The reduction in the effective dose of evacuated injured persons through contaminated areas of nuclear accidents is an essential emergency services requirement. In this context, there appeared a need to develop a dose-optimised route finding method f...
Background/Objectives: Computed tomography (CT) of the head is vital in diagnosing neurological conditions but poses concerns regarding radiation exposure. Traditional diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are based on anatomical regions, potentially ov...
Introduction: Computed Tomography (CT) brain imaging provides high-resolution anatomical detail but involves relatively higher radiation doses, necessitating dose monitoring and optimisation. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are recommended dose in...
Computed tomography (CT) is a diagnostic imaging process that uses ionising radiation to obtain information about the interior anatomic structure of the human body. Considering that the medical use of ionising radiation implies exposing patients to r...
Radiation dose management of medical staff has become increasingly important. Particularly, based on the statement by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) in 2011, a new lower equivalent dose limit for the eye lens is being...
X-ray imaging protocols in radiology departments often exhibit variability in exposure parameters and geometric setups, leading to inconsistencies in image quality and potential variations in patient dose. Objectives: This study aimed to harmonise an...
Children with congenital heart disease are exposed to repeated medical imaging throughout their lifetime. Although the imaging contributes to their care and treatment, exposure to ionising radiation is known to increase one’s lifetime attributa...
Objectives: This study aims to predict patient-specific Average Glandular Dose (AGD) in mammography using machine learning-based models to support personalised radiation dose optimisation and reduce unnecessary exposure during breast cancer screening...
We discussed the contemporary views on the effects of ionising radiation on living organisms and the process of estimating radiation doses in CT examinations and the definitions of the CTDI, CTDIvol, DLP, SSDE, ED. We reviewed the reports from large...
29 April 2005
In an era of an increasing number of invasive procedures particular attention to radiation exposure and protection measures for patients and staff is warranted. Ionising radiation accounts for risk-dose-dependent stochastic effects (no threshold dose...
We assessed the accuracy of a prototype radiation detector with a built in CMOS amplifier for use in dosimetry for high dose rate brachytherapy. The detectors were fabricated on two substrates of epitaxial high resistivity silicon. The radiation dete...
Background/Objectives: This study quantitatively evaluates the novel Intelligent Noise Reduction (INR) software NE 3.10.0.15 across three chest radiography protocols, namely, physical anti-scatter grid, non-grid, and virtual anti-scatter grid, to opt...
Synchrotron microbeam radiation therapy is a promising pre-clinical radiation treatment modality; however, it comes with many technical challenges. This study describes the image guidance protocol used for Australia’s first long-term pre-clinical MRT...
Modelling the influence of high-energy ionising radiation on the properties of materials with polymeric matrix using advanced artificial intelligence tools plays an important role in the research and development of new materials for various industria...
This study aimed to address the knowledge gap in assessing the radiation doses from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) procedures, establishing a typical value, and estimating effective and organ doses. A total of 340 patients aged 18–80 year...
Molecular radiotherapy, or targeted radionuclide therapy, uses systemically administered drugs bearing a suitable radioactive isotope, typically a beta emitter. These are delivered via metabolic or other physiological pathways to cancer cells in grea...
Computed tomography (CT) is a key imaging technique in diagnostic radiology, providing highly sensitive and specific information. While its use has increased dramatically in recent years, the quantity and associated risks of radiation from CT scans p...
Brain computed tomography (CT) is a diagnostic imaging tool routinely used to assess all paediatric neurologic disorders and other head injuries. Despite the continuous development of paediatric CT imaging, radiation exposure remains a concern. Using...
A search in PubMed revealed that 72 radionuclides have been considered for molecular or functional targeted radionuclide therapy. As radionuclide therapies increase in number and variations, it is important to understand the role of the radionuclide...
Lung cancer screening would benefit from low-dose CT protocols optimized by means of a highly accurate three-dimensional radiation-equivalent thoracic phantom. However, whether three-dimensional (3D)-printed chest phantoms have been used for this pur...
Background and Objectives: C-arm fluoroscopy is used across virtually every anatomical region and target disease in orthopaedic, spinal, and interventional practice, yet the operator’s own radiation burden is rarely quantified at the point of c...
Endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) is the primary treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). To optimise patient safety during the standard EVAR procedure, we aimed to investigate the influence of patient anatomy on intraoperative radiation expo...
Objective: This study aims to establish a local diagnostic reference level (LDRL) for single-photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) and positron emission tomography/CT (PET/CT) with respect to myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Ma...
Radiotherapy remains a cornerstone of cancer treatment, yet treatment response continues to be limited by tumour radioresistance and considerable biological heterogeneity. Although advances in radiation delivery have substantially improved dose confo...
The field of experimental radiooncology and the quality assessment (QA) aimed at patient safety both profit from the utilisation of biomimetic principles. The work with phantoms based on biological structures of animals or humans, utilising the princ...
Background: Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is widely recognised for its high capability in assessing multiple organs. However, concerns about patient radiation exposure, particularly in children, pose significant challenges. Objective: This study a...
Radiotherapy (RT) is an important treatment modality for the local control of breast cancer (BC). Unfortunately, not all patients that receive RT will obtain a therapeutic benefit, as cancer cells that either possess intrinsic radioresistance or deve...
Occupational radiation exposure in nuclear medicine (NM) is heterogeneous because personnel handle unsealed radionuclides and work near injected patients. This five-year retrospective study characterised whole-body Hp(10), whole-body Hp(0.07), ring H...
Laser radiation constitutes a promising technological advancement within the integrated weed management toolbox but is hindered by low energy use efficiency. This study investigated the efficiency of a pulsed blue diode laser for controlling small we...
Background: Three-dimensional cephalometric landmarking provides the spatial reference framework for computer-aided surgical simulation in craniomaxillofacial (CMF) surgery. Conventional workflows rely on two-dimensional computer interfaces (CIs), ye...
Background and Objectives: Total body irradiation (TBI) remains a cornerstone of conditioning for allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). Whereas early research debated the need for irradiation, contemporary investigations focus o...
Introduction: The mammary gland is highly sensitive to ionising radiation, making the average glandular dose (AGD) the most appropriate metric for breast dosimetry. With increasing participation in breast screening programmes, cumulative radiation ex...
This study aimed to 3D print a patient-specific chest phantom simulating multiple lung nodules to optimise low-dose Computed Tomography (CT) protocols for lung cancer screening. The chest phantom, which was developed from a single patient’s che...
Background/Objectives: Chromosome research is essential for advancing our understanding of cytogenetics, gene regulation and numerous aspects of organismal health. Staining chromosomes with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and applying Fluo...
Radioligand therapy (RLT) is a targeted treatment modality that combines a tumour-specific ligand with a therapeutic radionuclide. Once administered, the radiopharmaceutical binds selectively to cancer-associated targets, delivering cytotoxic radiati...
1 April 2022
It is known that children are more sensitive to the effects of medical treatments and environment than adults. Today there is limited information regarding the differences in genotoxic effects in children. The micronucleus assay is a method that is u...
Skin pigmentation is influenced by multiple factors, with sun exposure being one of the most important. Therefore, sun protection plays a central role in the prevention and treatment of pigmentation disorders. This work analysed the recent literature...
Background/Objectives: Radiation-induced lymphopenia is consistently associated with adverse outcomes across solid tumours, yet the vascular compartment that carries the irradiated lymphocyte pool is not routinely delineated during treatment planning...
Background: This study aimed to assess cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) knowledge, adherence to justification criteria, field-of-view (FOV) selection practices, and awareness of radiation protection guidelines among dental practitioners in the As...
To transfer experimental findings in plant research to natural ecosystems it is imperative to reach near to natural-like plant performance. Previous studies propose differences in temperature and light quantity as main sources of deviations between i...