Search Results (2,933)

To address the high storage overhead and inadequate spatial geometric representation associated with raw point cloud data in multi-pedestrian trajectory prediction, a compressed point cloud-based and attention-enhanced trajectory prediction method (CPCAE) is proposed in the paper. First, for input raw point cloud, a lossy compression module is designed, which improves the Depoco framework by introducing a multi-feature extraction component and employing a coordinate decomposition strategy to optimize compression quality and spatial representation. For input video frames of pedestrians, spatial features are extracted using a 2D convolutional network, and dynamic interactions among pedestrians are captured by a Transformer-based encoder. Then, both spatial attention and modal attention mechanisms are incorporated to dynamically balance the contributions of two modal features and precisely identify key regions and positions. Experimental results evaluate the proposed framework from the perspectives of point cloud compression and downstream trajectory prediction. The results demonstrate that compressed point cloud representations can support competitive trajectory prediction performance in CPCAE. Full article

The changing climate raises the level of hydroclimatic non-stationarity and export of pollutants at the event scale in agricultural, mixed-land-use, and urbanizing watersheds. In this review, there is an emphasis on nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment; however, selective references are made to pesticides, pathogens, microplastics, and wet-weather mixed-source processes when characteristics similar to event-driven transport, threshold exceedance, and adaptive control are identified. Drawing on a structured literature search of studies published from 2000 to December 2025, this narrative review synthesizes evidence from 138 selected references on how extreme rainfall, drought–rewetting, warming, and freeze–thaw processes alter source activation, hydrological connectivity, biogeochemical processing, and receiving-water hazards. Our resilience assessment is based on resistance, recovery, robustness, and persistence, which we interpret using exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. It is shown that standard average-load and fixed-baseline measurements may not detect short pollution pulses, cross-scenario failure, and long-term drift; operational measurement must thus involve event thresholds, recovery trajectories, tail-risk measures, and propagation of uncertainty. Extrapolation, interpretability, data demand, and applicability for data-sparse basins are used to compare process-based, data-driven, and hybrid models. Adaptation options are associated with measurable triggers as part of a monitoring–trigger–action cycle with location-specific instructions for monsoon-agricultural, cold-region, semi-arid and urban systems. The novel aspect of this framework is the integration of mechanism-based evidence, quantitative resilience indicators, model uncertainty, and adaptive governance into one decision-focused workflow. This sustainability-oriented framework advances long-term watershed management by linking water-quality protection and resilient development. Full article

Despite the broad scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change, the rejection or contestation of this consensus remains socially relevant. This study adopts a qualitative approach to understand climate denial as a process by analyzing individual trajectories of adherence to climate misinformation. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals who expressed positions of denial, minimization, or contestation of the dominant scientific explanation of climate change. The findings indicate that questioning of the climate consensus most often emerges from informal exposure to digital content, particularly on social media and online platforms. These initial exposures are subsequently reinforced by closed informational ecosystems, often organized around private groups, where alternative criteria of credibility are consolidated, and dissenting figures are valued as legitimate authorities. A systematic delegitimization of institutional science was also observed, frequently associated with perceived political or economic agendas. A central finding of the study is the emergence of selective trust in science, in which scientific knowledge is accepted in domains such as medicine, biology, and technology but rejected in climatology. Additionally, the analyzed discourses reveal strong resistance to refutation and the absence of clear criteria for revising previously held positions. The study contributes to research in Environmental Education and Climate Literacy by demonstrating that climate denial should be understood as a socio-epistemic phenomenon rather than merely as a deficit of scientific knowledge. Full article

Molecular microbiology has revolutionized our understanding of the complex host-associated microbiomes required for normative development and physiology. Horses and other members of the family Equidae are particularly reliant on the early maturation and lifelong maintenance of an unusually rich hindgut microbiome for optimal digestion and overall health and performance. Research on the equine gut microbiome has accelerated in the past several years, necessitating a renewed appraisal of the field. The present work is a comprehensive and critical review of the literature regarding the bacterial gastrointestinal microbiome of horses. First, the developmental trajectory of the foal gut microbiome is discussed, followed by descriptions of the taxonomic membership of the core equine gut microbiome, its primary functions and effects on host physiology, and intrinsic and extrinsic factors that shape the equine microbiome during health, with a focus on diet and supplements. Next, evidence supporting adverse effects on the equine gut microbiome of gastrointestinal conditions including colic and colitis, extraintestinal conditions including obesity and laminitis, and pharmacological interventions including antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is summarized. Lastly, clinical and experimental research investigating the effects of treatments targeting the gut microbiome of horses, including probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiome transfer, is critically examined. Conclusions summarize the connection between natural (i.e., wild) equine behavior and the health of the equine gut microbiome and the impacts of human management. Full article

Background/Objectives: A recent Delphi survey of endocrinologists revealed low consensus regarding the diagnosis of pediatric growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Thus, we sought to describe the various trajectories undertaken by healthy 8–14-year-old youth in the 2 years following testing for GHD at a single major pediatric academic institution. Methods: Electronic health records were reviewed for the current analysis from healthy 8–14-year-old participants enrolled in a prospective longitudinal observational study of parent and youth characteristics associated with youth quality of life and self-esteem over a two-year period following growth hormone (GH) stimulation testing. Participants were grouped according to their peak GH concentration on testing (<7, 7–10, and ≥10 ng/mL), and outcomes included treatment (or not) with GH or other growth-altering hormonal treatments. Results: Of the 115 participants, 27 (23%) had peak GH < 7 ng/mL, 27 (23%) 7–10 ng/mL, and 61 (53%) peaked ≥ 10 ng/mL. Across the three groups, some patients were not offered GH treatment, some were offered yet did not pursue treatment, and some were offered and treated—with further variance provided by GH treatment interruptions, early cessation vs. continued GH treatment, delayed GH treatment start, and treatment with other agents (testosterone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, or aromatase inhibitor) either in lieu of or in addition to GH. Conclusions: Even within the network of a single academic institution, variability is evident in the management of healthy 8–14-year-old short youth following GH stimulation testing. Full article

Objectives: Human milk composition changes across lactation, but paired within-subject proteomic analyses comparing longitudinal trajectories in term and preterm milk remain limited. We aimed to characterize stage-associated proteomic changes within each cohort and determine whether longitudinal remodeling is shared or divergent between term and preterm lactation. Methods: In this single-center prospective study conducted at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland (October 2020–November 2021), 40 lactating mothers (20 preterm, <32 weeks’ gestation, mean age 29.4 ± 6.1 years; 20 term, 37–42 weeks, mean age 30.2 ± 5.5 years) provided paired milk samples at ≤10 days postpartum and week 5. Milk serum proteomes were analyzed by quantitative data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry; differential abundance was assessed using two-sample t-tests with Storey false discovery rate correction (q < 0.05) and fold-change >1.5, followed by ClueGO pathway enrichment. Results: Stage-associated differential abundance was identified for 108 proteins in term milk (58 increased, 50 decreased) and 103 in preterm milk (64 increased, 39 decreased). Of these, 87 were shared between cohorts (80.6% of term, 84.5% of preterm set) with concordant directionality. Shared upregulated pathways included oxidative stress response and glycolysis (e.g., PRDX5, fold change 2.49, q = 0.044); shared downregulated pathways related to mucosal immunity (e.g., tenascin, fold change 9.61–11.41, q < 0.0001). Cohort-specific pathway signals were limited relative to shared remodeling. Conclusions: The human milk serum proteome undergoes substantial longitudinal remodeling in both term and preterm lactation, with most changes following a common temporal pattern; prematurity-related differences appear selective rather than global. These findings support lactation stage as a key determinant of milk proteomic composition and underscore the value of longitudinal, stage-aware study designs, although formal time-by-group interaction testing was not performed. Full article

Alternative splicing (AS) increases transcriptomic diversity; however, its role in teleost larval nutritional physiology remains undetermined. This study investigated alternative splicing (AS) dynamics associated with nutritional transition and the starvation-induced point of no return (PNR) in Leiocassis longirostris larvae. Using RNA sequencing and rMATS across eight developmental phases, differentially spliced events (DSEs) and differentially spliced genes (DSGs) were identified between the feeding and starvation trajectories. A total of 84,172 AS events were found, with 93.4% of which were skipped exons (SE). DSEs accumulated in a stage-dependent manner during feeding but increased suddenly under starvation, reaching peak levels at the PNR. DSGs were enriched in cell adhesion, energy sensing, and metabolic reprogramming pathways, with SE splicing most strongly correlated with the progression of starvation. The integration of DSGs with differential exon usage (DEU) revealed 47 PNR-core genes, including zak, lama2, mbpa, and nhsl2, which were validated by RT-PCR analysis. The results showed that AS dynamics are associated with stage-dependent regulatory coordination of developmental adaptation and starvation-induced PNR in L. longirostris larvae. This study identified molecular targets that may improve larval survival in aquaculture. Full article

Background and Objectives: Faricimab, the first bispecific antibody targeting VEGF-A and angiopoietin-2, has demonstrated durable efficacy in pivotal phase 3 trials for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Real-world data on treatment-naïve patients managed with fixed-interval maintenance protocols, particularly from South-Eastern Europe, remain limited. This pilot study evaluated 24-month outcomes of intravitreal faricimab in treatment-naïve nAMD and DME, using a standardized four-injection loading phase followed by fixed every-16-week (Q16W) maintenance. Materials and Methods: This study conducted a retrospective, observational, single-center pilot cohort study of 20 consecutive treatment-naïve eyes (9 nAMD, 11 DME). All patients received four monthly loading injections followed by a fixed every-16-week (Q16W) maintenance schedule, supplemented by discretionary additional injections for residual or recurrent disease activity (215 injections total; mean 10.75 ± 0.79 per patient; range 9–12). Primary outcomes were changes in central foveal thickness (CFT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA; Snellen lines with ETDRS letter equivalents) at months 4 and 24. Prespecified secondary analyses included bootstrap 95% confidence intervals, a linear mixed-effects model with a time × disease-group interaction, Bayesian credible intervals with weakly informative priors, false-discovery-rate (FDR) correction, and a minimum detectable effect-size analysis. Results: All 20 eyes completed 24-month follow-up. In nAMD, mean CFT decreased by 186.9 ± 71.9 µm (35.9%; bootstrap 95% CI 148.1–236.0; p < 0.001; d = 2.60), and BCVA improved by 3.89 ± 0.78 Snellen lines (~19 ETDRS letters; 95% CI 3.44–4.33; p < 0.001; d = 4.97). In DME, CFT decreased by 197.7 ± 65.7 µm (39.3%; 95% CI 162.5–237.3; p < 0.001; d = 3.01), and BCVA improved by 4.55 ± 1.04 lines (~23 ETDRS letters; 95% CI 4.00–5.09; p < 0.001; d = 4.39). All 20 eyes (100%) achieved ≥ 3 Snellen lines gain and ≥20% CFT reduction; 80% reached final BCVA ≥ 7 lines. A linear mixed-effects model showed a significant time effect (p < 0.001) but no time × group interaction (CFT p = 0.84; BCVA p = 0.51), indicating concordant trajectories across diseases. Bayesian analysis with weakly informative priors yielded posterior P(|d| > 0.8) ≥ 0.99 for all primary outcomes. After FDR correction, all pre-specified primary comparisons remained significant. The minimum detectable effect size with the realized sample sizes (Cohen’s d ≈ 0.66 combined, 1.07 nAMD, 0.94 DME at 80% power) was substantially below all observed effect sizes. No ocular or systemic adverse events were recorded. Conclusions: In this small, single-center, treatment-naïve pilot cohort, a fixed Q16W faricimab maintenance schedule with discretionary additional injections was associated with durable anatomical and functional improvements over 24 months in both nAMD and DME, with no adverse events recorded across 215 injections. Given the limited sample, these findings should be regarded as hypothesis-generating. The high responder rates likely reflect the cohort’s substantial baseline visual impairment (mean baseline BCVA ~20/120–20/200), which provides greater absolute capacity for measurable gain than in higher-acuity registration trial populations. These pilot data support fixed-interval faricimab as a logistically feasible candidate strategy in resource-constrained settings and should be confirmed in larger multicenter cohorts using standardized ETDRS acuity assessment. Full article

The introduction of respiratory multiplex PCR in the post-pandemic world has improved the detection of viral infections, whose clinical relevance is still being characterized. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) exhibit altered innate immune responses, yet the effect of concurrent viral infection on their inflammatory trajectory and clinical outcomes remains poorly characterized. This study examined whether diabetes is associated with a more pronounced inflammatory response, delayed resolution, and worse multi-organ outcomes during viral respiratory infections. A prospective, longitudinal cohort of 430 hospitalized adults (DM: n = 211; non-DM: n = 219) with PCR-confirmed viral respiratory infections was stratified into four groups by diabetes and co-infection status using a respiratory multiplex PCR panel. Serum IL-6, CRP, NLR, procalcitonin, and urea were measured at admission (Day 1) and at clinical stabilization (Day 6). All variables failed normality testing (Shapiro–Wilk p < 0.0001); non-parametric methods were applied. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to identify candidate biomarker cutoffs for mortality prediction. SARS-CoV-2 was the predominant pathogen (29.1%). In an exploratory comparison limited by small subgroup sizes (n = 8 vs. n = 14), co-infected diabetic patients had higher baseline inflammatory markers than co-infected non-diabetic patients: median IL-6 32.87 vs. 6.20 pg/mL (Mann–Whitney p = 0.0006) and median CRP 103.83 vs. 23.03 mg/L (p = 0.0012). At the Day 6 checkpoint, co-infected diabetic survivors had higher IL-6 (12.01 vs. 6.13 pg/mL, p = 0.0183) and showed little within-group NLR change (Wilcoxon p = 0.2367); these Day 6 estimates are subject to survivor selection and should be interpreted accordingly. In-hospital mortality was 25.6% in diabetic vs. 3.7% in non-diabetic patients (p < 0.0001). Diabetic patients more frequently required orotracheal intubation (6.4% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.0207) and high-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) support (7.9% vs. 1.8%, p = 0.0166). In an internal ROC analysis, baseline IL-6 showed the highest discriminatory performance for in-hospital mortality (AUC 0.812, 95% CI 0.772–0.848), with a candidate cutoff of > 55.78 pg/mL (sensitivity 71.0%, specificity 79.1%); IL-6 outperformed CRP (AUC 0.706, DeLong p = 0.0029) and NLR (AUC 0.656, DeLong p = 0.0001). As this cutoff was derived and evaluated in the same cohort, it is reported as exploratory and requires external validation. In this single-center cohort, diabetes was associated with a more pronounced baseline inflammatory profile, slower resolution of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and greater multi-organ involvement during viral respiratory infection, including in the small co-infected subgroup. In the full cohort, diabetes remained associated with higher mortality, IL-6, and CRP after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI; however, the small co-infected subgroups could not be adjusted, so those specific comparisons should be regarded as hypothesis-generating and need confirmation in larger, adequately powered multi-center cohorts. Full article

Background: Substance Use Disorder (SUD) is frequently associated with psychiatric comorbidity, including psychotic symptoms, impulsivity and neurodevelopmental traits. The influence of age and duration of substance use on these clinical characteristics and on treatment retention remains insufficiently understood. Objectives: To examine the influence between age, duration of substance use, clinical presentation, patterns of violence, and treatment retention in individuals with SUD. Methods: A prospective 6-month cohort study was conducted at the Alcoholism Treatment Unit of the CAUSA Hospital Complex in Salamanca, Spain. A total of 264 patients with SUD were classified into two groups: prolonged substance use (≥55 years of age or ≥25 years of substance use; n = 127) and shorter substance use trajectories (<55 years and <25 years of substance use; n = 137). Participants completed structured clinical interviews and validated measures of quality of life, impulsivity, autistic traits, addiction severity, psychotic symptoms and violence. Non-parametric analyses were applied (α = 0.05; 95% CI). Results: Younger participants showed a significantly higher prevalence of auditory and visual hallucinations and persecutory delusions at baseline. During follow-up, both groups exhibited a reduction in physical aggression while driving and an increase in insults and verbal threats. No significant differences were observed in recent uncontrolled violence. Positive screening results for ADHD, autistic traits and impulsivity were not associated with treatment retention. Lower baseline physical functioning was associated with reduced completion of the 6-month follow-up assessment. Conclusions: Age and duration of substance use were associated with differences in the clinical presentation of SUD. Younger individuals exhibited a greater burden of psychotic symptoms and violence-related behaviours, whereas poorer physical functioning was associated with lower follow-up retention among individuals with prolonged substance use histories. These findings support the importance of age-sensitive assessment and management strategies in patients with SUD. Full article

This paper develops a unified Lorentzian framework for persistent rigid motions generated by slant helices in three-dimensional Minkowski space and investigates their geometric and kinematic properties. Persistence is characterized by the constancy of the pitch of the instantaneous twist associated with a one-parameter rigid motion in the Poincaré group $\mathrm{ISO}(2,1)$. Interpreting curves in the motion group as trajectories of rigid motions, we study Frenet–Serret and adapted frame motions determined by slant helices under different causal characters. Necessary and sufficient conditions are established for these frame motions to generate persistent Lorentzian motions. An explicit intrinsic relationship between the pitches of Frenet–Serret and adapted frame motions is obtained in terms of the geodesic curvature of the spherical image of the principal normal indicatrix, showing that persistence is governed by intrinsic curve invariants and is independent of the chosen moving frame. The geometric structure of persistent motions is further clarified through associated ruled surfaces. In particular, the pitch of a persistent motion is shown to coincide with the distribution parameter of the ruled surface associated with the corresponding frame motion. Illustrative examples are presented for different causal configurations. These results extend classical Euclidean theory of persistent rigid motions to the Lorentzian setting and provide a unified framework connecting curve theory, frame geometry, ruled surfaces, and Lorentzian kinematics. Full article

Spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) provides all-weather, day and night and wide-area imaging capability, and plays a critical role in maritime surveillance. While substantial progress has been achieved in SAR ship detection, SAR ship classification remains relatively underexplored, mainly due to the scarcity of reliable category labels. Automatic Identification System (AIS) provides vessel identity, type, and dynamic trajectory information, and thus offers vessel type information that is difficult to obtain directly from SAR imagery. This paper proposes a fine-grained nine-category SAR ship classification method based on AIS association, which reorganizes the original AIS vessel types into nine fine-grained categories of SAR ship, transfers AIS vessel type information to SAR detection through a global optimal matching strategy, and supports SAR-only vessel category recognition. By retaining only high-confidence SAR and AIS matched pairs and cropping the corresponding SAR ship chips, an SAR ship classification dataset containing 4472 ship chips across the nine categories is constructed. In Monte Carlo experiments based on real AIS records, the proposed association strategy achieves more reliable high-confidence label generation than the compared association methods under close ship ambiguity, spatial perturbation, distractor AIS candidates, and AIS static size errors. In the benchmark experiment on the constructed classification dataset, ConvNeXt-Tiny achieves the best performance among the compared mainstream classifiers. These results demonstrate that AIS association can provide reliable category supervision for SAR ship classification, and the trained classifier can perform ship classification using SAR imagery alone. Full article

Background/Objectives: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia worldwide, with inflammatory cytokines increasingly implicated in its development, persistence, and post-ablation recurrence. However, prospective perioperative cytokine data from Central Asia are lacking. The objective of the study is to evaluate temporal changes in inflammatory cytokines in AF patients undergoing catheter ablation and assess differences by AF type and recurrence status. Methods: In this prospective observational study conducted at the Syzganov National Scientific Center of Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan, 166 AF patients (mean age 66.1 ± 8.2 years; 57.8% male) were enrolled. Serum cytokines were measured using ELISA at baseline, immediately postablation, and at 6 months. Temporal changes were analysed using Friedman and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, while between-group comparisons used Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results: IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17A showed significant temporal changes (all p < 0.001). IL-6 increased immediately after ablation (0.088 to 0.122 pg/mL) before decreasing below baseline at 6 months (0.079 pg/mL). IL-17A progressively declined across all time points (0.073, 0.069, and 0.048 pg/mL). At 6 months, IL-1α levels were higher in primary versus recurrent AF (0.079 vs. 0.067 pg/mL; p = 0.047). Baseline IL-1β and IL-28A differed across AF subtypes (p = 0.040 and p = 0.014). No pre-operative cytokine independently predicted recurrence. Conclusions: AF ablation is associated with distinct cytokine trajectories, particularly for IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17A. Cytokine profiles vary by AF type and recurrence, highlighting the potential role of immune monitoring in AF management. These findings should be regarded as exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Full article

Background/Objectives: Current hemoglobin management in neurocritical care relies on static transfusion thresholds, which fail to capture the dynamic nature of hemoglobin changes during ICU care. We aimed to determine whether distinct longitudinal hemoglobin trajectory phenotypes exist among neurosurgical ICU patients and whether specific trajectory patterns independently predict unfavorable neurological outcomes. Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, we analyzed 8517 patients admitted to the neurosurgical ICU of a tertiary academic medical center between January 2015 and December 2024. A feature-based Gaussian mixture model was applied to trajectory-derived hemoglobin features over the first 14 ICU days to identify distinct hemoglobin trajectory phenotypes. The association between trajectory class and neurological outcomes was evaluated using propensity score matching. Results: Six distinct hemoglobin trajectory phenotypes were identified. The “Rapid Dropper” phenotype (Class 2; n = 351, 4.1%), characterized by the steepest decline velocity and highest variability, showed dramatically worse outcomes: 36.5% unfavorable neurological outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale 1–3) versus 3.1% in all other classes combined (odds ratio [OR], 18.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 14.08–23.27). This association persisted after propensity score matching (OR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.77–3.26; p < 0.001). Hemorrhagic diagnoses were disproportionately concentrated in this high-risk phenotype. A combined prediction model incorporating trajectory-derived features within 72 h achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.850 (95% CI, 0.829–0.870). This value reflects retrospective full-trajectory phenotyping; in a 72 h landmark analysis, early-feature prediction achieved an AUC of approximately 0.72. Conclusions: Hemoglobin trajectory phenotyping identified a high-risk “Rapid Dropper” subgroup that was significantly associated with worse short-term neurological outcomes. The rate of hemoglobin decline, rather than any single threshold, was associated with prognostic separation; prospective and external validation is required before these associations can inform transfusion strategy. Full article

Background: Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in children, frequently associated with skin barrier dysfunction, immune dysregulation, and dysbiosis. Infected, treatment-resistant lesions may increase disease severity and complicate management, particularly in the presence of Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Objectives: To characterize the microbiological profile of infected, non-responsive pediatric atopic dermatitis, evaluate short-term clinical outcomes following individualized treatment, and identify predictors of disease severity. Methods: This observational analytical study included 41 children with atopic dermatitis recruited at Saint Constantin Hospital, Brașov, Romania, between September 2025 and February 2026. Eligible patients fulfilled the Hanifin and Rajka criteria and presented with infected, treatment-resistant lesions. Skin cultures were subjected to an antibiogram and antifungigram. Disease severity was assessed using the Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) and SCORAD at baseline, 7 days, and 30 days. Repeated-measures ANOVA, mixed ANOVA, and hierarchical linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen, followed by other bacterial species. Both POEM and SCORAD scores improved significantly over the 30-day follow-up, with marked improvement after 7 days and further reduction by day 30. Although patients with S. aureus colonization and those receiving systemic therapy tended to have higher disease severity, neither factor significantly influenced the trajectory of clinical improvement. Baseline disease severity was the strongest predictor of 30-day POEM and SCORAD outcomes, whereas demographic and perinatal characteristics did not independently predict short-term clinical outcomes. Conclusions: Individualized management was associated with significant improvements in clinician-assessed disease severity and patient-reported symptoms during the 30-day follow-up. Staphylococcus aureus, particularly methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), was the most frequently isolated pathogen. Baseline disease severity was the strongest predictor of short-term clinical outcomes, whereas the evaluated demographic and perinatal characteristics did not provide additional predictive value in this cohort. Larger prospective controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings. Full article