medium and boat orientation: 45°. (f) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: medium and boat orientation: 90°. (g) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: high and boat orientation: 45°. (h) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: high and boat orientation: 90°.

Figure 12. Comparison of the detector AUCs for different wave height for HV HH. (a) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: medium and boat orientation: 45°. (b) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: medium and boat orientation: 90°. (c) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: high and boat orientation: 45°. (d) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: high and boat orientation: 90°.

Figure 13. Comparison of the detector AUCs for different wave heights for VH VV. (a) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: medium and boat orientation: 45°. (b) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: medium and boat orientation: 90°. (c) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: high and boat orientation: 45°. (d) Wind: up/down, incidence angle: high and boat orientation: 90°.

Table 11. The AUCs of the vessel-detection algorithms with different sensor parameters. The background colours indicate different AUCs from white (low AUCs) to dark green (very high AUCs).

Polarization	HH VV			HV HH		VH VV
Incidence Angle	Low	Medium	High	Medium	High	Medium	High	Avg
PMF	0.787	0.888	0.976	0.996	0.906	0.945	0.995	0.928
PWF	0.779	0.882	0.975	0.997	0.912	0.941	0.995	0.926
PNF	0.67	0.822	0.956	0.994	0.881	0.871	0.986	0.883
PolEntropy	0.834	0.813	0.534	0.046	0.279	0.559	0.373	0.491
PolRatio1/3	0.529	0.768	0.947	0.913	0.689	0.714	0.939	0.786
PolRatio2/4	0.554	0.599	0.849	0.983	0.9	0.768	0.936	0.799
SubCorr_HH	0.565	0.688	0.744	0.9	0.608			0.701
SubCorr_VV	0.528	0.557	0.684			0.604	0.481	0.571
SubCorr_cross				0.785	0.531	0.483	0.537	0.584
CACFAR_HH	0.6	0.775	0.975	0.98	0.943			0.854
CACFAR_VV	0.628	0.695	0.915			0.798	0.946	0.797
CACFAR_cross				0.972	0.701	0.766	0.909	0.837
PolSym				0.999	0.92	0.895	0.991	0.951
avg	0.647	0.749	0.856	0.869	0.752	0.759	0.826

Table 12. The AUCs of the vessel-detection algorithms with high sea states (SPAN > −17 dB). The background colours indicate different AUCs from white (low AUCs) to dark green (very high AUCs).

Polarization	HH VV			HV HH		VH VV
Incidence Angle	Low	Medium	High	Medium	High	Medium	High	Avg
PMF	0.787	0.843	0.935		0.728	0.945		0.848
PWF	0.779	0.83	0.932		0.745	0.941		0.846
PNF	0.67	0.75	0.887		0.662	0.871		0.768
PolEntropy	0.834	0.804	0.9		0.506	0.559		0.721
PolRatio1/3	0.529	0.669	0.858		0.664	0.714		0.687
PolRatio2/4	0.554	0.521	0.64		0.714	0.768		0.639
SubCorr_HH	0.565	0.634	0.455		0.58			0.558
SubCorr_VV	0.528	0.494	0.468			0.604		0.523
SubCorr_cross					0.551	0.483		0.517
CACFAR_HH	0.6	0.666	0.931		0.85			0.762
CACFAR_VV	0.628	0.59	0.758			0.798		0.694
CACFAR_cross					0.723	0.766		0.745
PolSym					0.776	0.895		0.835
avg	0.647	0.68	0.776		0.682	0.759

Table 13. The AUCs of the vessel-detection algorithms with different orientations of the rubber vessel. The blue background colours indicate better AUCs for the 45° inclined vessel, the orange colours show higher AUCs for the vessel oriented at 90°.

Polarization	HH VV			HV HH		VH VV
Incidence Angle	Low	Medium	High	Medium	High	Medium	High	Avg
PMF	0.23	−0.07	−0.01	0	0.08	0	0.01	0.03
PWF	0.25	−0.08	−0.02	0	0.09	0	0.01	0.04
PNF	0.22	−0.10	0.05	−0.01	0.04	0.08	0.02	0.04
PolEntropy	0.06	0.02	0.12	0.01	−0.17	0.51	−0.50	0.01
PolRatio1/3	0	−0.05	0	−0.02	0.05	0.44	0.1	0.07
PolRatio2/4	0.22	−0.01	−0.05	−0.02	0.09	−0.35	0.12	0
SubCorr_HH	0	−0.19	−0.13	−0.18	−0.12			−0.13
SubCorr_VV	0.07	−0.24	−0.18			−0.26	0.3	−0.06
SubCorr_cross				−0.35	−0.06	0.15	−0.09	−0.09
CACFAR_HH	0.05	−0.06	0.03	−0.03	−0.01			0
CACFAR_VV	0.22	−0.01	0.03			−0.20	0.09	0.03
CACFAR_cross				−0.06	0.03	0.46	0.14	0.14
PolSym				0	0.02	0.09	0.02	0.03
avg	0.13	−0.08	−0.02	−0.06	0	0.08	0.02	0.01

Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content.

© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Lanz, P.; Marino, A.; Simpson, M.D.; Brinkhoff, T.; Köster, F.; Möller, M. Correction: Lanz et al. The InflateSAR Campaign: Developing Refugee Vessel Detection Capabilities with Polarimetric SAR. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 2008. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 5344. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225344

AMA Style

Lanz P, Marino A, Simpson MD, Brinkhoff T, Köster F, Möller M. Correction: Lanz et al. The InflateSAR Campaign: Developing Refugee Vessel Detection Capabilities with Polarimetric SAR. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 2008. Remote Sensing. 2023; 15(22):5344. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225344

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lanz, Peter, Armando Marino, Morgan David Simpson, Thomas Brinkhoff, Frank Köster, and Matthias Möller. 2023. "Correction: Lanz et al. The InflateSAR Campaign: Developing Refugee Vessel Detection Capabilities with Polarimetric SAR. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 2008" Remote Sensing 15, no. 22: 5344. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225344

APA Style

Lanz, P., Marino, A., Simpson, M. D., Brinkhoff, T., Köster, F., & Möller, M. (2023). Correction: Lanz et al. The InflateSAR Campaign: Developing Refugee Vessel Detection Capabilities with Polarimetric SAR. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 2008. Remote Sensing, 15(22), 5344. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15225344

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Menu

Correction: Lanz et al. The InflateSAR Campaign: Developing Refugee Vessel Detection Capabilities with Polarimetric SAR. Remote Sens. 2023, 15, 2008

Error in Figure

Error in Table

Reference

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI