Correction: Lee et al. Development of Meso- and Macro-Pore Carbonization Technology from Biochar in Treating the Stumps of Representative Trees in Taiwan. Sustainability 2022, 14, 14792

Shih-Chi Lee; Yutaka Kitamura; Chuan-Chi Chien; Chun-Shen Cheng; Jen-Hao Cheng; Shu-Hsien Tsai; Chin-Cheng Hsieh

doi:10.3390/su15086802

,

and

¹

Central Region Campus, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Nantou 310401, Taiwan

²

Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan

³

Department of Biomechatronics Engineering, National Ping-Tung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Sustainability2023, 15(8), 6802;https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086802

Version Notes

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The authors would like to make the following corrections about the published paper [1]. The changes are as follows:

(1): Authors would like to delete pH column and move all columns to the left, adding “Activator” to the last column. The following table, present in the original article:

Table 3. Measurement results of pore characteristics of each type of biochar after activation and modification (n = 3). The data of only high temperature carbonization but not activated are also attached to the reference for discussion.

Sample Source	Carbonization Temp. (°C)	Carbonization Period (min.)	pH	Specific Surface Area (SSA) (m²/g)	Microporous SSA (m²/g)	Meso and Macroporous SSA(m²/g)	Total pore Volume (mL/g)	Microporous Volume (mL/g)	Meso and Macroporous Volumn (mL/g)	Meso and Macroporous SSA %	Meso and Macroporous Volumn %
Leucaena leucocephala	900	30	82.46	37.34	45.12	0.0926	0.017	0.0756	54.72	81.64	N/A
Ziziphus jujuba	900	30	325.4	270.58	54.82	0.2232	0.1636	0.0596	16.85	26.70	N/A
Syzygium samarangense	900	30	102.79	42.70	60.09	0.1243	0.053	0.0713	58.46	57.36	N/A
Leucaena leucocephala	900	60	231.683	169.150	62.540	0.192	0.108	0.084	26.99	43.71	oyster shell powder
Ziziphus jujuba	900	60	330.960	258.330	72.630	0.248	0.219	0.029	21.95	11.52	oyster shell powder
Syzygium samarangense	900	60	357.907	278.480	79.430	0.278	0.171	0.107	22.19	38.46	oyster shell powder
Leucaena leucocephala	900	60	396.17	326.89	69.82	0.2782	0.1981	0.0801	17.62	28.79	KOH
Ziziphus jujuba	900	60	433.94	345.88	88.06	0.3197	0.2172	0.1025	20.29	32.06	KOH
Syzygium samarangense	900	60	575	498.11	76.89	0.3884	0.2968	0.0916	13.37	23.58	KOH
Leucaena leucocephala	900	60	251.72	179.63	72.09	0.209	0.0898	0.1192	28.64	57.03	H₃PO₄
Ziziphus jujuba	900	60	144.89	103.81	41.08	0.1288	0.0544	0.0744	28.35	57.76	H₃PO₄
Syzygium samarangense	900	60	633.98	570.8	63.18	0.3796	0.2746	0.105	9.97	27.66	H₃PO₄

should be replaced with:

Table 3. Measurement results of pore characteristics of each type of biochar after activation and modification (n = 3). The data of only high temperature carbonization but not activated are also attached to the reference for discussion.

Sample Source	Carbonization Temp. (^oC)	Carbonization Period (min.)	Specific Surface Area (SSA) (m²/g)	Microporous SSA (m²/g)	Meso and Macroporous SSA (m²/g)	Total Pore Volume (mL/g)	Microporous Volume (mL/g)	Meso and Macroporous Volumn (mL/g)	Meso and Macroporous SSA %	Meso and Macroporous Volumn %	Activator
W9-L. leucocephala	900	30	82.46	37.34	45.12	0.0926	0.017	0.0756	54.72	81.64	N/A
R9-Z. jujuba	900	30	325.4	270.58	54.82	0.2232	0.1636	0.0596	16.85	26.70	N/A
S9-S. samarangense	900	30	102.79	42.70	60.09	0.1243	0.053	0.0713	58.46	57.36	N/A
W9P-L. leucocephala	900	60	231.683	169.150	62.540	0.192	0.108	0.084	26.99	43.71	oyster shell powder
R9P-Z. jujuba	900	60	330.960	258.330	72.630	0.248	0.219	0.029	21.95	11.52	oyster shell powder
S9P-S. samarangense	900	60	357.907	278.480	79.430	0.278	0.171	0.107	22.19	38.46	oyster shell powder
W9K-L. leucocephala	900	60	396.17	326.89	69.82	0.2782	0.1981	0.0801	17.62	28.79	KOH
R9K-Z. jujuba	900	60	433.94	345.88	88.06	0.3197	0.2172	0.1025	20.29	32.06	KOH
S9K-S. samarangense	900	60	575	498.11	76.89	0.3884	0.2968	0.0916	13.37	23.58	KOH
W9H-L. leucocephala	900	60	251.72	179.63	72.09	0.209	0.0898	0.1192	28.64	57.03	H₃PO₄
R9H-Z. jujuba	900	60	144.89	103.81	41.08	0.1288	0.0544	0.0744	28.35	57.76	H₃PO₄
S9H-S. samarangense	900	60	633.98	570.8	63.18	0.3796	0.2746	0.105	9.97	27.66	H₃PO₄

The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that the scientific conclusions are unaffected. The original publication has also been updated.

Reference

Lee, S.-C.; Kitamura, Y.; Chien, C.-C.; Cheng, C.-S.; Cheng, J.-H.; Tsai, S.-H.; Hsieh, C.-C. Development of Meso- and Macro-Pore Carbonization Technology from Biochar in Treating the Stumps of Representative Trees in Taiwan. Sustainability 2022, 14, 14792. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]

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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Correction: Lee et al. Development of Meso- and Macro-Pore Carbonization Technology from Biochar in Treating the Stumps of Representative Trees in Taiwan. Sustainability 2022, 14, 14792

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