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71,357 Results Found

  • Entry
  • Open Access
23 Citations
47,928 Views
27 Pages

Structural Systems for Tall Buildings

  • Mir M. Ali and
  • Kheir Al-Kodmany

Structural systems for tall buildings have gone through an evolutionary process. The rigid frame became popular in the first half of the 20th century but proved to be structurally inefficient beyond a certain height of tall buildings. The invention o...

  • Review
  • Open Access
25 Citations
10,448 Views
24 Pages

The remarkable development of timber construction technologies in recent decades has led to an increase in the number of timber buildings worldwide, including multi-storey buildings. The design of timber buildings, especially those of greater height,...

  • Review
  • Open Access
121 Citations
37,816 Views
34 Pages

10 August 2018

New developments of tall buildings of ever-growing heights have been continuously taking place worldwide. Consequently, many innovations in structural systems have emerged. This paper presents a retrospective survey of the main structural systems for...

  • Article
  • Open Access
40 Citations
4,561 Views
18 Pages

16 July 2019

With the help of community participants, smartphones can become useful wireless sensor network (WSN) components, form a self-governing structural health monitoring (SHM) system, and merge structural mechanics with participatory sensing and server com...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
6,136 Views
20 Pages

11 October 2022

Many professionals from several disciplines need to cooperate in designing and constructing tall buildings since their design and construction require more complex systems and technologies in terms of structure, installation, facade, vertical circula...

  • Review
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,844 Views
28 Pages

Advances in the Structural Strategies of the Self-Assembly of Photoresponsive Supramolecular Systems

  • Vivian J. Santamaria-Garcia,
  • Domingo R. Flores-Hernandez,
  • Flavio F. Contreras-Torres,
  • Rodrigo Cué-Sampedro and
  • José Antonio Sánchez-Fernández

Photosensitive supramolecular systems have garnered attention due to their potential to catalyze highly specific tasks through structural changes triggered by a light stimulus. The tunability of their chemical structure and charge transfer properties...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,671 Views
20 Pages

Multi-Criteria Assessment of Timber-Based Structural Systems for a Grocery Store

  • Tomas Gecys,
  • Laura Tupenaite,
  • Loreta Kanapeckiene and
  • Jurga Naimaviciene

To reduce the negative impact on the environment, architects, designers, and construction companies need to find and apply eco-friendly and sustainable building solutions. Due to its renewable nature and numerous advantages, timber has become an attr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,992 Views
20 Pages

The calendar safety life of the surface protection system in aircraft structures is the time limit for it to be used without functional failure at a certain level of reliability and confidence. The reliability of such protection systems and the opera...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
5,078 Views
16 Pages

Parametric Analysis of the Shear Lag Effect in Tube Structural Systems of Tall Buildings

  • Ivan Hafner,
  • Anđelko Vlašić,
  • Tomislav Kišiček and
  • Tvrtko Renić

30 December 2020

Horizontal loads such as earthquake and wind are considered dominant loads for the design of tall buildings. One of the most efficient structural systems in this regard is the tube structural system. Even though such systems have a high resistance wh...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
4,863 Views
24 Pages

10 February 2021

Image-based optical vibration measurement is an attractive alternative to the conventional measurement of structural dynamics predominantly relying on accelerometry. Although various optical vibration monitoring systems are now readily available, the...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,510 Views
22 Pages

Generative Design-Driven Optimization for Effective Concrete Structural Systems

  • Hossam Wefki,
  • Mona Salah,
  • Emad Elbeltagi and
  • Majed Alinizzi

27 July 2025

The process of designing reinforced concrete (RC) buildings has traditionally relied on manually evaluating a limited number of layout alternatives—a time-intensive process that may not always yield the most functionally efficient solution. Thi...

  • Article
  • Open Access
707 Views
21 Pages

19 December 2025

The reassessment of structural capacity is critical to maintain the safety, serviceability, and sustainability of ageing civil engineering infrastructure. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) allows in situ measurements to be incorporated into structur...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
2,922 Views
12 Pages

Health and Structural Integrity of Monitoring Systems: The Case Study of Pressurized Pipelines

  • Vladimír Chmelko,
  • Martin Garan,
  • Miroslav Šulko and
  • Marek Gašparík

31 August 2020

In the operation of some structures, particularly in energy or chemical industry where pressurized pipeline systems are employed, certain unexpected critical situations may occur, which must be definitely avoided. Otherwise, such situations would res...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
2,335 Views
15 Pages

Seismic Fragility Analysis of Aqueduct Structural Systems Based on G-PCM Method

  • Ying Ma,
  • Zebin Wu,
  • Zhongshan Liu,
  • Mengqing Zhang and
  • Mayibair Aibaidula

13 October 2022

In order to accurately predict the seismic fragility of an aqueduct system, the General Product of Conditional Marginal (G-PCM) method was applied to the seismic fragility analysis of the aqueduct structural system, consisting of interrelated compone...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2,818 Views
18 Pages

Isomorph Invariance of Higher-Order Structural Measures in Four Lennard–Jones Systems

  • Mahajabin Rahman,
  • Benjamin M. G. D. Carter,
  • Shibu Saw,
  • Ian M. Douglass,
  • Lorenzo Costigliola,
  • Trond S. Ingebrigtsen,
  • Thomas B. Schrøder,
  • Ulf R. Pedersen and
  • Jeppe C. Dyre

20 March 2021

In the condensed liquid phase, both single- and multicomponent Lennard–Jones (LJ) systems obey the “hidden-scale-invariance” symmetry to a good approximation. Defining an isomorph as a line of constant excess entropy in the thermodynamic phase diagra...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,289 Views
20 Pages

Package Network Model: A Way to Capture Holistic Structural Features of Open-Source Operating Systems

  • Jing Wang,
  • Kedi Zhang,
  • Xiaoli Sun,
  • Yusong Tan,
  • Qingbo Wu and
  • Quanyuan Wu

1 February 2019

Open-source software has become a powerful engine for the development of the software industry. Its production mode, which is based on large-scale group collaboration, allows for the rapid and continuous evolution of open-source software on demand. A...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
29 Citations
5,288 Views
20 Pages

Energy Hub’s Structural and Operational Optimization for Minimal Energy Usage Costs in Energy Systems

  • Thanh Tung Ha,
  • Yongjun Zhang,
  • Jinbao Hao,
  • V. V. Thang,
  • Canbing Li and
  • Zexiang Cai

21 March 2018

The structural and optimal operation of an Energy Hub (EH) has a tremendous influence on the hub’s performance and reliability. This paper envisions an innovative methodology that prominently increases the synergy between structural and operational o...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
1,754 Views
16 Pages

8 December 2022

Non-probabilistic structural reliability analysis is based on the convex model and more applicable for practical engineering problems with limited samples. Recently, the authors proposed a non-probabilistic reliability bounds method (NRBM) for series...

  • Article
  • Open Access
24 Citations
8,688 Views
16 Pages

This paper summarizes the lessons learned after several decades of exploring and applying Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) in operating bridge structures. The challenges in real-time imaging and processing of large amounts of sensor data at various...

  • Article
  • Open Access
18 Citations
6,171 Views
30 Pages

Sustainable and Efficient Structural Systems for Tall Buildings: Exploring Timber and Steel–Timber Hybrids through a Case Study

  • Fabrizio Ascione,
  • Francesco Esposito,
  • Giacomo Iovane,
  • Diana Faiella,
  • Beatrice Faggiano and
  • Elena Mele

15 February 2024

The paper focuses on tall timber buildings. The major aim of this paper is to identify the most sustainable and efficient structural system to increase the height of timber buildings, also considering steel–timber hybrid structures. First of al...

  • Article
  • Open Access
3,089 Views
19 Pages

Estimation of Floor Response Spectra for Self-Centering Structural Systems with Flag-Shaped Hysteretic Behavior

  • Binod Kumar Shrestha,
  • Anil C. Wijeyewickrema,
  • Hiroki Miyashita and
  • Niraj Malla

3 February 2022

Spectral floor-acceleration demands are necessary for the seismic design of acceleration-sensitive non-structural components (NSCs). Existing studies to estimate floor response spectra (FRS) using empirical equations are based on elasto-plastic and s...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
4,085 Views
14 Pages

24 June 2021

Construction waste generation along with the extensive consumption of natural resources has propelled researchers to investigate effective measures for minimising the waste. While several studies have shown that the structural design would be an infl...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,682 Views
20 Pages

9 October 2024

The BlueDeck profiled steel sheeting system offers an innovative composite flooring solution, integrating high-strength steel sheets with reinforced concrete to form a unified structure. This study aimed to evaluate the development of full composite...

  • Article
  • Open Access
5 Citations
2,717 Views
57 Pages

Integrating Remote Sensing and Knowledge-Based Systems for Structural Lineament Mapping in the Rif Belt

  • Meriyam Mhammdi Alaoui,
  • Ilias Kacimi,
  • Khadija Diani,
  • Moad Morarech,
  • Saâd Soulaimani and
  • Mohammed Elhag

1 September 2025

This study presents a novel methodology for mapping Fault- and Thrust-based Structural Lineaments (FT-SL) in the rugged and inaccessible Oued-Laou watershed of the Rif Belt, Morocco. Combining optical (Landsat-8 OLI, Sentinel-2 MSI) and radar (Sentin...

  • Article
  • Open Access
614 Views
19 Pages

10 September 2025

Ultra-fast fire, characterized by rapid heat release and associated overpressure, poses serious challenges to structural safety in industrial facilities. This study presents the design and evaluation of a protective block capable of resisting both th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
21 Citations
6,578 Views
24 Pages

18 September 2017

The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry consume approximately 23% of the national energy annually, and are considered among the highest energy consuming industries. Recently, several studies have focused on establishing strateg...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
840 Views
24 Pages

Stochastic vibration control of uncertain structures under random loading is an important problem and its minimax optimal control strategy remains to be developed. In this paper, a stochastic optimal control strategy for uncertain structural systems...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
9,038 Views
20 Pages

Flood warning and response systems are essential components of risk reduction strategies with the potential to reduce loss of life and impact on personal assets. However, recent flood incidents have caused significant loss of human lives due to failu...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,693 Views
20 Pages

28 November 2022

From large-scale aerospace systems to household appliances and other systems in daily life, the application of parallel systems is involved. A parallel system is a typical structural dependence multi-component system, in addition to a series system a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
22 Citations
6,889 Views
21 Pages

Structural Model for the Effects of Environmental Elements on the Psychological Characteristics and Performance of the Employees of Manufacturing Systems

  • Arturo Realyvásquez,
  • Aidé Aracely Maldonado-Macías,
  • Jorge García-Alcaraz,
  • Guillermo Cortés-Robles and
  • Julio Blanco-Fernández

This paper analyzes the effects of environmental elements on the psychological characteristics and performance of employees in manufacturing systems using structural equation modeling. Increasing the comprehension of these effects may help optimize m...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
4,182 Views
31 Pages

Integration of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems into Building Envelopes for Structural Health Monitoring with Fiber Optic Sensing Technology

  • Alessandro Pracucci,
  • Laura Vandi,
  • Francesco Belletti,
  • Amanda Ramos Aragão Melo,
  • Marios Vlachos,
  • Angelos Amditis,
  • Maria Teresa Calcagni and
  • David Seixas Esteves

8 April 2024

This paper presents a study about the integration of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Systems (PE-EHSs) into building envelopes for powering Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors, enabling efficient and low-consumption monitoring with the objective of lev...

  • Article
  • Open Access
217 Views
21 Pages

15 January 2026

To address the imbalance between the “ecological advantage” and “economic benefit” of wooden structure buildings, this study examines two structural construction methods utilizing inexpensive and readily available small-diamet...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
2,627 Views
22 Pages

29 June 2023

The multiway valve is the core component of the integrated thermal management system in an electric vehicle, and its heat transfer loss and pressure loss significantly impact the performance of the whole thermal management system. In this paper, heat...

  • Article
  • Open Access
16 Citations
4,532 Views
16 Pages

30 April 2022

Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) are an important component of the ecology and economy in coastal zones. Through the long-term consolidation of densely clustered shells, oyster reefs generate three-dimensional and complex structures that yield...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,345 Views
24 Pages

27 December 2024

This article presents a new parametric method for shaping flat transverse frame structural systems supporting thin-walled roofs made of flat sheets folded unidirectionally and transformed elastically to various shell forms. The parameterization was l...

  • Article
  • Open Access
289 Views
15 Pages

25 November 2025

In this paper, a distributed output-feedback control law is proposed to explore the containment control problem for uncertain multi-agent systems with nonlinear dynamics. First, unlike the existing control schemes, an improved observer-based robust c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1,731 Views
19 Pages

30 April 2024

Sensor faults are one of the most common faults that cause performance degradation or functional loss in permanent magnet traction drive systems (PMTDSs). To quickly diagnose faulty sensors, this paper proposes a real-time joint diagnosis method for...

  • Review
  • Open Access
15 Citations
4,993 Views
54 Pages

24 February 2024

Recently, more wind turbine systems have been installed in deep waters far from the coast. Several concepts of floating wind turbine systems (FWTS) have been developed, among which, the semi-submersible platform—due to its applicability in diff...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,239 Views
15 Pages

19 September 2022

A new reliability estimation method based on partial multiplicative dimensional reduction is proposed for probabilistic and non-probabilistic hybrid structural systems. The proposed method is characterized by decorrelating interval input variables fr...

  • Article
  • Open Access
23 Citations
7,064 Views
15 Pages

Structural Features and the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Green Tea Extract-Loaded Liquid Crystalline Systems Intended for Skin Delivery

  • Patricia Bento da Silva,
  • Giovana Maria Fioramonti Calixto,
  • João Augusto Oshiro Júnior,
  • Raisa Lana Ávila Bombardelli,
  • Bruno Fonseca-Santos,
  • Camila Fernanda Rodero and
  • Marlus Chorilli

18 January 2017

Camellia sinensis, which is obtained from green tea extract (GTE), has been widely used in therapy owing to the antioxidant, chemoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities of its chemical components. However, GTE is an unstable compound, and may u...

  • Review
  • Open Access
10 Citations
3,388 Views
16 Pages

22 July 2024

Plant proteins have gained significant attention over animal proteins due to their low carbon footprint, balanced nutrition, and high sustainability. These attributes make plant protein nanocarriers promising for applications in drug delivery, nutrac...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
615 Views
19 Pages

4 October 2025

The long-distance high-voltage transmission tower-line system, frequently traversing active fault zones, is vulnerable to severe symmetry-breaking damage during earthquakes due to asymmetric permanent ground displacements. However, the seismic perfor...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,471 Views
22 Pages

28 November 2021

Curtain wall glazing systems are a major part of a building due to the multiple roles they have, including occupant protection against environmental effects and the transfer of loads to the structural system. From a structural perspective, limited an...

  • Review
  • Open Access
12 Citations
7,465 Views
16 Pages

16 November 2021

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by lyssaviruses, such as rabies virus (RABV), that results in nearly 100% mortality once clinical symptoms appear. There are no curable drugs available yet. RABV contains five structural proteins that play a...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,845 Views
24 Pages

6 November 2023

The livelihood changes due to the COVID-19 policies in low-income and transitional economies serve as a lever for gauging the structural resilience of national food systems. Yet, few studies have addressed the cascading effects of the pandemic polici...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,004 Views
35 Pages

26 July 2023

This paper is concerned with the calibration and validation of a numerical procedure for the analysis of pile performance in soft clays during seismic soil–pile–superstructure interaction (SSPSI) scenarios. Currently, there are no widely...

  • Article
  • Open Access
25 Citations
6,585 Views
28 Pages

9 March 2022

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is essential to identifying problems that may cause human and material losses produced by disastrous and unexpected structural failures. The dynamic characterization of civil structures adopting SHM systems provides...

  • Concept Paper
  • Open Access
14 Citations
13,741 Views
17 Pages

The Meaning of “Structure” in Systems Thinking

  • Jamie P. Monat and
  • Thomas F. Gannon

9 February 2023

“Systemic structure” is an oft-used term in Systems Thinking. However, different authors use different, sometimes conflicting definitions of “systemic structure,” many of which are nebulous, and therefore its meaning is not cl...

  • Review
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,335 Views
59 Pages

This review investigates the novel idea that proteins catalyze chemical reactions through conformational changes driven by energy derived from their collisions with water molecules. Recent studies have suggested that proteins in solution undergo cons...

  • Article
  • Open Access
192 Views
36 Pages

Structural Contrasts and Potential of Complementarity of National Innovation Systems of Russia and Kazakhstan in the Context of EAEU Integration

  • Nataliya V. Yakovenko,
  • Zhanar S. Rakhimbekova,
  • Natalia A. Azarova,
  • Tatyana B. Klimova,
  • Ainur A. Ashimova,
  • Marina Ye. Tsoy,
  • Lyudmila V. Semenova and
  • Zhuldyz M. Yelubayeva

9 February 2026

The formation of a unified innovation space is a key challenge for deepening Eurasian integration. This study aims to develop the concept of asymmetric complementarity by investigating how the structural asymmetry between the NIS of Russia and Kazakh...

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