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Advanced Hybrid Simulation for Future Power and Energy Systems
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Topic Editors

Dr. Shuqing Zhang
Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Department of Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
Prof. Dr. Junbo Zhang
School of Electric Power Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
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Advanced Hybrid Simulation for Future Power and Energy Systems

Abstract submission deadline
31 January 2027
Manuscript submission deadline
31 March 2027
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1472

Topic Information

Dear Colleagues,

The modernization of power and energy systems, characterized by the proliferation of heterogeneous inverter-based resources (IBRs) and multi-energy coupling, has introduced unprecedented complexity. Traditional monolithic simulation paradigms struggle to reconcile the conflicting demands of computational efficiency, modeling fidelity, and cross-domain interoperability required for modern grid analysis.

This Topic is dedicated to the frontier of Advanced Hybrid Simulation, a multidimensional methodology designed to overcome these limitations. We define "hybrid" in a broad sense, encompassing (1) Multi-scale Co-simulation, integrating electromagnetic and electromechanical transients to capture broadband dynamics; (2) Physics–Data Integration, synergizing first-principle models with artificial intelligence (e.g., neural operators, PINNs, and Neural ODEs) to enhance solvability and observability; and (3) Cyber-Physical Simulation, bridging digital models with physical hardware via Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) and real-time interaction frameworks.

We invite high-quality research on theoretical innovations, algorithmic advancements, and industrial applications. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, high-performance numerical solvers, AI-augmented surrogate modeling, real-time HIL testing for power electronics, and unified modeling frameworks for multi-energy systems. This Topic aims to provide a comprehensive forum for solving the "accuracy–speed" dilemma in future energy infrastructure assessment.

Dr. Shuqing Zhang
Prof. Dr. Keyou Wang
Prof. Dr. Junbo Zhang
Topic Editors

Keywords

  • hybrid simulation
  • physics–data fusion
  • multi-timescale and multi-physics modeling
  • AI surrogate modeling
  • physics-informed AI (PINN/NODE)
  • hardware-in-the-loop (HIL)
  • power system dynamics and stability
  • multi-energy systems

Participating Journals

Journal Name Impact Factor CiteScore Launched Year First Decision (median) APC
Applied Sciences
applsci 		2.9 6.1 2011 15 Days CHF 2400 Submit
Automation
automation 		2.9 4.5 2020 24.8 Days CHF 1200 Submit
Computation
computation 		2.6 5.2 2013 13.6 Days CHF 1800 Submit
Electronics
electronics 		2.9 7.0 2012 14.8 Days CHF 2400 Submit
Energies
energies 		3.9 8.3 2008 16.7 Days CHF 2600 Submit
Sci
sci 		4.1 5.4 2019 28.2 Days CHF 1400 Submit
Smart Cities
smartcities 		6.6 13.0 2018 25.1 Days CHF 2000 Submit
Technologies
technologies 		5.2 6.7 2013 17 Days CHF 1800 Submit

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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19 pages, 3622 KB  
Article
A Computational Equivalence-Based Unit Switching Circuit Method for Efficient Simulation of Multi-Converter Power Systems
by Shuqing Zhang, Qihang Wang, Shaopu Tang, Beila Deng, Weijie Zhang, Ruiqi Jiao and Xiaoyu Sun
Energies 2026, 19(16), 3740; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19163740 - 9 Aug 2026
Viewed by 172
Abstract
The proliferation of power converters has posed significant challenges to the simulation of power grids. The unit switching circuit (USC) method provides an approach for power electronics grid simulation, but neglects the situation where the switching action time deviates from the time-step boundary. [...] Read more.
The proliferation of power converters has posed significant challenges to the simulation of power grids. The unit switching circuit (USC) method provides an approach for power electronics grid simulation, but neglects the situation where the switching action time deviates from the time-step boundary. This article presents novel simulation and solving approaches for converters based on computational equivalence to precisely simulate the power electronics grid. This article also introduces a straightforward calculation method for determining equivalent circuit parameters through port quantity observation to achieve computational equivalence. The qualitative error analysis is given and accompanied by comprehensive discussions on its validity, numerical characteristics, and applicable scenarios. A case study is performed to verify the proposed method’s effectiveness and efficiency, yielding results that demonstrate improved accuracy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Hybrid Simulation for Future Power and Energy Systems)
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36 pages, 23768 KB  
Article
Thermo-Fluid Analysis of an Integrated Hydrogen Generation and Combustion-Driven Actuation System
by Talha Kalay, Ahmed Emin Kılıç, Hasan Ozcan, Selahattin Çelik and Bahman Amini Horri
Energies 2026, 19(15), 3465; https://doi.org/10.3390/en19153465 - 23 Jul 2026
Viewed by 318
Abstract
Single-use pyrotechnic and compressed-gas actuators currently meet industrial safety tasks that demand rapid response and high force. An integrated hydrogen production and combustion-driven actuation system is proposed as a clean and reusable alternative. Hydrogen is generated on demand inside the unit by water [...] Read more.
Single-use pyrotechnic and compressed-gas actuators currently meet industrial safety tasks that demand rapid response and high force. An integrated hydrogen production and combustion-driven actuation system is proposed as a clean and reusable alternative. Hydrogen is generated on demand inside the unit by water electrolysis. It is stored in a metal hydride module and burned with air under controlled conditions to drive a double-piston mechanism. A combined approach of modeling, such as thermodynamic analysis, ideal gas laws, and Engineering Equation Solver (EES) simulations, was used to predict the hydrogen demand and system performance. In addition, the combustion behavior and chamber pressure distribution were investigated using COMSOL Multiphysics. It was shown that hydrogen–air combustion allows for more stable and controllable operating conditions than hydrogen–oxygen combustion, while still satisfying the required in-cylinder pressure of about 350 bar. The designed proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer consumes about 221 W of power from a 24 V DC power source and produces 0.16 g of hydrogen in 135 s, which is sufficient for a high-force actuation stroke. Unlike conventional pyrotechnic cartridges and pneumatic and hydraulic actuators, the suggested system generates no solid combustion residues and does not require single-use consumables. It is reusable for many cycles, with water vapor as the main combustion product. Overall, the findings support hydrogen-powered actuation on demand as a viable and clean option for high-force safety tasks, ranging from closing emergency shut-off valves at oil and gas facilities to pressurizing fire protection and other safety systems, making it particularly attractive for remote facilities without a continuous grid power supply. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Hybrid Simulation for Future Power and Energy Systems)
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23 pages, 6094 KB  
Article
Impact of Evaporator Operating Mode Switching on the Performance of CO2 Commercial Refrigeration Systems
by Ionuț Dumitriu, Costel Ungureanu and Ion V. Ion
Technologies 2026, 14(7), 436; https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies14070436 - 16 Jul 2026
Viewed by 346
Abstract
Commercial refrigeration systems represent some of the largest energy consumers in supermarkets, and therefore particular attention needs to be paid to increasing energy efficiency to reduce overall energy consumption and meet climate goals by 2030. This study investigates the performance of a CO [...] Read more.
Commercial refrigeration systems represent some of the largest energy consumers in supermarkets, and therefore particular attention needs to be paid to increasing energy efficiency to reduce overall energy consumption and meet climate goals by 2030. This study investigates the performance of a CO2 (R744) commercial refrigeration system with evaporators operating alternately in dry and flooded modes. This operation is possible due to a particular adjustment using liquid sensors installed in the middle of both low-temperature (LT) and medium-temperature (MT) liquid separators, which transmit information to the controllers that regulate the compressor rack and evaporators, to switch from dry to flooded operation when the liquid level rises and vice versa when the level drops. The results show that the correct regulation of the system of 50% with 6K superheat operation and 50% with 3K superheat operation on MT evaporators, respectively, and 50% with 6K superheat operation and 50% with 4K superheat operation on LT evaporators leads to a reduction of energy consumption compared to 100% operation of all evaporators with 6K superheat by 6.9% per year for the compressor rack. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Advanced Hybrid Simulation for Future Power and Energy Systems)
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