Design of a Hybrid Energy System with Energy Storage for Standalone DC Microgrid Application
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Electrical Engineering Department, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 35131, Tanzania
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Electrical Engineering Department, Dar es Salaam Insititute of Technology, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 2958, Tanzania
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Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Pierluigi Siano and Adalgisa Sinicropi
Energies 2021, 14(18), 5994; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185994
Received: 11 August 2021
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Revised: 30 August 2021
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Accepted: 14 September 2021
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Published: 21 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Topic Innovative Techniques for Smart Grids)
This paper presents microgrid-distributed energy resources (DERs) for a rural standalone system. It is made up of a solar photovoltaic (solar PV) system, battery energy storage system (BESS), and a wind turbine coupled to a permanent magnet synchronous generator (WT-PMSG). The DERs are controlled by maximum power point tracking (MPPT)-based proportional integral (PI) controllers for both maximum power tracking and error feedback compensation. The MPPT uses the perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm for tracking the maximum power point of the DERs. The PI gains are tuned using the Ziegler–Nichols method. The developed system was built and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink under two conditions—constant load, and step-load changes. The controllers enabled the BESS to charge even during conditions of varying load and other environmental factors such as change of irradiance and wind speed. The reference was tracked extremely well by the output voltage of the DC microgrid. This is useful research for electrifying the rural islanded areas which are too far from the grid.
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Keywords:
solar photovoltaic (PV); wind turbine coupled to permanent magnet synchronous generator (WT-PMSG); battery energy storage system (BESS); maximum power point tracking (MPPT); DC/DC converters
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MDPI and ACS Style
Juma, M.I.; Mwinyiwiwa, B.M.M.; Msigwa, C.J.; Mushi, A.T. Design of a Hybrid Energy System with Energy Storage for Standalone DC Microgrid Application. Energies 2021, 14, 5994. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185994
AMA Style
Juma MI, Mwinyiwiwa BMM, Msigwa CJ, Mushi AT. Design of a Hybrid Energy System with Energy Storage for Standalone DC Microgrid Application. Energies. 2021; 14(18):5994. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185994
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuma, Mwaka I., Bakari M. M. Mwinyiwiwa, Consalva J. Msigwa, and Aviti T. Mushi. 2021. "Design of a Hybrid Energy System with Energy Storage for Standalone DC Microgrid Application" Energies 14, no. 18: 5994. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14185994
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