The Floral Repressor GmFLC-like Is Involved in Regulating Flowering Time Mediated by Low Temperature in Soybean
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Glyma05g28130 Is a Homologue of AtFLC
2.2. Expression Profile and Biochemical Properties of GmFLC-like
2.3. Overexpression of GmFLC-like Caused Late Flowering in Arabidopsis
2.4. GmFLC-like Is Responsive to the Photoperiod and Low Temperature
2.5. Identification of GmFT2a as a Downstream Target of GmFLC-like
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials and Growth Conditions
4.2. Total RNA Isolation and qRT-PCR Analysis
4.3. Plasmid Construction
4.4. Sequence Analysis
4.5. Subcellular Localization of GmFLC-like Protein
4.6. Ectopic Expression of GmFLC-like in Arabidopsis
4.7. Photoperiod Treatment
4.8. Low-Temperature Treatment
4.9. Yeast One-Hybrid Assay
4.10. Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay
4.11. Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
4.12. Data Analysis
4.13. Data Availability
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
LD | long-day |
SD | short-day |
FLC | flowering locus C |
Y1H | yeast one-hybrid |
EMSA | electrophoretic mobility shift assay |
FT | flowering locus T |
FRI | frigida |
VIN3 | vernalization insensitive 3 |
COOLAIR | cold induced long antisense intragenic RNA |
COLDAIR | cold assisted intronic noncolding RNA |
SOC1 | suppressor of overexpression of constants 1 |
VRN1 | vernalization 1 |
VRN2 | vernalization 2 |
AP1 | apetala 1 |
MS | murashige and skoog |
TUB2 | tubulin beta chain 2 |
AbA | aureobasidin A |
IPTG | β-d-1-thiogalactopyranoside |
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cis-Element | Sequence (5′-3′) | Position (From ATG) | Description |
---|---|---|---|
Light regulation elements | |||
AE-box | AGAAACTT | -1089(-) | Part of a module for light response |
CATT-motif | GCATTC | -1467(-),-517(-) | Part of a light responsive element |
G-box | TACGTG | -134(-) | cis-acting regulatory element involved in light responsiveness |
TCT-motif | TCTTAC | -425(-) | Part of a light responsive element |
AT1-motif | AATAATTTTTTATT | -915(+) | Part of a light responsive module |
Box 4 | ATTAAT,TA(C/A)TTA | -1259(+),-498(+),-169(+),-574(+),-285(+) | Part of a conserved DNA module involved in light responsiveness |
Box I | TTTCAAA | -581(-),-506(-) | Light responsive element |
G-Box | CACGT(T/A) | -790(+),-117(+) | cis-acting regulatory element involved in light responsiveness |
as-2-box | GATAATGATT | -657(-) | Involved in shoot-specific expression and light responsiveness |
rbcS-CMA7a | GGCTATAAGG | -104(+) | Part of a light responsive element |
chs-CMA1a | TTACTTAA | -575(-) | Part of a light responsive element |
Hormone and development-related elements | |||
Circadian | CAANNNNATC | -86(-) | cis-acting regulatory element involved in circadian control |
Skn-1_motif | GTCAT | -148(+),-1396(+) | cis-acting regulatory element required for endosperm expression |
ABRE | (C/T)ACGTG | -139(+),-112(-) | cis-acting element involved in the abscisic acid responsiveness |
GARE-motif | TCTGTTG | -1071(-) | gibberellin-responsive element |
TCA | GAGAAGAATA,CCATTTTTTT | -1162(-),-751(-) | cis-acting element involved in salicylic acid responsiveness |
AuxRR-core | GGTCCAT | -748(-) | cis-acting regulatory element involved in auxin responsiveness |
Abiotic stress response elements | |||
HSE | AAAAAATTTA | -423(+) | cis-acting element involved in heat shock responsiveness |
MBS | (C/T)AACTG | -1081(-),-649(+) | MYB binding site involved in drought-inducibility |
ARE | TGGTTT | -1131(+) | cis-acting regulatory element essential for the anaerobic induction |
CE3 | AACGCGTGTC | -1330(+) | cis-acting element involved in ABA and VP1 responsiveness |
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Lyu, J.; Cai, Z.; Li, Y.; Suo, H.; Yi, R.; Zhang, S.; Nian, H. The Floral Repressor GmFLC-like Is Involved in Regulating Flowering Time Mediated by Low Temperature in Soybean. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041322
Lyu J, Cai Z, Li Y, Suo H, Yi R, Zhang S, Nian H. The Floral Repressor GmFLC-like Is Involved in Regulating Flowering Time Mediated by Low Temperature in Soybean. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(4):1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041322
Chicago/Turabian StyleLyu, Jing, Zhandong Cai, Yonghong Li, Haicui Suo, Rong Yi, Shuai Zhang, and Hai Nian. 2020. "The Floral Repressor GmFLC-like Is Involved in Regulating Flowering Time Mediated by Low Temperature in Soybean" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4: 1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041322