Search Results (37,910)

Toxoplasma gondii is a globally prevalent zoonotic parasite with major public health and veterinary impacts. In Egypt, One Health data on its distribution among blood donors and livestock are limited. This multicentric cross-sectional study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among asymptomatic blood donors and livestock across six different Egyptian governorates and to identify the associated risk factors. Serum samples of 2000 asymptomatic blood donors and 500 animals (cattle and buffaloes) were tested for anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using ELISA. Sociodemographic and behavioral data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Overall IgG seroprevalence in blood donors was 41.8%, with IgM seropositivity at 2.1%. Significant regional variation was observed (p < 0.001), ranging from 66.5% in Alexandria to 16% in Cairo. The most significant risk factors were consumption of undercooked meat, contact with cats, and engagement in agricultural activities (p < 0.001). Among livestock, IgG and IgM seroprevalence were 7.2% and 5.2%, respectively, indicating active parasite circulation. The presence of seropositivity among apparently healthy donors raises concerns regarding transfusion safety. These findings highlight substantial and regionally heterogeneous Toxoplasma gondii exposure in Egypt. A One Health approach integrating public health education, food safety measures, and targeted screening of high-risk populations and animals is essential to reduce disease burden. Full article

Background: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the CD40-CD40L axis plays a key role in immune cell activation and the production of inflammatory mediators. Although the soluble form of CD40 (sCD40) has been identified and investigated in various autoimmune disorders, its significance in RA and its relationship with inflammatory and humoral markers remain to be fully elucidated. Methods: Sixty-two patients with RA, classified according to the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria, and 31 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Clinical characteristics, disease activity (DAS28-ESR), and acute-phase reactant levels (CRP and ESR) were evaluated in patients with RA. Autoantibodies (RF, ACPA, anti-MCV, and anti-PAD4), serum cytokines, and sCD40 levels were quantified using ELISA and multiplex bead-based assays. Group differences and associations were assessed using nonparametric tests. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to account for potential confounding variables. Results: Serum sCD40 levels did not differ significantly between patients with RA and healthy controls or among patient subgroups stratified by disease activity or sex. No associations were observed between sCD40 levels and autoantibody seropositivity or titers. sCD40 levels were positively correlated with age (r_s = 0.293, p = 0.02). Notably, after adjustment for age, sCD40 showed a significant negative correlation with IL-2 (r_s = −0.317, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Serum sCD40 does not reflect disease activity or the humoral immune response in RA. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to evaluate its relevance during early stages of the disease and to further characterize its role in cytokine production. Full article

Chromosome preparation from peripheral blood in felids is often difficult because lymphocytes respond inconsistently to standard mitogens like phytohemagglutinin (PHA), resulting in low and variable mitotic indices. Here, we present a standardized and reproducible protocol for lymphocyte culture and metaphase chromosome preparation in felids using concanavalin A (ConA) as a mitogenic stimulus. A total of 300 µL of peripheral blood consistently produced optimal chromosome preparations and was cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum, antibiotics, and Concanavalin A (40 µg/mL), then incubated at 37 °C for 70 h. Mitotic arrest was induced with colchicine, and cells were subjected to hypotonic treatment and fixation using methanol–acetic acid before slide preparation and Giemsa staining. This approach consistently yielded high-quality metaphase spreads across the eight felid species examined, with mean values ranging from 32 ± 5 to 55 ± 7 metaphases per slide, while maintaining chromosome morphology appropriate for cytogenetic investigation. Compared with fibroblast-based approaches, this methodology is less invasive and more feasible for clinical and conservation applications because it relies on peripheral blood collection rather than tissue biopsy, reducing the invasiveness of sampling procedures. This optimized lymphocyte culture workflow enhances mitotic yield and repeatability, serving as a significant resource for cytogenetic research, particularly in veterinary genetics, evolutionary biology, and the conservation of endangered felid species. Full article

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a major enteric coronavirus that causes severe economic losses to the global swine industry. Current vaccines suffer from weak immunogenicity, insufficient mucosal immunity, and a short duration of protection. Nanoparticle delivery systems have emerged as a promising strategy for next-generation vaccine development. In the present study, we constructed an S1-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine using the SpyTag-SpyCatcher modular conjugation system. The morphology, particle size, and uniformity of the nanoparticle vaccine were systematically characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). After two immunizations, the S-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine elicited potent humoral and cellular immune responses in both mice and piglets. In piglets, at 2 weeks post booster vaccination, PEDV-specific serum IgG endpoint titers peaked at 1:2560, virus-neutralizing antibody titers reached 1:256 against the JS-2/2015 strain, and serum IFN-γ levels reached 274 pg/mL. All these immunological indicators were significantly higher than those observed in the PEDV-inactivated whole-virus vaccine group. Furthermore, challenge tests showed that the S1-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine provided complete protection against PEDV infection and significantly reduced the severity of diarrhea and intestinal damage in piglets after challenge. These findings suggest that the S1-Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine constitutes a promising candidate against PEDV infection, though our study is only a preliminary step and subsequent field trials in pigs are still required. Full article

The reproductive and developmental toxicity of diquat (DQ), a widely used herbicide, during pregnancy remains insufficiently characterized. This study investigated the effects of repeated DQ exposure on fetal development and maternal metabolism in pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were administered sublethal doses of DQ (28.88 and 57.57 mg/kg), and maternal serum sex hormones, fetal skeletal development, and serum metabolomic profiles were evaluated. Compared with controls, serum estradiol levels were significantly decreased in the high-dose exposure group, whereas luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels remained unchanged. Significant alterations in malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione levels indicated oxidative stress in exposed rats. Severe fetal skeletal ossification deficits and developmental delays were observed, with incomplete or failed ossification of the occipital bone, sternum, caudal vertebrae, and pelvis, with litter-level incidences reaching 100%. Metabolomic analysis identified distinct serum metabolic profiles between DQ-exposed and control groups, suggesting ovarian steroidogenesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and aldosterone synthesis and secretion as key pathways affected by DQ toxicity. These findings suggest that repeated maternal exposure to DQ induces oxidative stress, disrupts metabolic and hormonal homeostasis, and causes delayed fetal skeletal development. This study provides novel evidence for understanding the reproductive and developmental toxicity of DQ and its potential metabolic mechanisms. Full article

Background: 2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid (GenX) is a perfluoroether carboxylic acid that has been detected in drinking water sources. Its potential hepatotoxicity has raised concern, although the associated molecular alterations remain incompletely understood. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a naturally occurring polyphenol, has been reported to affect oxidative stress and metabolic homeostasis. Methods: Adult male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to GenX (2 mg/kg/day) with or without CGA (30 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 12 weeks. AML12 cells were treated with GenX (10–800 μM) for 24 or 48 h to assess cell viability, and intracellular lipid accumulation was evaluated after exposure to 200 μM GenX for 24 h. Results: GenX exposure induced hepatomegaly, microvesicular steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and a reduction in hepatic glycogen stores. It also decreased hepatic glutathione concentrations and increased hepatic malondialdehyde concentrations. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were elevated. In AML12 cells, GenX increased intracellular lipid accumulation, as assessed by Oil Red O staining. Transcriptomic analysis identified significant enrichment of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Consistently, GenX altered the expression of genes and proteins involved in lipogenesis, fatty acid uptake, lipid storage, and fatty acid oxidation, suggesting disturbed PPAR-related lipid metabolic regulation. Moreover, the decreased p-mTOR/mTOR ratio, increased LC3-II/I, and overexpression of Beclin1, p62, and inflammatory mediators in the GenX group might suggest changes in autophagy-related proteins and inflammatory response. CGA coadministration partially attenuated several GenX-induced hepatic alterations, including liver enlargement, hepatic lipid accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and changes in selected autophagy- and inflammation-related proteins. Conclusions: Subchronic GenX exposure-induced adverse hepatic effects might be associated with disrupted PPAR-related lipid metabolic regulation, oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and changes in autophagy-related proteins. CGA might exert potential modulatory effects. Full article

This study investigates the synergistic effects of compaction pressure and vapor-induced phase separation (VIPS) on the morphological, mechanical, and initial filtration properties of activated carbon/polyethersulfone composite block membranes. Membranes were fabricated using varying compaction pressures (5 and 10 kg/cm²) and VIPS exposure times (0 and 10 min) prior to direct non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS). Surface wettability analysis revealed that the optimized 50 wt.% activated carbon configurations were superhydrophilic (0° water contact angle), exhibiting instantaneous fluid absorption driven by strong capillary forces within the highly hygroscopic matrix. Morphological and gravimetric evaluations demonstrated that minimizing compaction (5 kg/cm²) and bypassing VIPS generated large macrovoids, resulting in the highest bulk internal porosity (61.05%) and maximum continuous gravity-driven water flux. Conversely, incorporating a 10-min VIPS exposure shifted the internal structure toward an interconnected sponge-like network. This structural transformation yielded the highest bovine serum albumin (BSA) rejection rate (12.97%) when paired with low pressure, as the network extended fluid residence time and maximized exposure to the activated carbon adsorption sites. Applying high compaction pressure (10 kg/cm²) to VIPS-treated membranes induced excessive polymer encapsulation of the active particles, significantly reducing separation efficiency while concurrently maximizing initial uniaxial tensile strength. Ultimately, these findings establish a foundational and highly tunable framework, demonstrating that calibrating mechanical compression alongside phase inversion dynamics balances permeability, adsorptive selectivity, and inter-particle binding cohesion for composite block membranes. Full article

This study aimed to investigate the effects of a facial serum containing Tubtim Chumphae rice extract on skin hydration, elasticity, oiliness, pigmentation, and erythema in healthy adults aged 30–50 years. Thirty participants applied two facial serums daily to opposite sides of the face for 12 weeks: (1) a serum containing Tubtim Chumphae rice extract (treatment intervention) and (2) a standard serum formulation containing 2% α-arbutin (control intervention). Skin hydration, elasticity, oiliness, melanin, and erythema were assessed at baseline and after the intervention using non-invasive skin measurement techniques. At baseline, no significant differences were observed between facial sides for any outcome. After 12 weeks, the side treated with the treatment intervention demonstrated significant within-side improvements in skin hydration at the forehead, skin elasticity at the cheeks and chin, and reductions in melanin and erythema in selected facial regions (all p < 0.05). However, paired split-face comparisons revealed that the treatment intervention produced significantly greater skin hydration at the cheek (mean difference = 3.88 AU, 95% CI: 0.23–7.53 AU, p = 0.039) and significantly greater skin elasticity at the forehead (mean difference = 0.090, 95% CI: 0.011–0.169, p = 0.028) compared with the control intervention. In addition, skin oiliness at the cheek was significantly lower on the side treated with the treatment intervention (mean difference = −6.62 µg/cm², 95% CI: −12.62 to −0.62 µg/cm², p = 0.032). No significant between-intervention differences were observed for melanin or erythema at any facial region. These findings suggest that topical application of a facial serum containing Tubtim Chumphae rice extract may improve skin hydration and elasticity while reducing skin oiliness in healthy middle-aged adults. However, no significant advantages over a standard 2% α-arbutin serum were observed for skin pigmentation or erythema after 12 weeks of treatment. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06475222. Full article

Objective: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a relapsing inflammatory disorder of the colon in which persistent mucosal injury, oxidative stress, and defective healing processes contribute to disease progression. Given the need for alternative therapeutic strategies, this study evaluated the efficacy of intrarectal quince gel in an experimental UC model using an integrated approach that combined biochemical assays, histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations, bioinformatic analyses, and molecular docking. Methods: A total of 28 male Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated to one of four experimental groups: Sham, Quince Gel, UC, and UC + Quince Gel (n = 7/group). UC was induced by intrarectal administration of 4% acetic acid, followed by daily intrarectal quince gel treatment for 10 days. To determine the therapeutic effects of quince gel, macroscopic and histopathological changes, colon mass index, oxidative stress indicators (TAS, TOS, OSI, and MDA), serum biochemical parameters, and inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, were evaluated. TGF-β and FGF expression levels were assessed by immunohistochemistry and quantified using QuPath software (version 0.7.0). The phytochemical composition of quince gel was characterized by LC–MS/MS analysis, while protein–protein interaction network analysis and molecular docking were performed to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying its biological effects. Results: Quince gel significantly alleviated acetic acid-induced colonic injury by reducing macroscopic damage scores, histopathological injury, and colon mass index. Treatment restored oxidative balance by increasing total antioxidant status while decreasing total oxidant status, oxidative stress index, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In addition, serum LDH, CRP, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were markedly reduced compared with the untreated UC group. Histological examination demonstrated preservation of epithelial integrity, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and improved mucosal architecture. Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis showed significant attenuation of TGF-β and FGF overexpression following quince gel treatment. LC–MS/MS identified quercetin as a major bioactive constituent of the gel. Bioinformatic analysis revealed TGFB1, STAT3, and MMP9 as central hub proteins within the UC-associated interaction network, whereas molecular docking demonstrated the strongest binding affinity of quercetin toward TNF-α (−7.379 kcal/mol), supporting its potential anti-inflammatory mechanism. Conclusions: Quince gel exerts significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and mucosal regenerative effects in experimental UC. The integration of histopathological, immunohistochemical, phytochemical, bioinformatic, and molecular docking findings suggests that quince gel may protect colonic tissue through coordinated modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and tissue repair pathways. These findings support its potential as a promising complementary therapeutic strategy for UC. Full article

Grape pomace (GP) is being explored as a sustainable feed ingredient for ruminants due to its fiber and polyphenol content; however, its systemic effects under farming conditions remain unclear. This study tested whether 5% dried grape pomace (GP5) modulates serum circulating miRNAs (cmiRNAs) in dairy sheep. Twelve Sarda ewes were enrolled in a 30-day trial and assigned to a control (CTRL) or GP5 diet. Small RNA sequencing was initially performed in GP5 animals (paired T30 vs. T0 comparison); after quality filtering, five paired animals were included in the sequencing analyses. The differentially expressed (DE) cmiRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR in GP5 and CTRL groups. RT-qPCR confirmed the NGS-derived miRNA signature, identifying miR-143, miR-382-5p, miR-409-3p, and miR-194 as significantly downregulated (p < 0.05) in GP5 animals. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) showed that DE miRNAs target shared hubs, with PPAR signaling among the most enriched pathways (BH-adjusted p = 1.35 × 10⁻⁹), predicted to be inhibited (Z = −2.646). Cholecystokinin/gastrin-mediated and S100 signaling were also enriched (BH-adjusted p = 7.08 × 10⁻¹¹ and 3.21 × 10⁻⁸) and predicted to be activated (Z = 2.828 and 3.162). Overall, GP5 supplementation was associated with a selective cmiRNA signature consistent with targeted post-transcriptional regulation. Full article

Background: Blood-accessible biomarkers may support future personalization of prostate cancer radiotherapy, but their interpretation depends on sampling timing relative to radiotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy, and post-treatment recovery. We mapped clinical evidence for selected biomarker domains beyond prostate-specific antigen: γ-H2AX/DNA damage response, IL-6/inflammatory mediators, testosterone/endocrine recovery and a prespecified galectin-1/3 immune–stromal domain evaluated as a potential evidence gap. Methods: We conducted a PRISMA-ScR scoping review of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science searched on 7 January 2026. Eligible original human studies evaluated soluble serum/plasma analytes or peripheral blood cell-based assays in prostate RT pathways. Data were charted by biomarker domain, treatment context, RT modality/fractionation, assay reporting, sampling schedule, and endpoint linkage. Results: Of 3499 records, 45 studies were included. No eligible study reported repeated circulating galectin-1/3 kinetics anchored to prostate radiotherapy, identifying a distinct clinical evidence gap. The remaining evidence was dominated by testosterone studies (n = 28), followed by IL-6/inflammatory mediators (n = 12) and γ-H2AX/DDR (n = 5). Testosterone studies were mapped as separate RT-only endocrine kinetics and ADT-anchored recovery streams. IL-6 studies mainly used during-RT or early post-RT sampling and linked trajectories to acute toxicity, fatigue, symptoms or inflammatory phenotypes; no included study directly validated serial IL-6/inflammatory trajectories against biochemical control, metastasis-free survival, or overall survival. γ-H2AX studies were characterized by ultra-acute, fraction-anchored sampling. Across domains, baseline definition and sampling timing limited interpretability more than assay platform alone. Conclusions: Evidence maturity was unequal across the selected domains. Testosterone provided the comparatively more developed longitudinal clinical literature, whereas IL-6/inflammatory mediators remained exploratory and were linked mainly to acute toxicity, fatigue, symptoms, and inflammatory phenotypes. γ-H2AX remained predominantly a translational and biodosimetry-oriented marker, while galectin-1/3 represented a hypothesis-generating clinical evidence gap. None of these biomarkers currently supports routine biomarker-guided prostate RT personalization. Future biomarker-embedded studies may benefit from domain-specific sampling considerations, explicit RT/systemic-therapy context stratification, standardized assay reporting, and clinically relevant endpoints. Full article

Glyphosate, the world’s most widely used herbicide, is of growing concern in both human and veterinary medicine because livestock, companion, and working animals may be chronically exposed through feed, water, and grazing on treated land. This study evaluates the protective effects of vitamin E (α-tocopherol acetate) against chronic glyphosate-induced hepatotoxicity, multi-organ histopathological damage, and disturbances of systemic redox balance in male Wistar rats. Fifty-six rats were allocated to six groups: control, low-dose glyphosate (LG, 560 mg/kg/day), high-dose glyphosate (HG, 1120 mg/kg/day), LG + vitamin E, HG + vitamin E, and vitamin E alone. Treatments were administered by oral gavage for 30 days at equalised dosing volumes. Serum oxidant/antioxidant markers—total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and the oxidative stress index (OSI)—hepatic enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, LDH), renal markers (urea, creatinine) and cardiac marker creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were measured; liver, lung, kidney, testis and heart were examined histopathologically. Glyphosate produced dose-dependent hepatocellular enzyme elevations (AST, ALT) and progressive multi-organ histopathological injury. Contrary to expectation, serum TOS and OSI did not increase in the glyphosate-only groups but were instead lower than in controls, accompanied by a compensatory rise in TAS—indicating that circulating oxidant markers may underestimate tissue-level oxidative injury at this exposure duration. Vitamin E co-administration markedly enhanced TAS, lowered TOS relative to the corresponding glyphosate group (HG + VitE vs. HG, p = 0.007), reduced OSI and substantially attenuated histopathological damage across all examined organs. Vitamin E thus mitigates glyphosate-induced tissue injury and improves systemic antioxidant capacity, supporting its potential as a protective dietary antioxidant in animals subject to chronic glyphosate exposure. Full article

Background/Objectives: Obesity induced by high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) diets is associated with adipose tissue expansion, dysregulated adipogenesis, chronic low-grade inflammation, and oxidative stress. Bioactive compounds have emerged as promising nutritional strategies to mitigate these alterations, although their stability and bioavailability remain limiting factors. This study investigated the effects of different forms of jabuticaba (Plinia sp.) consumption—whole fruit, freeze-dried peel, and phenolic microencapsulated peel extract—on adipose tissue remodeling, oxidative stress, and metabolic parameters in HFHF-fed mice. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFHF diet for six weeks, followed by six weeks of intervention with the jabuticaba formulations. Results: HFHF feeding induced significant metabolic alterations, evidenced by increased body weight gain, abdominal perimeter, Lee index, and fasting glucose levels. Jabuticaba intake, regardless of formulation, reduced abdominal perimeter, final body weight, and Lee index (p < 0.05) without affecting food intake. Treatment also improved metabolic biomarkers, reducing serum glucose, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, while increasing HDL cholesterol (p < 0.05). In addition, jabuticaba decreased visceral and total adipose tissue mass, attenuated adipocyte hypertrophy, and enhanced antioxidant defenses, leading to reduced oxidative damage in adipose tissue. Conclusions: All the jabuticaba formulations exerted protective metabolic effects; the whole fruit showed more consistent systemic metabolic improvements, whereas the microencapsulated peel extract demonstrated greater efficacy in modulating adipose tissue. Full article

Ancient wheat materials are increasingly used in cereal-based products because of their perceived nutritional advantages and distinctive protein composition. However, their protein quality and IgE-binding properties after processing remain insufficiently characterized. This study evaluated total protein content, essential amino acid composition, ELISA-detectable gliadin content, and IgE-binding patterns in flours and corresponding pasta products prepared from eight industry-sourced ancient and modern wheat materials, including einkorn, emmer, Kamut, spelt, round grain wheat, wheat 2Ab, common wheat, and durum wheat. Protein content was determined by the Kjeldahl method, amino acid composition by UHPLC, gliadin content by direct ELISA, and IgE-binding properties by slot blot analysis using sera from allergic individuals. The analysed wheat materials differed markedly in protein content, amino acid profile, gliadin detectability, and IgE-binding capacity. Spelt and Kamut showed the highest total protein contents, while selected ancient wheat materials, particularly emmer, Kamut, and einkorn, exhibited more favourable scores for some essential amino acids than common wheat and durum wheat. Nevertheless, none of the analysed materials fully met the FAO/WHO reference pattern for all evaluated essential amino acids, with lysine and histidine remaining the main limiting amino acids. Einkorn flour showed the highest ELISA-detectable gliadin content, consistent with its distinctive gluten protein composition. Processing into pasta reduced ELISA-detectable gliadin levels in all analysed materials, indicating processing-related changes in protein extractability and epitope accessibility. Despite reduced gliadin detectability after processing, IgE-reactive components remained detectable in both flour and pasta extracts. IgE-binding patterns were strongly dependent on wheat material, product form, and individual serum profile. Kamut pasta repeatedly showed one of the strongest IgE-binding responses across different sera, indicating that processing did not eliminate IgE-reactive components in this material. These findings demonstrate that selected ancient wheat materials may offer favourable protein-related nutritional characteristics, but these features should not be interpreted as evidence of reduced IgE-binding capacity. Integrated assessment of protein quality, gliadin detectability, and IgE-binding properties is therefore necessary for a more complete evaluation of ancient and modern wheat-based products. Full article

Background/Objectives: Uterine dysfunction contributes to infertility in PCOS. Jiawei Qi Gong Wan (JQGW) is used to improve endometrial homeostasis, but its mechanism is unclear. This study investigated whether JQGW improves uterine function via gut microbiota and metabolites. Methods: Letrozole-induced PCOS mice received JQGW (low/high dose), metformin, or vehicle for 35 days. Endometrial morphology, receptivity genes, Akt2/NF-κB signaling, gut microbiota (16S rRNA), and serum metabolites (LC-MS) were assessed. Results: PCOS mice showed reduced endometrial thickness (126.4 ± 10.8 μm vs. 215.6 ± 12.3 μm in controls, p < 0.001) and fewer glands (12.6 ± 1.8 vs. 28.4 ± 2.1, p < 0.001). JQGW-H increased endometrial thickness (189.3 ± 11.2 μm, p < 0.01 vs. PCOS) and gland number (23.1 ± 1.9, p < 0.01 vs. PCOS), restored the receptivity markers (Nr2f2, Pc6, Ptch, and Hbegf) toward normal levels, suppressed Akt2/NF-κB activation, and reduced inflammatory cytokines. JQGW shifted the β-diversity structure of the gut microbiota toward the control pattern, with Oscillospira enrichment (LDA > 4). Four metabolites (PA(20:0/16:1(9Z)), 7-methylguanosine, methoxyacetic acid, 8.11-eicosadiynoic acid) showed nominal elevation in PCOS and negative correlations with endometrial thickness (r = −0.73 to −0.89, unadjusted p < 0.01), although none survived FDR correction. Conclusions: JQGW ameliorates PCOS-associated uterine dysfunction, potentially via gut microbiota and metabolite modulation. Future studies should validate causality using fertility-based outcomes and microbiota transplantation. Full article