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Large AI Models for Positioning and Perception in Autonomous Driving

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Navigation and Positioning".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 2817

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
Interests: autonomous driving, electric vehicles and intelligent systems; new generation clean propulsion control and optimisation; digital modelling and simulation; intelligent transportation system and artificial intelligence (AI) in engineering practice
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Aeronautical and Automotive Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
Interests: shared control (i.e., human–machine interaction); development of advanced driver assistant system (adas); autonomous vehicles; traffic control
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the field of artificial intelligence (AI) advances, large AI models have emerged as powerful tools for enhancing the capabilities of autonomous driving systems, particularly in positioning and perception. These models offer unprecedented accuracy and adaptability, enabling vehicles to navigate complex environments with greater safety and efficiency. This Special Issue seeks to bring together the latest research on the development and application of large AI models in the areas of positioning and perception for autonomous vehicles.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Development of large AI models for positioning in autonomous vehicles;
  • AI-based perception systems using large models for object detection and classification;
  • Integration of large AI models with sensor fusion techniques in autonomous driving;
  • Real-time deployment of large AI models for navigation and situational awareness;
  • Impact of large AI models on the accuracy and reliability of autonomous vehicle perception;
  • Computational challenges and optimization techniques for large AI models in autonomous systems;
  • Applications of large AI models in 3D mapping and localization for autonomous driving;
  • AI-driven predictive analytics for autonomous vehicle positioning;
  • Case studies on the implementation of large AI models in real-world autonomous driving scenarios;
  • Future trends and challenges in the use of large AI models for autonomous driving positioning and perception. 

Dr. Yuanjian Zhang
Dr. Jingjing Jiang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • large AI model
  • autonomous driving
  • vehicle perception
  • positioning system
  • sensor fusion

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 7601 KiB  
Article
Data-Driven Enhancements for MPC-Based Path Tracking Controller in Autonomous Vehicles
by Jianhua Guo, Zhihao Xie, Ming Liu, Jincheng Hu, Zhiyuan Dai and Jinqiu Guo
Sensors 2024, 24(23), 7657; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24237657 - 29 Nov 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1105
Abstract
The accuracy of the control model is essential for the effectiveness of model-based control methods. However, factors such as model simplification, parameter variations, and environmental noise can introduce inaccuracies in vehicle state descriptions, thereby compromising the precision of path tracking. This study introduces [...] Read more.
The accuracy of the control model is essential for the effectiveness of model-based control methods. However, factors such as model simplification, parameter variations, and environmental noise can introduce inaccuracies in vehicle state descriptions, thereby compromising the precision of path tracking. This study introduces data-driven enhancements for an MPC-based path tracking controller in autonomous vehicles (DD-PTC). The approach consists of two parts: firstly, Kolmogorov–Arnold Networks (KANs) are utilized to estimate tire lateral forces and correct tire cornering stiffness, thereby establishing a dynamic predictive model. Secondly, Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) is deployed to accurately capture the unmodeled dynamics of the vehicle to form a comprehensive control model. This enhanced model allows for precise path tracking through steering control. The superiority of DD-PTC is confirmed through extensive testing on the Simulink-CarSim simulation platform, where it consistently surpasses normal MPC and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) strategies, especially in minimizing lateral distance errors under challenging driving conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Large AI Models for Positioning and Perception in Autonomous Driving)
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19 pages, 10067 KiB  
Article
A Novel Panorama Depth Estimation Framework for Autonomous Driving Scenarios Based on a Vision Transformer
by Yuqi Zhang, Liang Chu, Zixu Wang, He Tong, Jincheng Hu and Jihao Li
Sensors 2024, 24(21), 7013; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24217013 - 31 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1449
Abstract
An accurate panorama depth estimation result is crucial to risk perception in autonomous driving practice. In this paper, an innovative framework is presented to address the challenges of imperfect observation and projection fusion in panorama depth estimation, enabling the accurate capture of distances [...] Read more.
An accurate panorama depth estimation result is crucial to risk perception in autonomous driving practice. In this paper, an innovative framework is presented to address the challenges of imperfect observation and projection fusion in panorama depth estimation, enabling the accurate capture of distances from surrounding images in driving scenarios. First, the Patch Filling method is proposed to alleviate the imperfect observation of panoramic depth in autonomous driving scenarios, which constructs a panoramic depth map based on the sparse distance data provided by the 3D point cloud. Then, in order to tackle the distortion challenge faced by outdoor panoramic images, a method for image context learning, ViT-Fuse, is proposed and specifically designed for equirectangular panoramic views. The experimental results show that the proposed ViT-Fuse reduces the estimation error by 9.15% on average in driving scenarios compared with the basic method and exhibits more robust and smoother results on the edge details of the depth estimation maps. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Large AI Models for Positioning and Perception in Autonomous Driving)
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