Study on the Tri-axial Time-Dependent Deformation and Constitutive Model of Glauberite Salt Rock under the Coupled Effects of Compression and Dissolution
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of Specimen for Tri-axial Compression Test
2.2. Microstructural Observation of Glauberite
2.3. Testing Apparatus
2.3.1. Tri-axial Apparatus
2.3.2. X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography (μCT)
2.4. Experimental Methodology
3. Results
3.1. Time-Dependent Deformation During Loading
3.2. Time-Dependent Deformation During the Hydraulic Connection Stage
3.3. Time-Dependent Deformation at the Saturated-Water Stage
3.4. Time-Dependent Deformation at the Drainage Stage
3.5. Analysis of the Fractures before and after the Experiment
4. Discussion
4.1. Time-Dependent Deformation Mechanism of Glauberite Salt Rock under the Coupled Effects of Compression and Dissolution
4.2. Constitutive Model Development and Parameter Identification
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Density/(g/cm3) | Solubility of Sodium Sulfate/(g/L) [2] | Solubility of Calcium Sulfate/(g/L) [2] | Elastic Modulus/GPa [29] | Uniaxial Compressive Strength/MPa [29] |
---|---|---|---|---|
2.78 | 192.32 | 2.02 | 4.0 | 16.0 |
Glauberite | Quartz | Chlorite | Mica | Montmorillonite | Illite | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
75% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 2% | 6% | 4% |
Number | Diameter/mm | Height/mm | Axial Pressure/MPa | Confining Pressure/MPa | Infiltration Pressure/MPa |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 49.80 | 99.90 | 5 | 4 | 0 |
1 | 49.76 | 99.94 | 5 | 4 | 1 |
2 | 49.78 | 99.96 | 5 | 4 | 2 |
3 | 49.78 | 99.92 | 5 | 4 | 3 |
Number | Porosity before Testing/% | Porosity after Testing/% | Increment of Porosity/% | Mass before Testing/g | Mass after Testing/g | Mass Loss/g |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.276 | 1.729 | 1.453 | 199.45 | 188.40 | 11.05 |
2 | 0.237 | 3.142 | 2.905 | 198.26 | 175.30 | 22.94 |
3 | 0.265 | 3.269 | 3.004 | 200.10 | 174.35 | 25.75 |
Creep Stage | Sequence Number of Specimen | α/1 | G2/MPa | η/(MPa·h) | Correlation Coefficient/R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
a and b | 0 | -- | 653.84 | 27,127.6 | 0.95 |
1 | 0.00012 | 332.25 | 12,999.26 | 0.98 | |
2 | 0.00045 | 215.97 | 12,000.01 | 0.96 | |
3 | 0.00060 | 251.53 | 4483.82 | 0.96 |
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Cao, M.; Yin, S. Study on the Tri-axial Time-Dependent Deformation and Constitutive Model of Glauberite Salt Rock under the Coupled Effects of Compression and Dissolution. Energies 2020, 13, 1797. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071797
Cao M, Yin S. Study on the Tri-axial Time-Dependent Deformation and Constitutive Model of Glauberite Salt Rock under the Coupled Effects of Compression and Dissolution. Energies. 2020; 13(7):1797. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071797
Chicago/Turabian StyleCao, Mengtao, and Shunde Yin. 2020. "Study on the Tri-axial Time-Dependent Deformation and Constitutive Model of Glauberite Salt Rock under the Coupled Effects of Compression and Dissolution" Energies 13, no. 7: 1797. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13071797