Multiple Regulatory Networks Are Activated during Cold Stress in Medicago sativa L.
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and discussion
2.1. Cell Membrane Stability, Lipid Peroxidation, and Photosynthesis
2.2. De Novo Assembly of Transcriptome and the Functional Annotation of Unigenes
2.3. Quantitative Real-Time PCR Verification
2.4. Identification and Clustering Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs)
2.5. GO Functional Analysis of the DEGs
2.6. KEGG Pathway Enrichment Analysis of the DEGs
2.7. Antioxidant Defense System-Related Genes in Cold Stress
2.8. Transcriptional Regulatory Networks are Involved in the Adaptation of Alfalfa to Cold Stress
2.9. Plant Hormone-Related DEGs
2.10. Cold Stress-Related Genes Functionally Classified through MapMan Analysis
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Plant Materials and Stress Treatments
3.2. Physiological Experiments and RNA Extraction
3.3. De Novo Assembly of Transcriptome
3.4. Quantitative Real-Time PCR Analysis
3.5. Differential Gene Expression, GO, and KEGG Enrichment Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
FPKM | Fragments Per Kilobase Of Exon Per Million Fragments Mapped |
Nr | NCBI non-redundant protein sequences |
GO | Gene Ontology |
KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
qRT-PCR | Quantitative real-time PCR |
GSH | Glutathione |
Pro | Proline |
CAT | Catalase |
POD | Peroxidase |
NGS | Next-generation sequencing |
DEGs | Differentially expressed genes |
ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
H2O2 | Hydrogen peroxide |
MDA | Malondialdehyde |
TFs | Transcription factors |
ABA | Abscisic acid |
STEM | Short Timeseries Expression Miner |
ANOVA | One-way analysis of variance |
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Zhou, Q.; Luo, D.; Chai, X.; Wu, Y.; Wang, Y.; Nan, Z.; Yang, Q.; Liu, W.; Liu, Z. Multiple Regulatory Networks Are Activated during Cold Stress in Medicago sativa L. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 3169. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103169
Zhou Q, Luo D, Chai X, Wu Y, Wang Y, Nan Z, Yang Q, Liu W, Liu Z. Multiple Regulatory Networks Are Activated during Cold Stress in Medicago sativa L. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018; 19(10):3169. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103169
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Qiang, Dong Luo, Xutian Chai, Yuguo Wu, Yanrong Wang, Zhibiao Nan, Qingchuan Yang, Wenxian Liu, and Zhipeng Liu. 2018. "Multiple Regulatory Networks Are Activated during Cold Stress in Medicago sativa L." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 10: 3169. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19103169