Search Results (38)

Ips hauseri Reitter is the most important wood-boring pest of natural Tianshan spruce (Picea schrenkiana) forests and is listed as an A2 quarantine pest by the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO). Because the beetle is small and cryptic and its immature stages cannot be reliably identified by morphology, a rapid molecular identification method is urgently needed. Here, we targeted the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, designed a set of I. hauseri-specific LAMP primers, and established a visually interpretable LAMP assay using a WarmStart colorimetric system. The optimal reaction conditions were 63.8 °C for 35 min. The assay amplified only I. hauseri, with no cross-reaction with the related species Pityogenes spessivtsevi, Ips typographus, Ips subelongatus, and Hylurgus ligniperda; its limit of detection was 100 pg of genomic DNA; and it amplified efficiently from adults, larvae, pupae, and a single egg. Positive results could be scored directly by eye from the red-to-yellow colour change in the reaction, requiring no precision instruments at any step. Using a non-destructive alkaline crude-DNA extraction (HotSHOT), the assay also amplified I. hauseri directly from single adults and larvae, confirming its compatibility with a rapid, field-simple sample preparation. The LAMP assay was rapid, specific within the tested panel, and simple. However, broader validation with additional sympatric non-target species and geographically distinct populations of I. hauseri is needed before routine field or quarantine application. Full article

The skin, as the body’s largest organ, reflects overall health and is shaped by factors such as diet, habits, work environment, and lifestyle. A Wood’s lamp offers significant advantages for assessing skin health. Our study leveraged Wood’s lamp to evaluate facial skin hydration and the impact of a diet rich in water, fruits, and vegetables. Conducted with 14 women, the study included the assessment of skin hydration levels. Remarkable improvements were observed in 13 participants, including enhanced skin hydration, reduced surface lesions, and better-regulated sebum levels. Full article

Background/Objectives: Collision tumors between seborrheic keratosis and melanoma represent a well-known diagnostic pitfall, particularly when the benign keratinocytic component constitutes the predominant portion of the lesion. In such cases, melanoma-specific dermoscopic clues may be obscured by typical seborrheic keratosis patterns, leading to potential underestimation. The aim of this scoping review was to map and summarize the dermoscopic interface features reported in melanoma–seborrheic keratosis collision tumors. Secondary aims were to discuss diagnostic pitfalls, explore potential tumor microenvironment considerations, and assess the adjunctive role of Wood’s lamp-assisted dermoscopy. Methods: This review was conducted as a scoping review and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies reporting histologically confirmed melanoma–seborrheic keratosis collision tumors with available dermoscopic documentation were included. Eligible articles consisted of case reports and case series. Dermoscopic features at the interface between seborrheic keratosis and melanoma were qualitatively synthesized. Results: Five studies describing five melanoma-seborrheic keratosis collision tumors met the inclusion criteria. In all cases, the seborrheic keratosis component was dermoscopically recognizable. Asymmetric interface-related hyperpigmentation was consistently observed in collisions involving pigmented melanomas, whereas it was absent in the single reported case of hypopigmented melanoma. Conclusions: Asymmetric interface-related hyperpigmentation within seborrheic keratosis is a recurrent dermoscopic finding in melanoma–seborrheic keratosis collision tumors and could be considered a monitoring clue rather than a melanoma-specific diagnostic criterion. Given the dynamic nature of melanoma growth, longitudinal assessment of the dermoscopic interface may be particularly informative. Adjunctive techniques, including Wood’s lamp-assisted dermoscopy, may support interface-focused evaluation in selected equivocal cases. Full article

Rapidly progressive infectious keratitis may involve the anterior uveal tract and lead to anterior segment inflammation, resulting in severe structural damage of the cornea and potentially causing corneal perforation or endophthalmitis if not promptly treated. We report the case of a 63-year-old male admitted to the Emergency Ophthalmology Department of the University Clinical Center in Katowice, Poland, with a rapidly progressive corneal ulcer of the left eye that had not responded to two weeks of outpatient topical antibiotic therapy. The condition developed after ocular trauma sustained while chopping wood. At presentation, visual acuity was limited to light perception with preserved projection. Multimodal imaging, including slit-lamp examination, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), and in vivo confocal microscopy, revealed extensive corneal ulceration with severe stromal destruction, progressive corneal melting, and marked anterior segment inflammation, with an imminent risk of perforation. Microbiological cultures identified Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Despite intensive empiric topical antimicrobial therapy targeting both bacterial infection and a possible fungal component related to trauma with organic material, rapid clinical deterioration necessitated emergency therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (PK). The procedure resulted in rapid resolution of inflammation and improvement in visual acuity, with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) reaching 0.3 logMAR during follow-up. At the three-month follow-up, the corneal graft remained clear with stable visual acuity and no recurrence of infection. The patient remains under regular long-term follow-up, with ongoing monitoring of graft clarity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and visual function. This case differs from routine presentations of infectious keratitis by demonstrating exceptionally rapid stromal melting despite promptly initiated empiric topical therapy. Multimodal imaging, particularly AS-OCT provided clinically meaningful information by revealing structural instability and an imminent risk of perforation not fully appreciable on slit-lamp examination, thereby supporting timely urgent keratoplasty. These findings highlight the practical diagnostic value of imaging-based assessment in advanced infectious keratitis and underscore its role in guiding surgical decision-making in eyes at high risk of corneal perforation. Full article

We undertook a preliminary clinical study to compare the efficacy of lime essential oil shampoo with a conventional 2% miconazole/chlorhexidine formulation, both in combination with pulse oral itraconazole, in cats with dermatophytosis caused by M. canis. Sixteen affected cats were randomly assigned to receive either lime essential oil shampoo or a 2% miconazole/chlorhexidine formulation. All cats were bathed twice weekly and received itraconazole (5 mg/kg once daily) using a pulse regimen (1 week for every 2 weeks) for 56 days. Clinical assessments, including cytological, direct hair examinations, Wood’s lamp evaluation, total skin lesion score (TLS), and fungal pathogen score (FPS), were performed on days 0, 28, 42, and 56. Hematological and biochemical analyses were conducted on days 0, 28, and 56. By day 56, no significant differences were observed between groups in the cytological, direct hair examination, or Wood’s lamp results. Both groups had significant reductions in TLS and FPS on days 28, 42, and 56 compared to day 0 (p < 0.05). No cutaneous or systemic adverse effects were observed. These findings suggest that lime essential oil shampoo has clinical efficacy comparable to the conventional formulation and may represent a safe natural alternative for the topical management of feline dermatophytosis. Full article

Malassezia folliculitis, previously known as Pityrosporum folliculitis, is a common yet frequently misdiagnosed dermatologic condition caused by Malassezia yeast overgrowth in hair follicles. Its monomorphic, pruritic papules and pustules closely mimic acne vulgaris, often leading to inappropriate antibiotic use. This review summarizes current evidence on the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and management of Malassezia folliculitis. A high index of clinical suspicion is critical in patients with recalcitrant acneiform eruptions. Diagnosis is supported by dermoscopy, potassium hydroxide preparation, Wood’s lamp, and response to antifungal therapy. Topical and oral antifungal agents are highly effective although relapses are common and access to off-label treatments may be limited. Greater awareness of the distinct clinical features of Malassezia folliculitis and treatment response can improve diagnostic accuracy and enhance patient outcomes. Full article

Background: In recent decades, dermatological diagnostics have undergone a profound transformation, driven by the integration of new technologies alongside traditional methods. Classic techniques such as the Tzanck smear, potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation, and Wood’s lamp examination remain fundamental in everyday clinical practice due to their simplicity, speed, and accessibility. At the same time, the development of non-invasive imaging technologies and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) have opened new frontiers in the early detection and monitoring of both neoplastic and inflammatory skin diseases. Methods: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how conventional and emerging diagnostic tools can be integrated into dermatologic practice. Results: We examined a broad spectrum of diagnostic methods currently used in dermatology, ranging from traditional techniques to advanced approaches such as digital dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), optical coherence tomography (OCT), line-field confocal OCT (LC-OCT), 3D total body imaging systems with AI integration, mobile applications, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and multispectral imaging. Each method is discussed in terms of diagnostic accuracy, clinical applications, and potential limitations. While traditional methods continue to play a crucial role—especially in resource-limited settings or for immediate bedside decision-making—modern tools significantly enhance diagnostic precision. Dermoscopy and its digital evolution have improved the accuracy of melanoma and basal cell carcinoma detection. RCM and LC-OCT allow near-histological visualization of skin structures, reducing the need for invasive procedures. AI-powered platforms support lesion tracking and risk stratification, though their routine implementation requires further clinical validation and regulatory oversight. Tools like EIS and multispectral imaging may offer additional value in diagnostically challenging cases. An effective diagnostic approach in dermatology should rely on a thoughtful combination of methods, selected based on clinical suspicion and guided by Bayesian reasoning. Conclusions: Rather than replacing traditional tools, advanced technologies should complement them—optimizing diagnostic accuracy, improving patient outcomes, and supporting more individualized, evidence-based care. Full article

As a core structure within the Qing Changling Mausoleum, a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site, Long’en Hall preserves a relatively complete set of Qing dynasty imperial lacquered furniture. These furnishings provide critical physical evidence for studying Qing dynasty sacrificial rituals and the craftsmanship of court lacquerware. However, limited research has been conducted on the surface finishing techniques of such furnishings, posing challenges to their conservation and accurate restoration. This study focuses on representative furnishings from Long’en Hall—including an offering table, an incense pavilion, a throne, and a poke lamp—and employed a multi-method analytical approach comprising fluorescence microscopy (FM), scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The analysis was conducted on the following two levels: the lacquer layer structure and material composition. The results show that the furnishings in the Long’en Hall adopt the typical structure of “lacquer ash layer–color lacquer layer”, and the color lacquer layer is composed of raw lacquer, tung oil, animal glue, and other natural organic ingredients as film-forming materials, supplemented with inorganic mineral pigments such as red lead (Pb₃O₄) and Au metal, which constitutes a stable organic–inorganic composite structure with the lacquer ash layer. The multi-analysis results show a good complementary and cross-corroboration relationship, providing the necessary technical support and a theoretical reference for Qing dynasty palace lacquer wood furniture as cultural relics worthy of scientific protection and imitation. Full article

This article provides an overview of the possibilities of using a modern Wood’s lamp in dermatological diagnostics. In the experimental part, this study examined the possibilities of the light source in photodiagnostics combined with the photodynamic method (PDT) and determined the lower detection limit of the basic photosensitizer in dermatology—protoporphyrin IX (PPIX). The absorption parameters and fluorescence quantum efficiency of PPIX were investigated, and case studies of patients in clinical conditions were presented. A new application may be the use of a Wood’s lamp in dental diagnostics to detect the early stage of caries and to monitor bacterial plaque. Fluorescence area studies were conducted on 21 extracted teeth with different levels of caries. The results showed that changes in enamel demineralization can be detected at a level as low as a 5–10% decrease in fluorescence. Full article

Melasma is an incredibly common dyschromic disorder, mostly impacting women with skin of color. There are three variants of melasma based on the depth of pathologic involvement: epidermal, mixed, and dermal. While there are many treatments for melasma, there is a paucity of research on melasma treatments and their dermatopathological correlates. A scoping review was conducted of all human trials on melasma with histopathologic analysis, including 37 trials in the final analysis. Most studies were conducted on women with a Fitzpatrick skin type of III or greater. Strong histologic evidence supports the utilization of retinols/retinoids for epidermal melasma and microneedling for dermal melasma. There is a paucity of trials conducted on melasma utilizing histologic correlates, and fewer still that are comprehensive to include analyses on quality of life. Full article

Movements of plant pathogenic microorganisms in uncontaminated areas occur today at an alarming rate, driven mainly by global trade and climate change. These invaders can trigger new disease outbreaks able to impact the biodiversity and economies of vast territories and affect a variety of ecosystem services. National and supranational regulatory deficiencies, such as inadequate quarantine measures and ineffective early pathogen detection at ports of entry, exacerbate the issue. Thus, there is an urgent need for accurate and rapid diagnostic tools to intercept invasive and nonindigenous plant pathogens. The LAMP (Loop-mediated isothermal AMPlification) technique is a robust, flexible tool representing a significant advance in point-of-care (POC) diagnostics. Its user-friendliness and sensitivity offer a breakthrough in phytosanitary checks at points of entry (harbors and airports), for disease and pest surveillance at vulnerable sites (e.g., nurseries and wood-processing and storage facilities), and for territorial monitoring of new disease outbreaks. This review highlights the strengths and weaknesses of LAMP, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize modern plant disease diagnostics. Full article

The present review explores the underlying mechanisms of phytophotodermatitis, a non-immunologic skin reaction triggered by certain plants followed by exposure to ultraviolet radiation emitted by sunlight. Recent research has advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology of phytophotodermatitis, highlighting the interaction between plant-derived photosensitizing compounds (e.g., furanocoumarins and psoralens) and ultraviolet light leading to skin damage (e.g., erythema, fluid blisters, edema, and hyperpigmentation), identifying these compounds as key contributors to the phototoxic reactions causing phytophotodermatitis. Progress in understanding the molecular pathways involved in the skin’s response to these compounds has opened avenues for identifying potential therapeutic targets suitable for the management and prevention of this condition. The review emphasizes the importance of identifying the most common phototoxic plant families (e.g., Apiaceae, Rutaceae, and Moraceae) and plant species (e.g., Heracleum mantegazzianum, Ruta graveolens, Ficus carica, and Pastinaca sativa), as well as the specific phytochemical compounds responsible for inducing phytophototoxicity (e.g., limes containing furocoumarin have been linked to lime-induced photodermatitis), underscoring the significance of recognizing the dangerous plant sources. Moreover, the most used approaches and tests for accurate diagnosis such as patch testing, Wood’s lamp examination, or skin biopsy are presented. Additionally, preventive measures such as adequate clothing (e.g., long-sleeved garments and gloves) and treatment strategies based on the current knowledge of phytophotodermatitis including topical and systemic therapies are discussed. Overall, the review consolidates recent findings in the field, covering a diverse array of phototoxic compounds in plants, the mechanisms by which they trigger skin reactions, and the implications for clinical management. By synthesizing these insights, we provide a comprehensive understanding of phytophotodermatitis, providing valuable information for both healthcare professionals and researchers working to address this condition. Full article

Two Legionella-like isolates, 8cVS16^T and 9fVS26, were isolated from a water distribution system (WDS) in a healthcare facility. Cells were Gram- and Ziehl Neelsen-stain-negative, rod-shaped, motile, and exhibited a blue-white fluorescence under Wood’s lamp at 365 nm. The strains grew in a range of 32–37 °C on BCYE with L-cysteine (Cys+), GVPC, and MWY agar medium, with a positive reaction for oxidase, catalase, and gelatinase. The dominant fatty acids were summed features 3 (C_16:1ω7c/C_16:1ω6c) (27.7%), C_16:0 iso (17.5%), and C_16:0 (16.3%), and Q13 as the major ubiquinone. The mip and rpoB gene sequences showed a similarity of 96.7% and 92.4%, with L. anisa (ATCC 35292^T). The whole genomes sequencing (WGS) performed displayed a GC content of 38.21 mol% for both. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) analysis demonstrated the separation of the two strains from the phylogenetically most related L. anisa (ATCC 35292^T), with ≤43% DNA-DNA relatedness. The Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) between the two strains and L. anisa (ATCC 35292^T) was 90.74%, confirming that the two isolates represent a novel species of the genus Legionella. The name proposed for this species is Legionella resiliens sp. nov., with 8cVS16^T (=DSM 114356^T = CCUG 76627^T) as the type strain. Full article

This publication describes the influence of residue monomers in synthesized pressure-sensitive adhesives based on acrylics on their main properties—tack, peel adhesion, shear strength and shrinkage—in the form of transfer tapes used for joining wooden elements in the furniture industry. The discussed carrier-free adhesive tapes are synthesized via photo-crosslinking and photopolymerization with UV radiation of the photoreactive prepolymers sandwiched between two adhesive siliconized polyester films. The simultaneous crosslinking and polymerization processes carried out under UV lamps placed simultaneously above and below the crosslinked photoreactive polymer layer lead to the production of a carrier-free adhesive film. The preliminary target of these studies was to investigate how the intensity of UV radiation and the time of its exposure affect the viscosity of the photoreactive compositions and the content of unreacted monomers in them. Next, the influence of the crosslinking agent concentration and UV irradiation time on the content of unreacted monomers after the crosslinking process was tested. The last step of the studies was the investigation of the influence of the residue monomer concentration on the application properties of the obtained pressure-sensitive adhesive layers. The typical PSA application properties were tested on the wood samples: tack, peel adhesion, shear strength (cohesion) and shrinkage. Full article

The furniture industry constantly strives to search for ecological and cost-effective solutions in the production of wood-based composites. It is anticipated that furniture with a honeycomb core and HDF-facing will gain market share. Understanding how specific technical and procedural factors on the finishing line affect the resistance of coatings on furniture elements made of honeycomb boards was the main goal of the study. With the use of a digital microscope, the roughness of two different types of HDF was tested. On the industrial UV LED+Hg finishing line, 198 different surface coating variations were produced by applying five or six layers of varnish applied, ranging from 3 to 30 g/m² and hardening them with various surface power densities. On the basis of statistical tests, the influence of individual factors on abrasion, impact, and scratch resistance was determined. The nanointendence test of the coatings was used to measure the hardness and elasticity modulus. The coloring caused by coffee traces was checked using a colorimeter. The findings confirm the conception that LED+Hg lamp modules can replace mercury and gallium-doped mercury lamps. Full article