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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GH19 Chitinase Gene Family in Sea Island Cotton

by
Jingjing Ma
1,†,
Yilei Long
2,†,
Jincheng Fu
1,
Nengshuang Shen
1,
Le Wang
1,
Shuaijun Wu
1,
Jing Li
1,
Quanjia Chen
1,
Qianli Zu
1,* and
Xiaojuan Deng
1,*
1
College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2
College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(8), 633; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47080633 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 27 June 2025 / Revised: 2 August 2025 / Accepted: 5 August 2025 / Published: 7 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Genomics and Comparative Genomics Analysis in Plants, 3rd Edition)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

In this study, GH19 chitinase (Chi) gene family was systematically identified and characterized using genomic assemblies from four cotton species: Gossypium barbadense, G. hirsutum, G. arboreum, and G. raimondii. A suite of analyses was performed, including genome-wide gene identification, physicochemical property characterization of the encoded proteins, subcellular localization prediction, phylogenetic reconstruction, chromosomal mapping, promoter cis-element analysis, and comprehensive expression profiling using transcriptomic data and qRT-PCR (including tissue-specific expression, hormone treatments, and Fusarium oxysporum infection assays). A total of 107 GH19 genes were identified across the four species (35 in G. barbadense, 37 in G. hirsutum, 19 in G. arboreum, and 16 in G. raimondii). The molecular weights of GH19 proteins ranged from 9.9 to 97.3 kDa, and they were predominantly predicted to localize to the extracellular space. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three well-conserved clades within this family. In tetraploid cotton, GH19 genes were unevenly distributed across 12 chromosomes, often clustering in certain regions, whereas in diploid species, they were confined to five chromosomes. Promoter analysis indicated that GH19 gene promoters contain numerous stress- and hormone-responsive motifs, including those for abscisic acid (ABA), ethylene (ET), and gibberellin (GA), as well as abundant light-responsive elements. The expression patterns of GH19 genes were largely tissue-specific; for instance, GbChi23 was predominantly expressed in the calyx, whereas GbChi19/21/22 were primarily expressed in the roots and stems. Overall, this study provides the first comprehensive genomic and functional characterization of the GH19 family in G. barbadense, laying a foundation for understanding its role in disease resistance mechanisms and aiding in the identification of candidate genes to enhance plant defense against biotic stress.
Keywords: Gossypium barbadense; chitinase; fusarium wilt; phytohormones; gene expression profile Gossypium barbadense; chitinase; fusarium wilt; phytohormones; gene expression profile

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Ma, J.; Long, Y.; Fu, J.; Shen, N.; Wang, L.; Wu, S.; Li, J.; Chen, Q.; Zu, Q.; Deng, X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GH19 Chitinase Gene Family in Sea Island Cotton. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47, 633. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47080633

AMA Style

Ma J, Long Y, Fu J, Shen N, Wang L, Wu S, Li J, Chen Q, Zu Q, Deng X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GH19 Chitinase Gene Family in Sea Island Cotton. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. 2025; 47(8):633. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47080633

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ma, Jingjing, Yilei Long, Jincheng Fu, Nengshuang Shen, Le Wang, Shuaijun Wu, Jing Li, Quanjia Chen, Qianli Zu, and Xiaojuan Deng. 2025. "Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GH19 Chitinase Gene Family in Sea Island Cotton" Current Issues in Molecular Biology 47, no. 8: 633. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47080633

APA Style

Ma, J., Long, Y., Fu, J., Shen, N., Wang, L., Wu, S., Li, J., Chen, Q., Zu, Q., & Deng, X. (2025). Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the GH19 Chitinase Gene Family in Sea Island Cotton. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 47(8), 633. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47080633

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