Essential Oils as Natural Biocides in Conservation of Cultural Heritage
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
5. Materials and Methods
5.1. Essential Oils (EOs)
5.2. Essential Oil Isolation and Chemical Characterization
5.3. Identification of Compounds
5.4. Pests
5.4.1. Fungal Colonization
5.4.2. Insect Infestation
5.5. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity
5.6. EO Volatile Compounds Exposition
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are not available from the authors. |
Biocide | Conc. (%) | Inhibition Halo (mm) |
---|---|---|
Origanum vulgare | 50.0 | 24 |
25.0 | 84 | |
12.5 | 9 | |
Thymus vulgaris | 50.0 | 20 |
25.0 | 14 | |
12.5 | 8 | |
Ethanol | 70 | <6 |
Benzalk–Cl | 0.2 | <6 |
Nipagin M | 0.2 | <6 |
LRI a | LRI b | Compound | T. vulgaris (%) | O. vulgare (%) | Id c |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
927 | 1028 | α-Pinene | 1.49 | 1.75 | 1, 2, 3 |
943 | 1060 | Camphene | 1.03 | - | 1, 2, 3 |
992 | 1149 | β-Myrcene | 2.00 | - | 1, 2, 3 |
1029 | 1255 | p-Cymene | 11.29 | 18.97 | 1, 2, 3 |
1061 | 1248 | γ-Terpinene | 2.52 | 4.50 | 1, 2 |
1086 | 1534 | β-Linalool | - | 2.81 | 1, 2, 3 |
1195 | 1690 | α-Terpieol | - | 1.34 | 1, 2 |
1302 | 2174 | Thymol | 8.25 | 27.18 | 1, 2, 3 |
1305 | 2194 | Carvacrol | 64.96 | 4.04 | 1, 2, 3 |
1397 | 1579 | β-Caryophyllene | - | 5.89 | 1, 2, 3 |
1456 | 1653 | α-Caryophyllene | 1.40 | 3.61 | 1, 2 |
1584 | 2020 | Caryophyllene oxide | - | 2.00 | 1, 2, 3 |
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Palla, F.; Bruno, M.; Mercurio, F.; Tantillo, A.; Rotolo, V. Essential Oils as Natural Biocides in Conservation of Cultural Heritage. Molecules 2020, 25, 730. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030730
Palla F, Bruno M, Mercurio F, Tantillo A, Rotolo V. Essential Oils as Natural Biocides in Conservation of Cultural Heritage. Molecules. 2020; 25(3):730. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030730
Chicago/Turabian StylePalla, Franco, Maurizio Bruno, Federica Mercurio, Antonella Tantillo, and Valentina Rotolo. 2020. "Essential Oils as Natural Biocides in Conservation of Cultural Heritage" Molecules 25, no. 3: 730. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030730