Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Interacts with Zika Virus Envelope Protein and Contributes to a Productive Infection
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Virus Strains
2.2. Cells
2.3. Virus Growth and Titration
2.4. Small Molecule Inhibitor Assays
2.5. Transfection of Nucleic Acids and Silencing of Gene Expression
2.6. Freeze/Thaw Assay
2.7. Dual Luciferase Assay
2.8. Protein Immunoprecipitation (IP)
2.9. Peptide Analysis by LC-MS/MS
2.10. Data Analysis
2.11. Immunoblot Analysis
2.12. Immunofluorescence Microscopy
2.13. cDNA Synthesis and RT-qPCR
2.14. Statistical Analysis
2.15. Data Availability
3. Results
3.1. ZIKV E Interacts with GRP78
3.2. Small Molecule Inhibitors of GRP78-Mediated UPR do not Affect Viral Replication
3.3. GRP78 Depletion Reduces ZIKV Infectious Titre
3.4. GRP78 Knockdown Specifically Impacts Viral Translation
3.5. Viral dsRNA Localisation is Disrupted Following GRP78 Depletion
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Protein | UniProt Accession | Infection, Sample 1 | Infection, Sample 2 | Infection, Sample 3 | Control, Sample 4 | Control, Sample 5 | Control, Sample 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LMNA | P02545 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No |
PGAM5 | Q96HS1 | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | No |
GRP78 | P11021 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
OASL | Q15646 | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No |
TAO1 | Q7L7X3 | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No |
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Royle, J.; Ramírez-Santana, C.; Akpunarlieva, S.; Donald, C.L.; Gestuveo, R.J.; Anaya, J.-M.; Merits, A.; Burchmore, R.; Kohl, A.; Varjak, M. Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Interacts with Zika Virus Envelope Protein and Contributes to a Productive Infection. Viruses 2020, 12, 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12050524
Royle J, Ramírez-Santana C, Akpunarlieva S, Donald CL, Gestuveo RJ, Anaya J-M, Merits A, Burchmore R, Kohl A, Varjak M. Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Interacts with Zika Virus Envelope Protein and Contributes to a Productive Infection. Viruses. 2020; 12(5):524. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12050524
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoyle, Jamie, Carolina Ramírez-Santana, Snezhana Akpunarlieva, Claire L. Donald, Rommel J. Gestuveo, Juan-Manuel Anaya, Andres Merits, Richard Burchmore, Alain Kohl, and Margus Varjak. 2020. "Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Interacts with Zika Virus Envelope Protein and Contributes to a Productive Infection" Viruses 12, no. 5: 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12050524
APA StyleRoyle, J., Ramírez-Santana, C., Akpunarlieva, S., Donald, C. L., Gestuveo, R. J., Anaya, J.-M., Merits, A., Burchmore, R., Kohl, A., & Varjak, M. (2020). Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 Interacts with Zika Virus Envelope Protein and Contributes to a Productive Infection. Viruses, 12(5), 524. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12050524