Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Viruses and Cells
2.2. Virus Titrations
2.3. Construction of the ASFV A104R Deletion Mutant
2.4. Next-Generation Sequencing of ASFV
2.5. Evaluation of ASFV-G-ΔA104R Virulence in Domestic Pigs
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. A104R Gene Is Conserved across Different ASFV Isolates
3.2. Development of the ASFV-G-ΔA104R Deletion Mutant
3.3. Replication of ASFV-G-∆A104R in Primary Swine Macrophages
3.4. Assessment of ASFV-G-∆A104R Virulence in Swine
3.5. Evaluation of the Protective Effect of the Infection with ASFV-G-∆A104R
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Virus (102 HAD50) | No. of Survivors/Total | Mean Time to Death (±SD) | Fever | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of Days to Onset (±SD) | Duration No. of Days (±SD) | Maximum Daily Temp, °C (±SD) | |||
ASFV-G | 0/5 | 6.25 (0.55) | 4.4 (0.84) | 2 (1.1) | 40.53 (0.55) |
ASFV-G-ΔA104R | 4/5 | 8 * | 5 | 3 | 40.14 (1.51) |
Virus (102 HAD50) | No. of Survivors/Total | Mean Time to Death (±SD) | Fever | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of Days to Onset (±SD) | Duration No. of Days (±SD) | Maximum Daily Temp, °C (±SD) | |||
Mock | 0/4 | 5 (1.83) | 4 (1.15) | 1 (0.82) | 40.06 (0.89) |
ASFV-G-ΔA104R | 0/4 | 5.5 (1.5) | 4.75 (0.95) | 0.75 (0.5) | 40.75 (0.27) |
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Ramirez-Medina, E.; Vuono, E.A.; Pruitt, S.; Rai, A.; Espinoza, N.; Valladares, A.; Silva, E.; Velazquez-Salinas, L.; Borca, M.V.; Gladue, D.P. Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs. Viruses 2022, 14, 1112. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14051112
Ramirez-Medina E, Vuono EA, Pruitt S, Rai A, Espinoza N, Valladares A, Silva E, Velazquez-Salinas L, Borca MV, Gladue DP. Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs. Viruses. 2022; 14(5):1112. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14051112
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamirez-Medina, Elizabeth, Elizabeth A. Vuono, Sarah Pruitt, Ayushi Rai, Nallely Espinoza, Alyssa Valladares, Ediane Silva, Lauro Velazquez-Salinas, Manuel V. Borca, and Douglas P. Gladue. 2022. "Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs" Viruses 14, no. 5: 1112. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14051112
APA StyleRamirez-Medina, E., Vuono, E. A., Pruitt, S., Rai, A., Espinoza, N., Valladares, A., Silva, E., Velazquez-Salinas, L., Borca, M. V., & Gladue, D. P. (2022). Deletion of African Swine Fever Virus Histone-like Protein, A104R from the Georgia Isolate Drastically Reduces Virus Virulence in Domestic Pigs. Viruses, 14(5), 1112. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14051112