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Viruses, Volume 14, Issue 9

September 2022 - 241 articles

Cover Story: The 2022 monkeypox pandemic has reinforced the need to expand our understanding of virological mechanisms that govern disease and transmission. The intravenous macaque model is an important tool to study these mechanisms and to evaluate countermeasures against monkeypox and smallpox. We tested whether enriching our inoculums for the rarely utilized morphogenic form of poxviruses, extracellular virus (EV), could invoke disease more efficiently in macaques. Under our experimental conditions, we discovered that the integrity of the extracellular form was compromised by inherent factors in nonhuman primate serum. We also determined that the EV that is detectable in the oropharynx of infected macaques could play a role in respiratory transmission. View this paper
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Articles (241)

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
3,194 Views
12 Pages
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Antiviral Activity of Crude Polysaccharide Derived from Seaweed against IHNV and IPNV In Vitro

  • Guangming Ren,
  • Liming Xu,
  • Jingzhuang Zhao,
  • Yizhi Shao,
  • Yujie Lin,
  • Linfang Li,
  • Qi Liu,
  • Tongyan Lu and
  • Qiya Zhang
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2080;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092080

19 September 2022

Both infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) are the causative agents of acute and highly contagious diseases of juvenile salmonids, resulting in severe economic losses to these cold-water fish g...

Full Article
  • Review
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,021 Views
9 Pages
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Romania, a Harbour of HIV-1 Subtype F1: Where Are We after 33 Years of HIV-1 Infection?

  • Mădălina Preda and
  • Loredana Cornelia Sabina Manolescu
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2081;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092081

19 September 2022

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been a major public health concern worldwide for more than 30 years, including in Romania. The F1 HIV-1 subtype was exported from Angola to Romania most probably because of the two countries&r...

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  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
4,478 Views
17 Pages
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Pathogenicity of Avian Polyomaviruses and Prospect of Vaccine Development

  • Chen-Wei Wang,
  • Yung-Liang Chen,
  • Simon J. T. Mao,
  • Tzu-Chieh Lin,
  • Ching-Wen Wu,
  • Duangsuda Thongchan,
  • Chi-Young Wang and
  • Hung-Yi Wu
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2079;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092079

19 September 2022

Polyomaviruses are nonenveloped icosahedral viruses with a double-stranded circular DNA containing approximately 5000 bp and 5–6 open reading frames. In contrast to mammalian polyomaviruses (MPVs), avian polyomaviruses (APVs) exhibit high letha...

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  • Reply
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,646 Views
2 Pages
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Reply to Alberts, P. Comment on “Hietanen et al. Cytolytic Properties and Genome Analysis of Rigvir® Oncolytic Virotherapy Virus and Other Echovirus 7 Isolates. Viruses 2022, 14, 525”

  • Eero Hietanen and
  • Petri Susi
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2078;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092078

19 September 2022

Our work focused on comparing the cellular effects of Rigvir to other echovirus 7 isolates, because originally Rigvir is also an echovirus 7 isolate [...]

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  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,851 Views
15 Pages
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Quantification of APOBEC3 Mutation Rates Affecting the VP1 Gene of BK Polyomavirus In Vivo

  • Dorian McIlroy,
  • Cécile Peltier,
  • My-Linh Nguyen,
  • Louise Manceau,
  • Lenha Mobuchon,
  • Nicolas Le Baut,
  • Ngoc-Khanh Nguyen,
  • Minh-Chau Tran,
  • The-Cuong Nguyen and
  • Céline Bressollette-Bodin
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2077;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092077

19 September 2022

Mutations in the BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) capsid accumulate in kidney transplant (KTx) recipients with persistent virus replication. They are associated with neutralization escape and appear to arise as a result of cytosine deamination by host cell AP...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,270 Views
11 Pages
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Structural Basis for the Inhibition of Coronaviral Main Proteases by a Benzothiazole-Based Inhibitor

  • Xiaohui Hu,
  • Cheng Lin,
  • Qin Xu,
  • Xuelan Zhou,
  • Pei Zeng,
  • Peter J. McCormick,
  • Haihai Jiang,
  • Jian Li and
  • Jin Zhang
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2075;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092075

18 September 2022

The ongoing spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused hundreds of millions of cases and millions of victims worldwide with serious consequences to global health and economies. Although many vaccines protecting...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,354 Views
22 Pages
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Genetic Evolution of Avian Influenza A (H9N2) Viruses Isolated from Domestic Poultry in Uganda Reveals Evidence of Mammalian Host Adaptation, Increased Virulence and Reduced Sensitivity to Baloxavir

  • Gladys Atim,
  • Titus Tugume,
  • Qouilazoni A. Ukuli,
  • Bernard Erima,
  • Andrew Mubiru,
  • Hannah Kibuuka,
  • Edison Mworozi,
  • Pamela McKenzie,
  • Jasmine C. M. Turner and
  • David Walker
  • + 7 authors
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2074;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092074

18 September 2022

A (H9N2) avian influenza A viruses were first detected in Uganda in 2017 and have since established themselves in live bird markets. The aim of this study was to establish the subsequent genetic evolution of H9N2 viruses in Uganda. Cloacal samples co...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
4,326 Views
17 Pages
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Development and Characterization of a Genetically Stable Infectious Clone for a Genotype I Isolate of Dengue Virus Serotype 1

  • Mingyue Hu,
  • Tiantian Wu,
  • Yang Yang,
  • Tongling Chen,
  • Jiawei Hao,
  • Youchuan Wei,
  • Tingrong Luo,
  • De Wu and
  • Yi-Ping Li
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2073;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092073

18 September 2022

Dengue virus (DENV) is primarily transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, and symptoms caused may range from mild dengue fever to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Reverse genetic...

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  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,912 Views
19 Pages
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Lysyl Oxidase-like Protein Recognizes Viral Envelope Proteins and Bacterial Polysaccharides against Pathogen Infection via Induction of Expression of Antimicrobial Peptides

  • Peng-Yuan Lu,
  • Guo-Juan Niu,
  • Pan-Pan Hong and
  • Jin-Xing Wang
Viruses2022, 14(9), 2072;https://doi.org/10.3390/v14092072

18 September 2022

Lysyl oxidases (LOXs) are copper-dependent monoamine oxidases, and they play critical roles in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. The LOX and LOX-like (LOXL) proteins also have a variety of biological functions, such as development and growth reg...

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Viruses - ISSN 1999-4915
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