When Social Networks Meet D2D Communications: A Survey
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. System Description
- the proximity of devices for assuring higher bitrates, lower delays and reduced power consumption;
- the reuse of resources by simultaneously allowing both D2D direct-link communications and “infrastructured” communications (e.g., cellular or WiFi); and
- the use of a single link rather than involving resources for both an up- and a downlink.
- Relay discovery and peer selection: The efficiency of a D2D communication is mainly related to the neighbor discovery process that is necessary prior to the effective direct communication. Peer selection can be time and energy consuming if network support is not available.
- Communication mode selection: A device can select either an established transmission channel respecting the procedures and constraints of the used network infrastructure, or a D2D communication. Involving all the devices to take this decision can improve data transmission capacity and resource utilization.
- Spectrum resource allocation and management: D2D communications use the same spectrum resource and air interfaces as normal, structured communications. To use these resources more efficiently, D2D communications may be performed for example by reusing the same frequency channels, involving decision and scheduling methods for spectrum sharing.
3. How Social Ties Can Improve D2D Communications
3.1. Relay Discovery and Peer Selection
3.2. Communication Mode Selection
3.3. Spectrum Resource Allocation and Management
- Social-aware metrics: Considering the high variability of social-aware D2D communications both in time and in the type of applications and relationships between users, allocation mechanisms need to assure dynamic generalization and adaptation.
- Scheduling: Dynamic scheduling algorithms are crucial to improve resource allocation evaluating the resources necessary to set the users’ application demands and assigning them.
- Resource Heterogeneity: It is in terms of device spectrum diversities (e.g., time variance of the spectrum and features of channels) and capabilities (e.g., throughput, energy, and interfaces helpful for transmission).
- Resource Optimization: These kinds of mechanisms can assure the usage of the available resources in a better way, meeting the required service level accordingly.
- Estimation Accuracy: Social interaction between devices needs to carefully manage the monitoring of social-aware D2D links.
- Privacy: It is crucial to be assured by enabling device protection and social information protection (e.g., encrypting data and deploying a rigid policies concerning access personal information).
4. Lesson Learned
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Nitti, M.; Stelea, G.A.; Popescu, V.; Fadda, M. When Social Networks Meet D2D Communications: A Survey. Sensors 2019, 19, 396. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020396
Nitti M, Stelea GA, Popescu V, Fadda M. When Social Networks Meet D2D Communications: A Survey. Sensors. 2019; 19(2):396. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020396
Chicago/Turabian StyleNitti, Michele, George Alex Stelea, Vlad Popescu, and Mauro Fadda. 2019. "When Social Networks Meet D2D Communications: A Survey" Sensors 19, no. 2: 396. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19020396